三 .反身代词的形式: myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves
用法: 1.作宾语: a. He taught himself English. b. He is old enough to look after himself.
2.在句中作名词或代词的同位语, 以加强名词或代词的语气, 一般表示 ―亲自” “本人”
a. I myself did the work. b. You had better ask Tom himself.
四. 指示代词的形式: this, that, these, those, it, such, same 用法:
1.this / these常指时间, 空间或心理上较近的人或物, that / those常指时间, 空间或心理上较远的人或物
2.this / these常指后面要提到的事物, 有启下的作用; 而that / those常指前面讲到过的事物, 有承上的作用
a. What I want to tell you is this: The meeting is put off until Friday.
b. He had a bad cold. That is why he didn‘t attend the meeting. 3.that / those还可用来代替上文出现过的名词.作此用法时, 它们的用法及与one / ones的对比见下表
代替什么替换词 one [C]单数 成．．． 某名词 某名词 ones [C]复数 that [U] those [C]复数 [C]单数或the + 某名词 the + 某名词 a. The weather in Beijing is not so hot as that ( = the weather ) in Shanghai.
b. The population of China is a quarter of that ( = the population ) of the world.
c. The students in class one work harder than those ( = the students ) in class two.
d. The question is an easy one. e. I have lost my pen. I am going to buy one.
f Which pencils do you want ? The red ones g. He has a new coat and several old ones. 4.such的用法
①.such代替或修饰可数与不可数名词都可
a. He is such a man. b. I don‘t like such words. c. Such is our plan.
②. .如果名词被many / much / little / few四个词修饰, 则要用so
而不用such, 如:
a. He has made so much progress.
5.the same的用法: the same =同样(的), 可以作定语, 表语, 主语和宾语
a. They left for Beijing on the same day. b. He will go to swim and I‘ll do the same.
c. Whether he will come or not, it is all the same to me. 6.it的用法:
①.it指前面己经提到的人或事物
②.模糊it: it指时间, 季节, 气候, 距离, 情况等
a. It often rains in summer and it often snows in winter in this
city.
b. It is five kilometer from home to the school.
③.it作形式主语: it作形式主语时, 真正的主语可以是动词不定式, 动名词或由that引导的主语从句.当句中的这些真正主语用词较多时, 常用it作形式主语, 而把真正的主语移到后面 a. It is a good habit to do morning exercise. b. It is pity that you didn‘t see such a good film.
④.it作形式宾语: it作形式宾语时, 真正的宾语可以是不定式, 动名词或that引导的宾语从句. 当宾语之后有宾补, 而作宾语的不定式或宾语从句用词较多时, 常用it作形式宾语, 而把真正的宾语移到后面
a. I find it easy to learn English well if in the right way. b. I consider it wrong that you stand too close to an Englishman.
c. They want to make it clear that they are doing an important and necessary job.
⑤.it用于强调句型: It + is / was + 被强调的部分 + that / who + 其他
a. Professor Wang teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(一般陈述句)
b. It is Professor Wang that / who teaches us English every Monday afternoon.(强调句)
c. It is us that / who Professor Wang teaches English every Monday afternoon.(强调句)
d. It is English that Professor Wang teaches us every Monday
afternoon.(强调句)
e. It is every Monday afternoon that Professor teaches us English.(强调句)
五、不定代词 一览表
可数 不可数 one, each, many, both, another, either, neither, (a) few much, (a) little 可数不可数 oone, any, other, all, some 复合不定代anyone, anybody, anything; someone, somebody, 词 something; everyone, everybody, everything; nobody, nothing 二、不定代词的语法特征
1．every 和no 只能用作形容词，不能用作代词。 There is no need to finish it tonight.
2．复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词一概用单数。
Someone is waiting for me at the school gate, but I have no idea who they are (or who he or she is).
3．复合不定代词都不可接of 短语，但some one, every one, any one 都是两个词，之后可接of 短语（注意no one 不可接of 短语）。 Every one of the students can speak good English.
4．形容词修饰复合不定代词时，必须置其后。something amazing; nothing serious
三、不定代词的用法难点
1．none, no one, nothing 的用法区别
① none 既可指人，也可指物，常用来回答how many /much 引导的疑问句；
no one 只能指人，常用来回答who 引导的疑问句；
nothing “什么也没有”，否定一切，常用来回答what 引导的疑问句。如：
— How many people are there in the room now ? — None. — Who is in the room ? — No one / nobody