A. selling something up B. selling something fancy
C. selling something unnecessary D. selling something more expensive 55.This passage is mainly about __________ A. reasons to abolish the practice of tipping B. economic sense of tipping
C. consumers‘ attitudes towards tipping D. tipping for good service
―I promise.‖ ― I swear to you it‘ll never happen again.‖ ―I give you my word.‖ ―Honestly. Believe me.‖ Sure, I trust. Why not? I teach English composition at a private
college. With a certain excitement and intensity. I read my students‘ essays, hoping to find the person behind the pen. As each semester progresses, plagiarism（剽窃）appears. Not only is my intelligence insulted as one assumes I won‘t detect a polished piece of prose from an otherwise-average writer, but I feel a sadness that a student has resorted to buying a paper from a peer. Writers have styles like fingerprints and after several assignments, I can match a student‘s work with his or her name even if it‘s missing from the upper left-hand corner.
Why is learning less important than a higher grade-point average（GPA）? When we‘re threatened or sick, we make conditional promises. ―If you let me pass math I will ….‖ ―Lord,
if you get me over this before the big homecoming game I‘ll….‖ Once the situation is behind us, so are the promises. Human nature? Perhaps, but we do use that cliché（陈词滥调）to get us out of uncomfortable bargains. Divine interference during distress is asked; gratitude is unpaid. After all, few fulfill the contract, so why should anyone be the exception. Why not ?
Six years ago, I took a student before the dean. He had turned in an essay with the vocabulary and sentence structure of PhD thesis. Up until that time, both his out-of-class
and in-class work were borderline passing.
I questioned the person regarding his essay and he swore it I‘d understand this copy would not have the time and attention an out-of-class paper is given, but he had already
a finished piece so he understood what was asked. He sat one hour, then turned in part of a page of unskilled writing and faulty logic. I confronted him with both essays. ―I promise…., I‘m not lying. I swear to you that I wrote the essay. I‘m just nervous today.‖
The head of the English department agreed with my finding, and the meeting with the dean had the boy‘s parents present. After an hour of discussion, touching on eight of the
boy‘s previous essays and his grade-point average, which indicated he was already on academic probation（留校察看）, the dean agreed that the student had plagiarized. His parents protested, ―He‘s only a child‖ and we instructors are wiser and should be compassionate. College people are not really children and most times would resent being labeled as such…. Except in this uncomfortable circumstance.
56.According to the author, students commit plagiarism mainly for_____.
A．money B．degree C．higher GPA D．reputation 57.the sentence ― Once the situation is behind us , so are the promises‘ implies that_________. A．students usually keep their promises B．some students tend to break their promises C．the promises are always behind the situation
D．we cannot judge the situation in advance, as we do to the promises 58.The ―borderline passing‖（Line 3,Para.3）probably means____________. A．fairly good B．extremely poor C．above average D．below average
59.The boy‘s parents thought their son should be excused mainly because_______________. A．teachers should be compassionate B．he was only a child C．instructors were wiser D．he was threatened 60.Which of the following might serve as the title of this passage? A．Human Nature B．Conditional Promises C．How to Detect Cheating D．The Sadness of Plagiarism
2008年MBA英语真题及参考答案
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Last weekend Kyle MacDonald in Montreal threw a party to celebrate the fact that he got his new home in exchange for a red paper clip. Starting a year ago, MacDonald
bartered the clip for increasingly valuable stuff, including a camp stove and free rent in a Phoenix flat. Having announced his aim (the house) in advance, MacDonald likely got a boost from techies eager to see the Internet pass this daring test of its networking power. ―My whole motto (座右铭) was ?Start small, think big, and have fun‘, ‖ says MacDonald, 26, ―I really kept my effort on the creative side rather than the business side. ‖
Yet as odd as the MacDonald exchange was, barter is now big business on the Net. This year more than 400,000 companies worldwide will exchange some $10 billion worth
of goods and services on a growing number of barter sites. These Web sites allow companies to trade products for a virtual currency, which they can use to buy goods from other members. In Iceland, garment-maker Kapusalan sells a third of its output on the booming Vidskiptanetid exchange, earning virtual money that it uses to buy machinery and pay part of employee salaries. The Troc-services exchange in France offers more than 4,600 services, from math lessons to ironing.
This is not a primitive barter system. By creating currencies, the Internet removes a major barrier—what Bob Meyer, publisher of BarterNews, calls ―the double coincidence
of wants.‖ That is, two parties once not only had to find each other, but also an exchange of goods that both desired. Now, they can price the deal in virtual currency.
Barter also helps firms make use of idle capacity. For example, advertising is ―hugely bartered‖ because many media, particularly on the Web can supply new ad space at
little cost. Moreover, Internet ads don‘t register in industry-growth statistics, because many exchanges are arranged outside the formal exchanges.
Like eBay, most barter sites allow members to ―grade‖ trading partners for honesty quality and so on.. Barter exchanges can allow firms in countries with hyperinflation or
nontradable currencies to enter global trades. Next year, a nonprofit exchange called Quick Lift Two (QL2) plans to open in Nairobi, offering barter deals to 38,000 Kenyan farmers in remote areas. Two small planes will deliver the goods. QL2 director Gacii Waciuma says the farmers are excited to be ―liberated from corrupt middlemen.‖ For them, barter evokes a bright future, not a precapitalist past.
41. The word ―techies‖ (Line 4, Para 1) probably refers to those who are ＿＿＿. A. afraid of technology B. skilled in technology C. ignorant of technology D. incompetent in technology 42. Many people may have deliberately helped Kyle because they ＿＿＿. A. were impressed by his creativity B. were eager to identify with his motto C. liked his goal announced in advance D. hoped to prove the power of the Internet 43. The Internet barter system relies heavily on ＿＿＿.
A. the size of barter sties B. the use of virtual currency C. the quality of goods or services D. the location of trading companies] 44. It is implies that Internet advertisements can help ＿＿＿.
A. companies make more profit B. companies do formal exchanges C. media register in statistics D. media grade barter sites 45. Which of the follow is true of QL2 according to the author?
A. It is criticized for doing business in a primitive way. B. It aims to deal with hyperinflation in some countries. C. It helps get rid of middlemen in trade and exchange. D. It is intended to evaluate the performance of trading partners.
The lives of very few Newark residents are untouched by violence: New Jersey‘s biggest city has seen it all. Yet the murder of three young people, who were forced to kneel
before being shot in the back of the head in a school playground on August 4th, has shaken the city. A fourth, who survived, was stabbed and shot in the face. The four victims were by all accounts good kids, all enrolled in college, all with a future. But the cruel murder, it seems, has at last forced Newarkers to say they have had enough.
Grassroots organizations, like Stop Shooting, have been flooded with offers of help and support since the killings. Yusef Ismail, its co-founder, says the group has been going
door-to-door asking people to sign a pledge of non-violence. They hope to get 50,000 to promise to ―stop shooting, start thinking, and keep living.‖ The Newark Community Foundation, which was launched last month, announced on August 14th that it will help pay for Community Eye, a surveillance(监视) system tailored towards gun crime.
Cory Booker who became mayor 13 months ago with a mission to revitalize the city , believes the surveillance program will be the largest camera and audio network in any
American city. More than 30 cameras were installed earlier this summer and a further 50 will be installed soon in a seven-square mile area where 80% of the city‘s recent shootings have occurred. And more cameras are planned.
When a gunshot is detected, the surveillance camera zooms in on that spot. Similar technology in Chicago has increased arrests and decreased shootings. Mr. Booker plans to
announce a comprehensive gun strategy later this week.
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Mr. Booker, as well as church leaders and others, believes(or hopes)that after the murder the city will no longer stand by in coldness. For generations, Newark has been
paralyzed by poverty ----almost one in three people lives below the poverty line----and growing indifference to crime.
Some are skeptical .Steve Malanga of the conservative Manhattan Institute notes that Newark has deep social problems: over 60% of children are in homes without fathers.
The school system, taken over by the state in 1995, is a mess. But there is also some cause for hope. Since Mr. Booker was elected, there has been a rise in investment and re-zoning for development. Only around 7% of nearby Newark airport workers used to come from Newark; now, a year, the figure is 30%.Mr Booker has launched a New York-style war on crime. So far this year, crime has fallen 11% and shootings are down 30 %( through the murder rate looks likely to match last year‘s high).
46. What happened in Newark, New Jersey on August 4th?
A. The Newark residents witnessed a murder. B. Four young people were killed in a school playground. C. The new mayor of Newark took office. D. Four college students fell victim to violence. 47. Judging from the context, the ―Community Eye‖(Line5,Para 2)is_____
A. a watching system for gun crime B. a neighborhood protection organization C. an unprofitable community business D. a grassroots organization 48.We learn from the passage that Newark has all the following problems EXCEPT_____ A. violence B. flood C. poverty D. indifference 49. Mayor Booker‘s effort against crime seem to be ______
A. idealistic B. impractical C. effective D. fruitless 50. The best title for the passage may be _____
A. Stop Shooting, Start Thinking, and Keep Living B. Efforts to Fight against Gun Crimes C. A Mission to Revitalize the City D. Violent Murders in Newark
According to a recent survey on money and relationships, 36 percent of people are keeping a bank account from their partner. While this financial unfaithfulness may appear
as distrust in a relationship , in truth it may just be a form of financial protection.
With almost half of all marriages ending in divorce, men and women are realizing they need to be financially savvy, regardless of whether they are in a relationship.
The financial hardship on individuals after a divorce can be extremely difficult, even more so when children are involved. The lack of permanency in relationships, jobs and
family life may be the cause of a growing trend to keep a secret bank account hidden from a partner; in other words, an ‖escape fund‖.
Margaret‘s story is far from unique. She is a representative of a growing number of women in long-term relationships who are becoming protective of their own earnings. Every month on pay day, she banks hundreds of dollars into a savings account she keeps from her husband. She has been doing this throughout their six-year marriage and
has built a nest egg worth an incredible $100,000 on top of her pension.
Margaret says if her husband found out about her secret savings he‘d hurt and would interpret this as a sign she wasn‘t sure of the marriage.‖ He‘d think it was my escape fun
so that financially I could afford to get out of the relationship if it went wrong. I know you should approach marriage as being forever and I hope ours is, but you can never be sure.‖
Like many of her fellow secret savers, Margaret was stung in a former relationship and has since been very guarded about her own money.
Coming clean to your partner about being a secret saver may not be all that bad. Take Colleen for example, who had been saving secretly for a few years before she confessed to
her partner. ‖I decided to open a savings account and start building a nest egg of my own. I wanted to prove to myself that I could put money in the bank and leave it there for a rainy day.‖
―When John found out about my secret savings, he was a little suspicious of my motives. I reassured him that this was certainly not an escape fund that I feel very secure in out
relationship. I have to admit that it does feel good to have my own money on reserve if ever there are rainy days in the future. It‘s sensible to build and protect your personal financial security.‖
51. The trend to keep a secret bank account is growing because______
A. escape fund helps one through rainy days B. days are getting harder and harder C. women are money sensitive D. financial conflicts often occur 52. The word ―savvy‖(Line2,Para 2)probably means_______
A. suspicious B. secure C. shrewd D. simple
53. Which inference can we make about Margaret?
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A. She is a unique woman. B. She was once divorced. C. She is going to retire. D. She has many children. 54. The author mentions Colleen‘s example to show_____
A. any couple can avoid marriage conflicts B. privacy within marriage should be respected C. everyone can save a fortune with a happy marriage D. financial disclosure is not necessarily bad 55. Which of the following best summary this passage?
A. Secret Savers B. Love Is What It‘s Worth C. Banking Honesty D. Once Bitten, Twice Shy
―The word ?protection‘ is no longer taboo (禁忌语)‖. This short sentence, uttered by French President Nicolas Sarkozy last month, may have launched a new era in economic
history. Why? For decades, Western leaders have believed that lowering trade barriers and tariffs was a natural good. Doing so, they reasoned, would lead to greater economic efficiency and productivity, which in turn would improve human welfare. Championing free trade thus became a moral, not just an economic, cause.
These leaders, of course, weren‘t acting out of unselfishness. They knew their economies were the most competitive, so they‘d profit most from liberalization. And
developing countries feared that their economies would be swamped by superior Western productivity. Today, however, the tables have turned---though few acknowledge it. The West continues to preach free trade, but practices it less and less. Asian, meanwhile, continues to plead for special protection but practices more and more free trade.
That‘s why Sarkozy‘s words were so important: he finally injected some honesty into the trade debates. The truth is that large parts of the West are losing faith in tree trade,
though few leaders admit it. Some economists are more honest. Paul Krugman is one of the few willing to acknowledge that protectionist arguments are returning. In the short run, there will be winners and losers under free trade. This, of course, is what capitalism is all about. But more and more of these losers will be in the West, Economists in the developed world used to love quoting Jonoph Schumpeter, who said that ?creative destruction‖ was an essential part of capitalist growth. But they always assumed that destruction would happen over there. When Western workers began losing jobs, suddenly their leaders began to lose faith in their principles, Things have yet to reverse completely. But there‘s clearly a negative trend in a Western theory and practice.
A little hypocrisy (虚伪) is not in itself a serious problem. The real problem is that Western governments continue to insist that they retain control of the key global economic
and financial institutions while drifting away from global liberalization. Lock at what‘s happening at the IMF (International Monetary Fund) The Europeans have demanded that they keep the post of managing director. But all too often, Western officials put their own interests above everyone else‘s when they dominate these global institutions.
The time has therefore come for the Asians-who are clearly the new winners in today‘s global economy-to provide more intellectual leadership in supporting free trade: Sadly,
they have yet to do so. Unless Asians speak out, however, there‘s a real danger that Adam Smith‘s principles, which have brought so much good to the world, could gradually die. And that would leave all of us, worse off, in one way or another.
56. It can be inferred that ―protection‖ (Line 1, Para.1) means________
A. improving economic efficiency. B. ending the free-trade practice C. lowering moral standard D. raising trade tariffs 57. The Western leaders preach free trade because________
A. it is beneficial to their economies B. it is supported by developing countries
C. it makes them keep faith in their principles D. it is advocated by Joseph Schumpeter and Adam Smith 58. By ―the tables have turned‖ (Line 3-4,Para.2) the author implies that________
A. the Western leaders have turned self-centered B. the Asian leaders have become advocates of free trade C. the developed economies have turned less competitive D. the developing economies have become more independent 59. The Western economies used to like the idea of ―creative destruction‖ because it________
A. set a long-term rather than short-turn goal B. was an essential part of capitalist development
C. contained a positive rather than negative mentality D. was meant to be the destruction of developing economies 60. The author uses ―IMF‖ was an example to illustrate the point that_______ A. European leaders are reluctant to admit they are hypocritical B. there is an inconsistency between Western theory and practice C. global institutions are not being led by true globalization advocates D. European countries‘ interests are being ignored by economic leaders
2009年MBA联考英语真题及参考答案
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Henric Ibsen ,author of the play\ her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have
approved.. From January Ist , 2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government‘s liking. They will shortly receive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.
Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%.
That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America‘s 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway‘s stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen.\companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,\
Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been
Difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business
circles as the \management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.
Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that
In turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong
directors. \than men to do their homework,\fford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers.\
41. The author mentions Ibsen‘s play in the first paragraph in order to .
A. depict women‘s dilemma at work B. explain the newly passed law C. support Norwegian government D. introduce the topic under discussion 42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .
A. pay a heavy fine B. close down its business C. change to a private business D. sign a document promising to act 43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?
A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable. B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set. C. A common principle should be followed by all companies. D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law. 44.The author attributes the phenomenon of \ .
A. the small number of qualified females in management B. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companies C. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positions D. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles 45. The main idea of the passage might be .
A. female power and liberation in Norway B. the significance of Henric Ibsen‘s play C. women‘s status in Norwegian firms D. the constitution of board members in Norway
While there‘s never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer
often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.
In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she‘s discovering life. Ms. Carr
was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.
Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a \
she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal \manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of \
Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn‘t funny, but Ms. Carr
often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun (\
She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. \
writes. \
Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable
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