12解:?2f?x?dx1?0??0x?1?dx??2112x2dx???1x2?x???1?8?2?
06x313?6. 设
f?x???1sinx,0?x???2,求??x????x0f?t?dt。
?0,其它解:当x?0时,?x???x??d0ftt??x0d0t?0
当0?x??时,??x???x1cosx02sintdt?1?2
当x??时,??x???x0f?t?dt???x0f?t?dt???f?t?dt???102sintdt??x0d?t?1?0,当?0时?故??x????12?1?cosx?,当0?x??时
???1,当x??时7. 设f?x?是连续函数,且f?x??x?2?10f?t?dt,求f?x?。
解:令?1f?t?0dt?A,则f?x??x?2A,
从而?1f?x?2A0dx??1?x0?2A?dx?12?
即A?112?2A,A??2
∴f?x??x?1 8.lim1n?2n???n2n??n2??。
解:原式?lim??1n?n?1n??lim
n?????i?n?2n??nn???i?1n?1n??1xdx?203kn9.求limenn???2k。
k?1n?nenkn解:原式?limen1x1n???2k?k?1?1ex01?e2xdx?arctge0?arctge??1?enn4
10.求由?yetdt?xcos00?0tdt?所决定的隐函数y对x的导数
dydx。
解:将两边对x求导得
6
eydydxdydx?cosx?0 ??cosxey ∴
习 题 5-3
1. 下面的计算是否正确,请对所给积分写出正确结果:
ππ1π1(1)?2πcosx?cos3xdx=
??2π(cosx)2sinxdx=?2??2(cosx)2d(cosx)2?π2=?23πcos23x2?0.
?π2(
2
?11?x221?1dx??11?(sint)d(sint)=??1cost?costdt=?121?1?1(cost)dt=2?0(cost)2dt=2?11?cos2t02dt?(t?12sin2t)10?1?12sin2.
答:(1)不正确,应该为:
1ππ2?2cosx?cos3xdx?2?2(cosx)sinxdx
?π02π3π12=?2?24cos2x0(cosx)2d(cosx)??3?43
0(2)不正确,应该为:
ππ?1222?11?xdx??2?π1?(sint)d(sint)??t)2dt
2?π(cos2πππ =2?2t120(cost)2dt?2?21?cos202dt?(t?2sin2t)?π02.
2. 计算下列定积分: (1)?4161?0?x2dx, (2)?104?x2dx. (3)?20sinxcos3xdx;
(4)?eln2xln2xdx; (6)?1xdx1xdx; (5)?e0?1?1;
5?4x(7)?4dx?21; (8)x?1?2sin3xdx; (9)?edx;
01x1?lnx 7
)
(10)?0?22dxx?2x?2; (11) ??01?cos2xdx ;(12)?x21?x2dx。
01 解:(1)令x=4sint,则16?x2?4cost,dx?4costdt,当x= 0 时,t= 0;当x= 4 时,t?40π2,于是
?π2?16?xdx=?4cost?4costdt?20?202?4π 8(1?cos2t)dt?(8t?4sin2t)0π(2)?1014?x2dx=
1?21011?()2?xd(2x2)=
12arctanx21?012arctan12.
??(3)?(4)?20sinxcosxdx???ln2320cos3xdcosx??e14cos4x2?14
130e1xxdx??e1ln2xd(lnx) ?13(lnx)31?2t13[(lne)?(ln1)]?33
(5)令ex?1?t,x?ln?t2?1?,dx?于是
t?12dt,x?0时t?0;x?ln2时,t?1.
?ln20e?1dx?x?101?dt?21?22?0?t?11?t?12t2x?1??dt???2t?arctant?21??? ?04???(6) 令5?4x?u,则x?u?1.
54?u24,dx??u2du.当x??1时,u?3,当x?1时,
原式??8?5?u?du?231116.
(7) 令x?t,dx?2tdt.当x?1时,t?1;当x?4时,t?2.
原式??30?21?2?2??dt?1?t?1?202tdt?21dt??2t?1?t???21?ln?1?t?1?2?2ln2?23
?(8) 因为?2sinxdx=?2[1?cosx]sinxdx????20sinxdx??20cos2xsinxdx
?20sinxdx??cosx20?1
8
????2220cosxsinxdx???0cos2xdcosx???1?cos3x?21?3???3
0?从而 ?2sin3xdx=
203.
12?e2(9) 原式??e223?211
1?lnxdlnx??e111?lnxd1?lnx??21?lnx?(10) 原式??0dx0arctg?21??x?1?2?arctg?x?1??2?arctg1???1????4??4?2
?(11) 原式2????02cosxdx?2??0cosxdx?2?2cosxdx?2?cosx0????dx
2? ?2??sinx2??0?sinx??2??22
?(12)设x?sint,(0?t??2,dx?costdt,于是
1??2?x2dx=?2sin2tcos220x1tdt?1?204?0sin2tdt
?1?1?cos4t?1?224?02dt?18(t20?4sin4t0)??16
3. 计算下列定积分:
(1)?4(5x?1)e5xdx; (2)?e?100ln(x?1)dx; (3)?1πx0ecosπxdx;
(4)?1?(x3?3x?e3x)xdx; (5)?3x4lnx;
0?sin2dx; (6)?14xxdx (7)12xe?xarctanxdx0; (8) ?0xe2dx; (9)?1lnxdx;
e?(10)?20xsinxdx。
解:(1)?45x5x1(5x?1)e5xdx=?40(5x?1)e0d5=
e5(5x?1)??1e5x005d(5x?1)
=
6e5?1x15?e55?e5.
0 9
(2) ?e?10ln(x?1)dx?xln(x?1)e?10e?10??e?10xx?1dx =e?1??e?10(1?1x?1)dx
=e?1?[x?ln(x?1)]11=lne=1
sinπxπ?1πeπx(3) ?eπxcosπxdx=?eπxd00sinπx10??10sinπxπde?x
?0???1π?10eππxsinπxdx=??10eπxd(?cosπxπ)?1πeπxcosπx10??10cosπxπde?x
(e?1)??10eπxcosπxdx
1移项合并得?eπxcosπxdx??012π(e?1).
π(4)?(x?3?e)xdx?3x3x01?1010xd(x443?3xln313?13e3x)
?x(x44?3xln313?131e3x)05??(x4x4?ln3?1e3x)dx
?14??3ln3?e?(3x20??3x2ln3?19e3x)0??33ln3?2ln3?2?29e?31445
?3(5)??34xsin2xdx????3xdctgx??xctgx4?4?13?3????lnsinx???ctgxdx???49?4???4
?1?13?323?13???ln???ln????ln????4?49?229?22????
1?dx?x?(6)?41lnxxdx?2?414?lnxdx?2xlnx??1??41??xdlnx?24ln2??????41x
?8ln2?2?x114?12dx?8ln2?4
(7)?0xarctanxdx?82?12?10arctanxdx211?2??xarctanx?02??dx?01?x2??1x2
??12x?10dx?12x?10dx1?x2??8?121x0?121arctanx0??4?12
22xx2(8)?xe2dx?2xe200?2?e2dx?4e?4e200?4e?4e?4?4
10