口译教程答案1-20课(2)

2018-11-19 20:30

《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

cooperation with other countries and contribute to global tourism growth. For many years, the World Tourism Organization has made active and effective efforts to gain tourism prosperity and development around the world. It has become a specialized agency of the UN. Here we would like to offer our sincere congratulations. We believe this WTO General Assembly session will give a major push to tourism in the world for greater prosperity and new development.

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Finally, I wish the 15 General Assembly Session of the World’s Tourism Organization every success. Thank you!

5.4 世界旅游组织简介

世界旅游组织是唯一接纳旅游经营者的政府间组织,它受联合国委托,在各国旅游业的宣传和发展工作中发挥核心作用。世界旅游组织成立于1975年,总部设在西班牙首都马德里。 世界旅游组织的宗旨是促进经济发展、国际了解、和平繁荣和对人权与人的基本自由的普遍尊重,并强调在贯彻这一宗旨时,要特别注意发展中国家在旅游事业方面的利益。 世界旅游组织的成员分为正式成员、联系成员和附属成员三类。正式成员是指所有的主权国家成员。联系成员指的是哪些不必负责外交事务的地区。这些成员需要经过为他们承担外交责任的政府的批准方可成为成员。

附属成员的范围十分广泛,包括直接从事旅游业或与旅游业有关的组织和企业,如:航空公司以及其他运输公司、饭店、餐馆、旅游批发商和零售商、金融机构、保险公司、出版集团等。 到2003年,世界旅游组织有141个正式成员国、7个联系成员和350个附属成员,他们代表着私营部门、教育机构、旅游协会以及地方旅游管理机构。 5.5 现代化与文化遗产的保护

主:Welcome to our studio. My first question is: how many years have you been in China? 宾:三年多了。我是2002年5月底来的。

主:3 years. I bet you have witnessed a lot of changes in China. Could you tell us your deepest impression of urban development in China?

宾:我恐怕只能就我所在的城市谈谈经验,不过从周边城市的所见所闻,我也会有同样的看法。所有的外国人都非常清楚地看到,中国和中国的许多城市都在快速地发展。我想在东部沿海城市更是如此。到处矗立着崭新的高楼大厦,马路变得更加宽敞。

主:What do you think of all these tall buildings and the widened roads? Do you think that these are signs of modernization? Are all these changes good? 宾:这个问题提得好,但是我觉得这是个相当复杂的问题。 主:Why is it complicated?

宾:这个问题得从两个不同角度来谈。一方面是我作为一个外国人所期待的?? 我想看的,我感兴趣的和中国人想看的或者想让我看的肯定是不一样的。另一方面就是现代化与旧城文化保护相互冲突的问题。

主:Then let’s see what are the differences between a foreigner’s expectations and what the Chinese would like to see.

宾:这个问题看来最好这么来谈,一般情况下,中国朋友带我们参观城市的时候,都是带我们去看现代建筑,比如机场、大桥、会展中心等等城市里最新的东西。但是外国人对老城区、小街小巷、古旧建筑更感兴趣,也就是那些使这个城市有别于我们所看过的其他城市的东西。一

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《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

个外国人到过的其他地方可能比一般中国人多,所见过的机场和桥梁对他们来说没什么太大的不同,但是西安的庙宇他们就觉得有别于法国的教堂,更重要的是,中国城市的老房子更有别于英国城市里的老房子。

主:That is to say, foreigners are interested in the things unique in China, but there is a contradiction between modernization and preservation, as you mentioned just now from another perspective. The space of a city is limited; the old part of the city should be reconstructed, and in fact the new buildings are symbols of the prosperity of a city. Isn’t this a good thing?

宾:当然,繁荣与发展对你们来说是很重要的,对我们也是很重要(你们认为发展很重要,我也这么看)。问题是当一个国家发展的时候,人民的生活水平也随之提高,甚至可能提高很快。他们需要让别人看到这种变化的事实。你们似乎忽略了,对以前的事物需要加以保护,不止是保护那些庙宇或者宫殿,而且应该保护人们居住的房屋,保护老城区的原貌。文化遗产一旦遭到破坏,你们是无法挽回这种损失的。

主:You are quite right. People nowadays are starting to realize the importance of the preservation of heritage. Some local governments are making great effort to deal with the contradiction between development and preservation. Well, because of the limitation of the time, I’m afraid we have to stop now. Thank you ever so much for your coming to discuss this topic with us. We hope you’ll come again.

Lesson 6

6.4. 国际烟草控制公约 女士们,先生们:

首先,我要告诉大家一个好消息。一个以降低死亡与疾病主要原因为目的的公约刚刚生效。这个公约就是《烟草控制框架公约》,它是由世界卫生组织主持达成的第一个(具有法律效力的)国际公共卫生条约。

已经有160多个国家在公约上签字,签约国必须在各自国家批准该公约。迄今为止,已有近60个国家批准了该公约,** 然而只需40个国家批准即可生效。该公约在2005年2月27日生效。

各缔约国必须提高香烟和其他烟草制品的价格和税费,必须打击烟草制品的非法交易,必须采取措施减少公共场所被动吸烟等。

公约还禁止烟草广告以及烟草商进行其他营销活动,但是这样的限制不能违背相关国家的宪法规定。

公约号召烟草公司公布用以制造香烟的所有材料,此外,健康警告所包含的信息不能使公众误以为某些香烟的危害程度比其他香烟低。专家告诉我们,所有香烟都是不安全的。

缔约国还必须支持开展帮助人民戒烟的活动,应该开展告诫人们不要吸烟的教育活动。

世界卫生组织的研究表明,全球目前有烟民约10亿人,其中超过80%的烟民生活在发展中国家。经常吸烟的人有一半死于吸烟,每年世界上有近500万人因吸烟而死亡,专家指出,按照目前的增长速度,到2020年,这个数字将达到1,000万。

吸烟导致并增加患上各种疾病的危险,这些疾病包括癌症和心脏病。吸烟的孕妇可能伤害胎儿。最近研究提供了更多事实,证明孩子从小就吸入烟雾,长大后得肺癌的危险性增大。

《烟草控制框架公约》广受世界人民的欢迎,但是还需要制定补充性协议来增强其效力。

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《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

比如,发展中国家贯彻公约需要资金的支持。对于那些没有贯彻执行的国家还没有处罚的条例,不过他们的表现记录将在联合国大会接受检查。

我的话完了,谢谢大家! 6.5 艾滋病的防治

A:王先生,早上好!非常感谢您抽时间接受我们的采访。请您介绍一下中国目前艾滋病传播情况。

B:Well, in China, HIV/AIDS has become a very serious problem related to social development. There’ve been cases of people being accidentally infected with HIV/AIDS, through accepting contaminated blood from hospitals, babies acquiring the disease from their mothers, having improper sexual relationships. From the time we discovered the first AIDS patient in 1985, our country has entered a period of rapid increase in AIDS infections. Experts estimate that more than 900,000 people had been infected with HIV by the end of last year. If we don’t take some efficient measures, this number will double by 2010.

A: 您认为增长这么快的主要原因在哪里? B:First, because of poverty, people lack education and information about the prevention of HIV/AIDS. Second, ignorance. People do not pay much attention to this problem. Third, they lack proper resources, things like training, money and information. According to reports, we do not yet have an efficient medicine to cure HIV/AIDS.

A: 政府已经采取了哪些具体的措施来控制艾滋病在中国的蔓延呢?有什么国际合作吗? B:We have already got very strong support from the international community, especially on the technical side. And on the domestic front, we’ve recognized that making our people understand and raising their awareness is very important. So, common sense, health education and behavioral changes are the only way for people to avoid HIV infection.

A: 贵国政府在发布警报以及增强公众对艾滋病传播危险性的认识方面一直都在怎么做?特别是在农村地区?您认为要解决这个问题还应该进一步做些什么?

B: Firstly, I think the government should improve our monitoring system, and secondly, NGOs should try their best to mobilize all the resources we can use to help the people, especially people at the grass roots and the rural areas, to let them know the terrible results of the spreading of the disease and how to prevent HIV/AIDS. I think we should do more advocacy work among the people.

A: 非常感谢您回答我们这么多问题。预祝你们在与艾滋病的斗争中取得成功。 B:Thank you.

Lesson 8

8.3 温家宝总理谈中国政治体制改革 (《华盛顿邮报》采访)

A:中国的经济改革发展迅速,使得中国在短期内取得高速增长。中国是否需要加快政治改革以跟上经济改革的步伐?

B:China embarked on the road to reform and opening up in 1978. Our reform is a comprehensive one which includes both economic and political restructuring. Precisely as Mr. Deng Xiaoping pointed out, without political reform, economic reform would not be successful. In essence, political restructuring in China aims at integrating the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party, the people’s role as masters of their own affairs, and the rule of law in the conduct of public affairs.

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《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

At present, it is particularly important to do a good job with regard to the following. First of all, we should develop democracy to safeguard people’s democratic rights and to respect and protect their human rights. Secondly, we should improve the legal system through better legislation, better administration according to the law, and greater judicial reform. Thirdly, we should run the country according to the law, making our socialist democracy more institutionalized, standardized and regularized, and in this way we can make sure that it will not change because of changes in the leadership or changes in the views and priorities of leaders. Fourthly, we must strengthen supervision, and we should make sure that the government is placed under the supervision of the people. We have to develop democracy and strengthen supervision. Only in this way can we make sure the government will not relent in its efforts, and this would help avoid a situation whereby the government would be a failure.

China is a big country with 1.3 billion people. So, political reform should be pressed ahead in an orderly fashion and in a well-organized manner. Now there exist many misunderstandings. For instance, with regard to freedom of religious belief. Freedom of religious belief is clearly written into China’s constitution. China currently has over 100 million religious followers and over 100,000 religious sites.

Since the beginning of the reform and opening up, one religious site has been either built or restored every three days. There are quite a number of religious sites around the Zhongnanhai. For instance, to the east of Zhongnanhai, there’s the Wangfujing Catholic Church. To the south, there’s the Islamic mosque on Niujie Street. To the north, there’s the Yonghe Buddhist Monastery. To the west is the Baiyun Taoist Temple. Nearest to Zhongnanhai is the famous Sishiku Catholic Church, which has a long history in China. If you visit these religious sites, I’m sure you will see people practicing their religious faith.

A:今后中国在政治改革方面还会有什么步骤?比如说现在的直接选举,是否会从基层推进到乡镇?

B: At the moment, we have introduced the practice of self-administration and direct elections in 680,000 villages. This is a great innovation, and it is also very good practice for Chinese farmers. We have also introduced suffrage for the election of people’s deputies at the level of townships, counties and urban cities without districts. Indirect elections are held for the leadership of the provinces, and of municipalities with districts, as well as for the central authorities. Why? This is because China is such a huge country with such a big population. It is still underdeveloped, and economic development is uneven between regions. So conditions are not ripe for direct elections at the higher levels. The fist hindrance in my view is the inadequate education level of the population. 8.4《华盛顿邮报》总编谈中国

有人说,《华盛顿邮报》经常把中国描绘成一个“共产主义的专制国家”,那里的人民“没有民主,没有自由”。他们问为什么《华盛顿邮报》对这些负面的字眼如此感兴趣?对此,我不能赞同。首先,包括《华盛顿邮报》和《纽约时报》在内,几乎所有的美国大报今天都不再将中国称为“专制国家”。《华盛顿邮报》已经有很长时间不再使用这类词汇了。今天,我们依然称中国为“共产党国家”,那是因为这是一个事实,中国确实是由共产党所统治的。

今天,《华盛顿邮报》正在努力尝试去理解中国的复杂性。去年本报就发表了好几篇有关中

9

《口译教程》汉英翻译参考译文

国市民社会的长篇报道。这些报道主题多样,内容涉及到网络、工人、政府与个体的冲突等等。这些报道全面反映了中国的复杂性。

中国是一个大国,每天都在发生很多不同的事情,这些事情很多是自相矛盾的。比如,中国的经济成就在短时间内让成千上万的老百姓脱离贫困,这是人类历史上任何其他国家都望尘莫及的。但同时中国也面临许多矛盾。全世界都在拭目以待,看中国领导人如何解决这些矛盾。 我们都应该向中国学习。中国对我们未来生活的影响将会越来越大。在过去的50年中,美国发生的一切影响到了全世界众多地方。今天,中国的作用与美国有异曲同工之妙。 作为正在崛起的经济大国,中国将对世界——包括美国——发挥却来越大的影响力,尤其是在经济领域。中国人民将很快接受这样一个事实,那就是中国发生的事情将对世界产生巨大的影响。 我到过中国三次。第一次是在1999年。第二次是2001年3月,期间我有幸采访了中国国家主席江泽民。第三次是2003年11月,期间我又采访了中国国务院总理温家宝。中国有令人难以置信的活力,中国文化也是如此丰富多彩。每次到中国,我都感觉自己看到了世界的未来。中国是个极富魅力的国家。每次到中国,我都看到学到了一些新东西。中国的景色无与伦比,发展潜力巨大。我认为,中国如何应对今后的挑战将决定这个星球的未来。

我认为自己没有资格来评价中国的领导人。每次采访中国领导人的时候,我都深切感到他们准备充分、专注投入、知识渊博,对中国在世界舞台上扮演的角色中满了自信。**【中国如此庞大,有这么多的问题需要对付,人民贫富差距如此之大,世界上恐怕再也找不出比管理中国更复杂的工作了。】这比当美国总统难得多,尽管两者有诸多不同之处。 8.5 与中国的理智关系——霍华德欢迎胡锦涛访问澳大利亚联邦议会 尊敬的众议长先生、参议长先生:

我代表澳大利亚政府及各位议员,热烈欢迎中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛来到澳大利亚联邦议会,同时也欢迎胡夫人以及中方的所有成员。

毫不夸张地说,若是在10年前,这样的访问活动是非常不可能发生的。同样,要是在10年前,我也无法想象作为澳大利亚的总理,我能有机会在北京对中国共产党中央党校的官员做演讲。而在2002年,我作为西方中右派政党的领袖,我确实这样做了。

我认为,这说明了几个问题。这说明世界已经发生了一些变化。这说明澳中关系具有理智的特征,因为2002年我的访问和今天胡主席的来访并没有以两国牺牲各自独特的传统为条件。我认为澳中关系是成熟而务实的,是以日趋紧密的人员往来为基础的。两国处于不同的社会,拥有不同的文化、传统和历史,完全没有必要回避这一事实。可以说,澳大利亚两大政治派别的历届政府一直努力在两国关系中体现这一事实,这对双方都有巨大而长远的好处。 因此,从这几点来说,澳中关系是非常成熟和务实的关系。人员往来是极其重要的,我可以这样说,如今在澳大利亚最普遍的外语是汉语的一种方言。3%的澳洲人口,也就是超过55万人,具有中国血统。就我个人而言,在我所代表的碧尼龙选区,13.3%的选民具有中国血统。澳大利亚的中国留学生达到了34,000人。 ??

胡主席、胡夫人,非常欢迎你们的来访。感谢你们的到来,祝你们身体健康。相信你们会受到澳大利亚人民的热烈欢迎,他们会以行动展示出他们对两国关系的重视。

Lesson 9

9.3 Multivariate family planning policy in China

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