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哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文
摘 要
我国的融资租赁业务起步较晚,加之我国特殊的国情,融资租赁业在我国的发展屡受挫折,仍处于发展的低级阶段。融资租赁会计在我国的发展也不甚完善。目前我国有关融资租赁的会计法规是会计制度与会计准则并存。关于融资租赁会计问题研究从融资租赁会计历史演进的角度来研究我国的融资租赁会计,首先介绍了融资租赁会计的特点以及我国融资租赁会计的发展历程。然后对我国融资租赁会计的现行规定进行分析研究,阐述了我国融资租赁的相关会计规范在内容上和实务操作上存在的一些问题如企业集团内部融资租赁的合并报表的规范不完善、《租赁》准则中对租赁的分类标准在实务中操作性较差、租赁保证金的账务处理不规范等,提出了相应的改进建议,有助于完善我国融资租赁会计,提高会计信息质量。
关键词: 融资租赁; 融资租赁会计; 会计准则; 会计制度
I
哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文
Abstract
With the special situation of our country, financial leasing industry development in China despite repeated setbacks, are still at low stage of development. Financing lease accounting development in our country is not very perfect. At present our country financing lease accounting regulations is the accounting system and accounting criterion coexist. On the financing lease accounting research from the angle of the history of financing lease accounting research on China's financing lease accounting, first introduced the financial leasing accounting in China and characteristics of financing lease accounting development. Then to our country finance lease accounting regulations to conduct the analysis research, elaborated our country financial leasing accounting criterion in the content and the practical operation some problems such as the enterprise internal financing lease consolidated standard does not perfect,\lease\standards of lease classification criteria in practice in poor interoperability, the lease security deposit accounts processing is not standard, put forward the corresponding improvement suggestion, helps to improve our financial leasing accounting, improve the quality of accounting information.
Keywords:Financing lease;Financing lease accounting; accounting standard;
accounting system
II
哈尔滨商业大学毕业论文
目 录
摘 要 ................................................................................................................................ I Abstract ............................................................................................................................... II 1 绪 论 ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 研究背景 ................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 研究目的与意义 ..................................................................................................... 1
1.2.1 研究目的 ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2.2 研究意义 ..................................................................................................... 2 1.3 国内外研究现状比较 ............................................................................................. 2
1.3.1 国外研究现状 ............................................................................................. 2 1.3.2 国内研究现状 ............................................................................................. 2 1.4 研究的内容和方法 ................................................................................................. 3
1.4.1 研究内容 ..................................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 研究方法 ..................................................................................................... 4
2 融资租赁会计的概述 ..................................................................................................... 5 2.1 融资租赁会计的核算主体 ..................................................................................... 5 2.2 融资租赁会计的核算对象 ..................................................................................... 5 2.3 融资租赁会计核算的一般原则 ............................................................................. 5 2.4 融资租赁会计的相关概念 ..................................................................................... 6 2.5 我国融资租赁会计处理规范的历史演变 ............................................................. 7 3 我国融资租赁会计的现行规定 ..................................................................................... 9 3.1 我国统一会计制度对融资租赁业务的相关规定 ................................................. 9
3.1.1 我国《企业会计制度》对融资租赁业务的相关规定 ............................. 9 3.1.2 我国《金融企业会计制度》对融资租赁业务的相关规定 ................... 10 3.1.3 我国《小企业会计制度》对融资租赁业务的相关规定 ....................... 10 3.2 我国《租赁》会计准则对融资租赁业务的相关规定 ....................................... 10
3.2.1 承租人的会计处理 ................................................................................... 10 3.2.2 出租人的会计处理 ................................................................................... 11 3.2.3 关于售后租回交易 ................................................................................... 12 3.3对我国融资租赁会计规范的评析 .......................................................................... 12
3.3.1 体现了与国际惯例接轨 ........................................................................... 13