????????此时CA?CB?(1,2)?(1,?2)??1.
????????故在x轴上存在定点C(1,0),使CA?CB为常数. ?x1?x2?x?4,解法二:(I)同解法一的(I)有?
?y1?y2?y当AB不与x轴垂直时,设直线AB的方程是y?k(x?2)(k??1).
代入x2?y2?2有(1?k2)x2?4k2x?(4k2?2)?0. 则x1,x2是上述方程的两个实根,所以x1?x2?4k22k?1.
?4k2?4ky1?y2?k(x1?x2?4)?k??4??2.
k?1k?1??由①②③得x?4?y?4kk?124k22k?1.…………………………………………………④
.……………………………………………………………………⑤
x?4y?k,将其代入⑤有
当k?0时,y?0,由④⑤得,
4?y?x?4y22(x?4)y??14y(x?4)(x?4)?y22.整理得(x?6)?y?4.
22当k?0时,点M的坐标为(4,0),满足上述方程.
当AB与x轴垂直时,x1?x2?2,求得M(8,0),也满足上述方程. 故点M的轨迹方程是(x?6)?y?4.
22????????(II)假设在x轴上存在定点点C(m,0),使CA?CB为常数,
16
当AB不与x轴垂直时,由(I)有x1?x2?4kk22?1,x1x2?4k?2k?122.
以上同解法一的(II). 29.解法一:(1)在△PAB中,AB?2,即22?d12?d22?2d1d2cos2?,
4?(d1?d2)?4d1d2sin?,即d1?d2?22224?4d1d2sin??21???2(常数),
2点P的轨迹C是以A,B为焦点,实轴长2a?21??的双曲线. 方程为:
x1???(2)设M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2)
?y?1.
①当MN垂直于x轴时,MN的方程为x?1,M(1,1),N(1,?1)在双曲线上. 即
11???2②当MN不垂直于x轴时,设MN的方程为y?k(x?1).
?1?1?????1?0???2?1?5,因为0???1,所以??5?12.
2?x2y??1?2?x2?2(1??)k2x?(1??)(k2??)?0, 由?1??得:???(1??)k????y?k(x?1)?2?由题意知:????(1??)k??0,
所以x1?x2??2k(1??)2??(1??)k22,x1x2??(1??)(k??)2??(1??)kk?2222.
于是:y1y2?k(x1?1)(x2?1)??????????因为OM?ON?0,且M,N在双曲线右支上,所以
??(1??)k.
17
?(1??)?2?x1x2?y1y2?0???(1??)k?2??5?12???2????1????????11??????. ?x1?x2?023?xx?0?k2????2???1?0??12?1???由①②知,5?12≤??23.
解法二:(1)同解法一
(2)设M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),MN的中点为E(x0,y0). ①当x1?x2?1时,MB因为0???1,所以??2??1?????1?????1?0,
25?12;
2?x12y1??1??x0?1????kMN??. ②当x1?x2时,?221??y0?x2?y2?1???1??y022又kMN?kBE?.所以(1??)y0??x0??x0;
x0?1?MN??MN??e(x1?x2)?2a?22?由∠MON?得x0?y0??,由第二定义得????? 2222???????22211??2??x0?1????x0?(1??)?2x0.
1???1???222所以(1??)y0??x0?2(1??)x0?(1??).
2 18
222?(1??)?(1??)y0??x0??x0于是由?得x?
??(1??)y22200??x0?2(1??)x0?(1??)2?3?因为x(1??)20?1,所以2?3??1,又0???1,
解得:5?1???223.由①②知5?12≤??23.
19
38.(00北京安徽)(3)双曲线
xb22?ya22?1的两条渐近线互相垂直,那么该双曲线的离心率是
32(A)2 (B)3 (C)2 (D)
20