毕业论文 (设计)
论文题目：Fe掺杂ZnO纳米粒子的制备及表征 学 院： 药 学 院 专 业： 化 学 教 育 班 级： 一 班 指导教师： 杨 立 滨 学生姓名： 岳 瑞 轩 学 号： 0711014102
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毕 业 论 文（设计）用 纸 Fe掺杂ZnO纳米粒子的制备及表征
摘要: 目的 开展Fe掺杂ZnO纳米粒子的制备及表征的研究工作。方法 以硝酸锌、硝酸铁、
氢氧化钠等为原料，采用沉淀法合成Fe掺杂ZnO纳米粒子，并对样品进行表征。用WCT-2A型热重分析仪对样品进行TG-DTA测试；用X-射线衍射仪测试样品的晶型结构；用UV-Vis分光光度计记录样品DRS光谱。结果 通过沉淀法成功地合成了纯ZnO、及Fe含量为（0.5%、1%、3%、5%）的Fe-ZnO纳米粒子，并对样品进行表征。结论 掺杂的铁离子进入了ZnO的晶格取代了锌，拓展了样品的光学响应范围；并且，适量的Fe掺杂也丰富了ZnO纳米粒子的表面态（表面缺陷）并改善了与之相关的光生载流子的分离效率。
关键词：ZnO；Fe掺杂；沉淀法；表征
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毕 业 论 文（设计）用 纸
Fe Doped ZnO Nanoparticles and Characterization
Abstract: Object Fe doped ZnO nanoparticles to carry out the preparation and characterization of
the study. Methods zinc nitrate, ferric nitrate, sodium hydroxide as raw materials, synthesis of Fe doped ZnO precipitation of nanoparticles, and the samples were characterized. With a WCT-2A type TGA TG-DTA samples were tested; By X-Ray diffraction crystal structure of the test sample; using UV-Vis DRS spectra recorded sample spectrophotometer. Results Successfully synthesized through the precipitation of pure ZnO, and Fe content (0.5%, 1%, 3%, 5%) of the Fe-ZnO nano-particles, and the samples were characterized. Conclusions Iron doped into the ZnO lattice replaced by zinc, corresponding to expand the scope of the optical sample; and the appropriate amount of Fe doped ZnO nanoparticles are also enriched in the surface states (surface defects) and the associated improved Photogenerated carrier separation efficiency.
Keywords: ZnO; Fe doped; precipitation; Characterization
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目 录
摘要 ·········································································································································· Ⅰ Abstract ··································································································································· Ⅱ 前言 ·········································································································································· 1 1 仪器 试剂 ···························································································································· 11 1.1 仪器 ······························································································································ 11 1.2 试剂 ······························································································································ 11 2 实验方法 ····························································································································· 11 2.1 Fe-ZnO纳米粒子的制备 ······························································································ 11 2.1.1 纯ZnO前驱物的制备 ···························································································· 12 2.1.2 Fe-ZnO前驱物的制备 ··························································································· 13 2.1.3 目标产物Fe-ZnO纳米粒子的制备 ······································································ 13 2.2 样品表征 ······················································································································ 13 3 实验结果 ····························································································································· 13 3.1 TG-DTA测试 ················································································································ 13 3.2 XRD测试 ····················································································································· 14 3.3 UV-Vis DRS测试 ·········································································································· 16 4 讨论 ····································································································································· 17 结论 ········································································································································· 18 致谢 ········································································································································· 19 参考文献 ································································································································· 20 附录 ········································································································································· 21 附录Ⅰ（英） ························································································································· 21 附录Ⅱ（中） ························································································································· 24
佳木斯大学教务处
毕 业 论 文（设 计）用 纸
前 言
氧化锌(ZnO)是一种重要的直接宽带隙半导体材料，其室温禁带宽度为3.37 eV。纳米级氧化锌是一种新型高功能精细无机材料。由于颗粒尺寸的细微化, 使得纳米ZnO产生了其本体块状材料所不具备的表面效应、小尺寸效应、量子效应等[1]。与普通ZnO 相比, 纳米ZnO 展现出许多特殊的性能, 如无毒和非迁移性、荧光性、压电性、吸收和散射紫外线能力。这一新的物质状态, 赋予了ZnO这一古老产品在科技领域许多新的用途, 如制造气体传感器、荧光体、紫外线屏蔽材料、变阻器、图像记录材料、压电材料、压敏电阻、磁性材料、高效催化剂和塑料薄膜等[2]。
近年来，为了改善ZnO纳米材料的性能，除了控制材料的尺寸、结构外，通常采用第III、IV和V族元素如Al、Ga、In、Sn及Sb 等进行掺杂。目前，已获得了多种掺杂氧化锌纳米结构形貌，对掺杂后的光致发光、场发射特性和磁性的研究证实了掺杂对氧化锌纳米材料光、电和磁性能有显著影响。 纳米ZnO粒子的性质
ZnO是一种新型宽禁带n-Ⅵ族化合物半导体材料。与GaN材料类似，ZnO具有六方纤锌 矿晶体结构和室温禁带宽度为3.37 eV的直接带隙[3]。ZnO最显著一个特点就是具有很高的激子束缚能，高达60 meV，是GaN (25 meV)材料的两倍，也比室温热离化能 (26 meV)高很多，这就使得在室温或更高温度下激子受激发射存在并具有很高稳定性，从而保证了ZnO在室温低激活能下激子紫外光的发射[4]。此外，ZnO还具有很高的导电、导热性能和化学稳定性及良好的紫外吸收性能，所以ZnO在蓝光和紫光发光二极管、激光器、紫外探测器等光电子器件领域具有很大的潜在应用价值，被认为是极有前景的半导体材料之一。
与体材料相比，ZnO一维纳米材料表现出独特的物理化学性质，因而在纳米器件领域具有广泛的应用前景。一维ZnO的纳米材料的径向量子限制效应，使得ZnO纳米器件更容易实现室温下有效的紫外受激辐射[5]。另外，由于具有较高表面比率和小的尖端曲率半径，一维ZnO纳米材料和C纳米管一样具有良好的电子场发射性质，然而ZnO具有更好的化学稳定性和对环境的非敏感性，所以将来ZnO基纳米结构在场发射显示器中是碳纳米管的理想替代物。ZnO纳米器件在室温低阀值下实现紫外受激发射十分可能。因此ZnO纳米材料在光电器件领域也有很大应用前景。
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