with as a person who fosters[ v. 培养，促进，助长 ] and initiates collaborations
更为有利的是，要在你实验室内部，以及在和你们实验室合作的人们之间，培养一个良好声誉：一个鼓励并发动合作的人
— and make sure this quality gets mentioned by those who will take those reference phone calls.
——还要保证让那些会接听调查电话的人们谈及你的这个品质。
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Trait 2: A sense of urgency 特征2：紧迫感
Don Haut is a frequent contributor[ n.投稿人，撰稿人] to the aaas.sciencecareers.org discussion forum.
唐-豪特是一位给aaas.sciencecareers@org 网站论坛频繁写稿的撰稿人。
He is a former scientist who transitioned to industry many years ago and then on to a senior management position.
他之前是一名科学家。许多年前他转向了企业，并一直做到高级管理的职位。
Haut heads strategy and business development for a division of 3M with more than $2.4 billion in annual revenues.
他在3M公司一个部门负责策略和商业开发工作，这个部门每年上缴的税收高达24亿多美元。 He is among those who value a sense of urgency. 他就是一个重视紧迫感的人。
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“Business happens 24/7/365，
“一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，生意始终在进行，
which means that competition happens 24/7/365, as well,” says Haut.
那意味着一年365天，一周7天，一天24小时，竞争也同样在进行，”豪特说， “One way that companies win is by getting ‘there’ faster, “公司取胜的方法之一就是要更快地到达‘目的地’。
which means that you not only have to mobilize[ v. 争取支持，动用资源]all of the functions that support a business to move quickly,
这就是说，你不仅要把所有能支持公司快速运转的功能都调动起来， but you have to know how to decide where ‘there’ is! 而且还得知道如何决定‘目的地’是哪里。
This creates a requirement not only for people who can act quickly, 这样，不仅对那些行动快速的人们，
but for those who can think fast and have the courage to act on[ 按…行事 ] their
convictions[ n. 坚定地信仰或主张].
也对那些思维敏捷，并有勇气按自己的想法行事的人们都提出了要求。
This requirement needs to run throughout an organization and is not exclusive to management.”
这需要全公司各部门的运作，而不仅仅是管理部门的工作。”
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Trait 3: Risk tolerance 特征3：风险容忍度
Being OK with risk is something that industry demands. 企业要求员工能承受风险。
“A candidate needs to have demonstrated the ability to make decisions with imperfect or incomplete information.
“一名求职者需要表现出仅凭不准确、不完整的信息就做出决策的能力。
He or she must be able to embrace ambiguity[ n. 不明确 ] and stick his or her neck
out [ 说冒险的话] to drive to a conclusion,”
他或她必须能接纳不确定因素并冒着风险做出结论，” wrote one of my clients in a job description. 一位客户在职业描述中写道。
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Haut agrees. 豪特赞同这一说法。
“Business success is often defined by comfort with ambiguity and risk — personal, organizational, and financial.
“商业成功通常有这样一个特质：那就是能接受不确定因素和风险—个人的，组织上的和财务上的。 This creates a disconnect for many scientists because success in academia is really more about careful, studied[ adj. 经过深思熟虑的] research.
这就让许多科学家感到不适应，因为学术上的成功其实是依靠认真而严谨的研究。
Further, great science is often defined by how one gets to the answer as much as by the answer itself,
更进一步说，伟大的科学常常是由找寻答案的过程和答案本身两者同时来定义的。 so scientists often fall in love with the process. 因此科学家们往往沉迷于过程。
In a business, you need to understand the process, 在企业里，你需要了解过程，
but you end up falling in love with the answer and then take a risk based on what you think that answer means to your business.
但最终你会迷上答案，然后根据你认为该答案对你的企业所具有的意义来冒风险。
Putting your neck on the line [ 冒险 ] like this is a skill set that all employers look for
in their best people.”
像这样敢冒风险是一套技能组合，是所有雇主在他们最好的员工身上所寻找的东西。”
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Another important piece of risk tolerance is a candidate's degree of comfort with failure.
风险容忍度的另外一个要点是求职者对失败的承受度。
Failure is important because it shows that you were not afraid to take chances. 失败很重要，因为这表示你不怕冒险。
So companies consistently look for candidates who can be wrong and admit it. 所以各家公司总会寻找有可能犯错误并敢于承认错误的求职者。
Everyone knows how to talk about successes — or they should if they're in a job search 大家都知道如何谈论成功——或者当他们在寻找工作的时候应该知道。 — but far fewer people are comfortable talking about failures, 但很少有人乐意谈论失败，
and fewer still know how to bring lessons and advantages back from the brink[ n. 始发点，
边缘].
更少有人知道如何从失败的边缘吸取教训和获得经验。
“For my organization, a candidate needs to have comfort discussing his or her failures, “对我的企业来说，求职者需要坦然地谈论他或她的失败，
and he or she needs to have real failures, not something made up[ 编造（说法，解释）] for interview day.
而且他或她需要有真正的失败经历，而不是特意为面试而杜撰的东西。 If not, that person has not taken enough risk.” says Haut.
如果做不到的话，那么这个人冒的风险还不够，”豪特说。
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Trait 4: Strength in interpersonal relationships 特征4：善于处理人际关系
Rick Leach is in business development for DECODE Genetics. 瑞克·李奇在迪科德遗传工程公司从事业务拓展。
Leach made the transition to industry recently, on the business side of things. 李奇最近才转行到企业，做业务方面的工作。
I asked him about this key trait because in his new business role, interpersonal abilities make the difference between success and failure.
我向他咨询这个重要特征，是因为在他的新业务角色中，人际沟通能力在成功和失败之间发挥着很大的作用。
“Scientists spend their lives accumulating knowledge and developing technical
acumen[ n. 敏锐，聪明 ] ,” he says,
“科学家毕生都在积累知识，培养技术上的敏锐感，”他说，
but working for a business requires something else entirely — people skills. “但为企业工作需要完全不同的东西——人际交往的能力。
The scientist who is transitioning into the business world must prioritize[ v. 使…优先 ] his or her relationship assets above their technical assets.
想转行到企业界的科学家们必须优先考虑他们的社会关系资源而不是技术资源。
To suddenly be valued and measured by your mastery of human relationships can be a very scary proposition for a person who has been valued and measured only by his mastery of things,” says Rick.
对一个以前一直根据专业知识水平被评价的人来说，突然之间要根据他的人际交往能力来评价他，真