《英文写作》考试大纲
一、 考试目的、 要求
测试学员对〈英文写作〉知识的掌握程度，以促进学员对〈英文写作〉知识的学习。根据本课程各章节内容、难度、深度不一，对考试要求由低到高分了解、理解、综合运用三个层次。 二、考试命题原则
《英文写作》考试大纲依据〈英文写作〉教学大纲制定，基本掌握教学大纲的内容方可考试及格。 三、考试内容
以高等教育出版社出版的刘家荣主编的〈英文写作〉理论与知识为考试基本内容。 四、考试类型与方式
本课程的考试题型主要包括句子改错、按要求合并句子、过渡词填空题、主题句写作、根据所给提纲写短文、应用文写作、短文写作等。采取闭卷笔答考试方式。 五、考试大纲细则
第一章 选词与修辞格
本章教学目的： 学会准确用词以及用意义具体的词创造不普通的语言效果、考查内容:
1． 词的分类依据以及选词的依据：词的语体意义 （语体正式程度）、搭配意义、语法意义、联想意义等-----参见第
9页的练习2和3。
2． 关于修辞格，弄清书本上的例子。
第二章 有效句的写作 1． 句子的分类及分类的标准，各种结构形式的句子表达效果。
2． 破句、串句、错误平行结构、修饰语错位、垂悬修饰语‘结构单一‘层次不清的句子的常见形式以及修改方法。（认真看书上的例子以及讲义）
3． 掌握有效句的特点：统一性、连贯性、简结、句子形式和结构的多样性以及有效句的写作技巧。
第三章写作段落
1、统一性:主题句(中心句)的特点与写作方法、能够识别中心句在段落中位置。明确主题句与展开句的关系,能够写出包括主题限制性词语的主题句,能够根据已有段落补充主题句;掌握根据主题句展开段落的技巧. 2、连贯性 ：熟悉实现连贯的常见的手段以及影响连贯的常见形式和修改的办法，学会准确使用过度性词语使语篇连贯（见练习274-75页）。 3、段落展开技巧：重点注意列举法、过程法、举例法、归纳法、因果关系法、比较对照法、定义法、分类法，并能依据这些技巧做句子排序题,写出有连贯性的段落.
4、段落结束句的写作方法：重申主题法、要点归纳法等（见练习67-68页 以及讲义 ）
第四章 篇章整体构思与写作考核内容
1、能够根据所提供的材料确定文章主题，写作文提纲。
2、认知开头段、中间段、结尾段的意义，三段式文章各部分的写作技巧与常见方法，并能运用这些技巧写出200个字左右的短文 书中的范文段落可作句子排序材料。
3、重点注意说明文、议论文的写作技巧。
第五章 应用文写作
考查应用文的格式，信息的准确传递.掌握本节中的全部知识点，能运用已学过的写作知识，根据要求写出格式正确，内容充实的便条，信件，简历。
第六章 论文写作
本章暂不列为考试内容。该章节的主要目的旨在为同学们的论文写作提供指导。
第七章 书写格式与标点
主要考查标点的正确使用。
第八章 设计写作任务
主要考查句子排序，写故事梗概，分析材料作文。
六、考试题型与分值分配：
章节内容 要求 题型 Rewrite sentences (10 points) Chapter I Chapter II Chapter III Correct mistakes (10 points) Choose topic sentences (10 points) Rearrange sentences (10 points) Types of sentences; the unity, coherence, conciseness, clarity and variety of sentences Using appropriate words Complete, minor, choppy, and rhetorical run-on sentences; devices sentence fragments, comma splices or faults; word order and emphasis of sentences Features of topic sentences Chapter IV, Chapter V, Chapter VI, Chapter VII, Chapter VIII Punctuation; and manuscript format Writing for practical purposes (20 points) Passage writing (40 points) Total points: 100 Dozens of strategies for paragraph development Types and format of letters; notices; greeting messages; notes; curriculum vitae; and applications steps in writing composition; main parts of a composition;and types of writing;
《英文写作》作业练习题
一、 课后练习题 (Finishing the following mentioned exercises attached to the chapters in your Textbook) Chapter I Using appropriate words and rhetorical devices P8-11: Activities 1-3; P17-19: Activities 1-2; Chapter II Writing Correct and Appropriate Sentences P24-25 Activities 1-2; P27: Activities P29: Activities P31: Activities P39: Activities P55-58: Activities 1-2 Chapter III Developing Paragraphs
P65: Activities 1-4 P74-76: Activities 1-6 P99-101: Activities 1-5 Chapter IV Writing a Whole Composition P113-115: Activities 1-6 P123-124: Activities 1-5 P149-152 Activities 1-11 Chapter V Writing for Practical Purposes P168: Activities 1-2 P170-171: Activities 1-4 P173: Activities 1-3 P175: Activities P176: Activities 1-5 P181-182: Activities 1-4 P183: Activities 1-3 P184-185: Activities 1-3 P186-187: Activities 1-5 P188: Activities 1-5 P191: Activities P193: Activities 1-2 Chapter VI Writing Research Papers 略
Chapter VII Using Proper Manuscript Format and Punctuation P247-250: Activities 1-7
Chapter VIII Designing Writing Tasks 略
二、 综合练习题 (Write some articles on the topics given below) Exposition:
1. Cheating on Tests
2. Eat to Live and/or Live to Eat
3. Computers/ The Role of Computer (Internet) in Modern Life 4. Surfing on the Internet
5. The Place of Science and Technology in Modern Life 6. Generation Gap 7. Part-time Jobs
8. Hard Work Is Good for Health
9. The World Is Getting Smaller and Smaller
10. Why We Learn English/ The Importance of Foreign Language Learning
11. Education in China Today/ High Education in China/ China’s Educational System
12. Do You Think There Still Exists Sexual Discrimination in Society?/ The Place of Woman in Society/ Woman Are Not Second-Class citizens/ Job Discrimination against Women in China
13. Do You Think Beijing Is Competent to Sponsor the Olympic Games in 2008? 14. Physical Exercise 15. On Television
16. Environmental Pollution 17. Life in the New Century 18. My College Life
19. A Brief Description of My Leisure Activities Argumentation/Exposition 1. Competition and Cooperation 2. Housing Problem
3. My View on “A Little Learning Is a Dangerous Thing” 4. Diligence Is the Key to Success 5. On Happiness
6. On Friendship/ How to Establish Harmonious Relationship with People Around You?/ The Value of Friendship 7. The Place of Beauty in Our Daily Life/ My View on Beauty and Ugliness
8. Learning From Books VS. Learning From Life/Education Outside School Is Important 9. Academic Learning and Practical Learning
10. Private Schools Should/Should Not Be Encouraged in China 11. People’s Worth Are Shown in the Reward They Earn 12. Life and Journey
13. Why Divorce Rate Is on the Rise?/ Causes and Effects of Divorce in China 14. Why Crime Rate Is on the Rise? 15. My View on Job-Hopping 16. Career or Family? 17. Generation Gap
20. Modern Transportation/ How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic 21. Sports and Economy
22. Should Examination Be Abolished? 23. Health and Wealth, Which to Prefer? 24. On Happiness 25. Studying Abroad
26. Population Control/ The Problem of Human Population/ Traffic and Population
27. My View on China’s Entering the World Trade Organization/Is the Entry to WTO Advantageous or Disadvantageous? Description and Narration: 1. An Embarrassing Moment 2. Spring Time
3. How I Spent Summer Vocation 4. An Accident
5. My Favorite TV Program
6. The Best Teacher I Have Ever Had
7. My Father (Mother/ Best Friend/ Roommate/ Teacher, etc.
《英文写作》模拟试卷（一）
本试题满分100分。全部题目用英文作答。考试时间150分钟。 I II III 总 分 题号 10 10 10 核分人 题分 复查人 IV 10 V 10 VI 20 VII 30 得分 I. Rewrite each of the following sentences according to the requirement as indicated in 得 分 评卷人 复查人 brackets. (10 points, 2 points for each) Example: She decided to study English though she was interested in music. (periodic
sentence)
Although she was interested in music, she decided to study English.
1. He went to the library to borrow some books before he left the university. (periodical sentence) 2. It rained heavily last night. I went to the station to pick him up any way. (compound sentence) 3. All the kids love to talk with Grandma Jennifer because she was very kind. (simple sentence) 4. The tape recorder was not working right, so I returned it to the store. (complex sentence)
5. Minnie bought a ticket to the play. She went out for dinner. She arrived at the theater by 8:00. (parallel structure)
II．Correct the errors in the following sentences. (10 points, 2 points for each) Example: We shall hold the meeting here. Providing that there is no opposition. We shall hold the meeting here, providing that there is no opposition.
6. Scientists at universities are often more involved in theoretical research than in practically research. 7. The boiled point of any liquid is determined by the pressure of the surrounding gases.
8. Most of the damage property attributed to the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 resulted from the fire that followed. 9. In nature, the distributive of plants is obviously related to climate.
10. Many people who live in New York City thinks that life in a large city offers special advantages. 得 分 评卷人 复查人 III．标出主题句（本大题共3小题，共10分）
11. Choose the best topic sentence from the group below. Write the letter of the choice in the blank. (2 points)
A. The common housefly is very dangerous.
B. The common housefly is found in many parts of the world. C. The common housefly carries germs everywhere it goes.
D. . The common housefly leaves thousands of germs on the food. Answer: ______________________________________________
12. Read the following paragraph and underline the topic sentence. (3 points)
Convenient perhaps, but not exactly a relief. Such a utopia would give most of us the same kind of chill we feel when a stadium full of some club-bloc athletes in identical sports outfits, shouting slogans in unison, appears on TV. Most people do not want to be told what to wear any more than they want to be told what to say. In Belfast recently four hundred Irish Republican prisoners “refused to wear any clothes at all, draping themselves day and night in blankets,” rather than put on prison uniforms. Even the offer of civilian-style dress did not satisfy them; they insisted on wearing their own clothes brought from home, or nothing. Fashion is free speech, and one of the privileges, if not always one of the pleasure, of a free world.
13. Read the following paragraph carefully and select the best topic sentence from the four possible answers that follow the
paragraph. (5 points)
Topic Sentence: _________________________________________ There is an old saying ---- man endeavors to rise as the river flows downward. After all, working conditions and facilities for scientific research in China still have much to be desired. In fact, many who choose to go abroad are pursuing better working conditions that will benefit their personal development in their fields of study. However, the fact cannot be denied that some talented people are heading abroad for higher pay and comfortable life. For whatever reasons, the brain is an enormous loss to our country.
A. Working conditions and facilities should be improved to absorb the best minds. B. China should learn how to absorb best minds. C. It is impossible to stop the flow of people. D. How to recover the loss of the brain. IV. 重新组合段落（本大题每空2分，共10分） 得 分 评卷人 复查人 Rearrange the following numbered sentences so that they will read logically. Put the numbers in proper sequence in the boxes provided below.
14. Once more I was at the field. 15. Morning came at last.
16. It was hard to walk to the plane.
17. An orange helmet was pushed down onto my head.
18. There, I put on clothes that made me look like a big white bag. 19. Two heavy parachutes were put on me. 19 得 分 评卷人 复查人 V．Letter writing（20分）
You are planning to further your studies at a college or university. Write an APPLICATION
to that institution. (not less than 120 words)
VI. Passage writing（40分） 得 分 评卷人 复查人 For this part, you are required to write a passage on the topic City Life and Suburban Life. You should write about 200 words and base your writing on the outline below: 1. More and more citizens are moving to the outskirts of the cities;
2. City life and t suburban life have their own characteristics respectively. 3. Comparatively speaking, I prefer to living in …
得 分 评卷人 复查人 《英文写作》模拟试卷（一）评分标准及参考答案
本试题满分100分。全部题目用英文作答。考试时间150分钟。
I. Rewrite each of the following sentences according to the requirement as indicated in brackets. (10 points, 2 point for
each)
1. Before he left the university, he went to the library to borrow some books. 2. It rained heavily last night, but I went to the station to pick him up anyway. 3. All the kids love to talk with Grandma Jennifer because of her kindness. 4. Because the tape recorder was not working right, I returned it to the store.
5. Minnie bought a ticket to the play, went out for dinner, and arrived at the theatre by 8:00. 评分标准：
1． 符合要求，语句正确，得满分。
2． 与标准答案有出入，但与语义完整，得1分。 3． 不按要求改写，即使句子正确也不得分。
II．Correct the errors in the following sentences. (10 points, points for each)
6. Scientists at universities are often more involved in theoretical research than in practical research. 7. The boiling point of any liquid is determined by the pressure of the surrounding gases.
8. Most of the property damage attributed to the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 resulted from the fire that followed. 9. In nature, the distribution of plants is obviously related to climate.
10. Many people who live in New York City think that life in a large city offers special advantages. 评分标准： 1. 与标准答案一致，得满分。
2. 与标准答案有出入，但句子结构正确，表义准确，也得满分。否则，酌情给分。
III．Mark out the topical sentence. (10 points) 11. B
12. Fashion is free speech, and one of the privileges, if not always one of the pleasure, of a free world. 13. A
评分标准： 选择正确，得满分；否则，不得分。
IV. Rearrange the following numbered sentences so that they will read logically. Put the numbers in proper sequence in the boxes provided below. (10 points, 2 point for each) Paragraph A
15 14 18 19 17 16 评分标准： 排对的得分，否则不得分。 V．Letter writing (20 points)
评分标准： 16-20：内容完整，句子通顺，用词准确，语法规范，格式正确， 有少许词语和语法小错；
12-15：内容基本完整，表达比较通顺，有一些用词和语法错误，格式正确； 6-11：内容不够完整，表达不够通顺，用词和语法错误较多，格式基本正确；
0-5：内容既不完整，字数明显不够，错误百出，由少数句子可辨或只有只言片语。
A letter for reference Dear Sir or Madam,
I am a senior in the Dept. of Foreign Language and Literature at Hunan Normal University. I would like to continue studying it at your university as a graduate student. I have known something about your University. Could you send me more information on your department and an application form for admission?
I have already passed the Test for English Major 8 (TEM-8) and have perfect scores in other courses, e.g.. literature, business, translation, etc. I have a good mastery of Japanese as my second language. I am interested in learning and researching language and different cultures.
It would be much appreciated if you would forward the necessary application forms for admission with information about financial aid to the Department of English Language and Literature at your University for a Master Degree.
I am looking forward to your response at your earliest convenience.
Sincerely yours,
Mary
VI. Passage writing (40 points) 评分标准：
1． 第六部分满分为40分，按五个档次给分。其中24分为该部分的及格分，需要慎重把握。 2． 写作的用词量如果不符合要求，应酌情减分。
3． 作文中的拼写错误可以每四个扣一分，但不重复扣分。
第一档：40-34分 作文切题，内容充实，结构清晰、完整，语言通顺，表达清楚，用词准确，没有语法错误，很少有
拼写错误。
第二档：33-25分 作文切题，内容充实，结构清晰、完整，语言通顺，表达清楚，用词基本得当，有个别语法错误
和拼写错误。
第三档：24-18分 作文基本切题，内容较充实，结构较清晰、完整，语言较通顺，表达较清楚，用词有些不当，但
可以理解，有少数语法错误和拼写错误。
第四档：17-10 作文不切题，内容不充实，结构不够清晰、完整，语言不通顺，表达不连贯，有较多的语法错误
和拼写错误。
第五档：9-0 作文不切题，内容空洞，结构混乱，语言不通顺，无法表达连贯的意思。 A passage for reference: