each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree. In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester. A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks; while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester. Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year. It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period. It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course, though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.?
For every course that he follows a student is given a grade, which is recorded, and the record is available for the student to show to prospective employers.
All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work, but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs. Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm. The effective work of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities. Any student who is thought to have broken the rules, for example, by cheating has to appear before a student court. With the enormous numbers of students, the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.?
1. Normally a student would at least attend ____ classes each week.? A. 36 B. 12 C. 20 D. 15?
2. According to the first paragraph, an American student is allowed ____.? A. to live in a different university ?
B. to take a particular course in a different university? C. to live at home and drive to classes
D. to get two degrees from two different universities
3. American university students are usually under pressure of work because ____.? A. their academic performance will affect their future careers? B. they are heavily involved in student affairs? C. they have to run for positions of authority? D. they have to attend a lot of classes?
4. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because ____.? A. they hate the constant pressure and strain of their study? B. they will then be able to stay longer in the university C. such positions help them get better jobs D. such positions are usually well paid
5. The student organizations seem to be effective in ____.? A. dealing with the academic affairs of the university
B. ensuring that the students observe university regulations?
C. evaluating students‘ performance by bringing them before a court D. keeping up the students‘ enthusiasm for social activities Passage 8 B B A C B
Passage 9
It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame
them for most of the misunderstandings between them. They have always complained, more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways; that they are possessive and dominant; that they do not trust their children to deal with crises; that they talk too much about certain problems -and that they have no sense of humour, at least in parent-child relationships.?
I think it is true that parents often underestimate their teenage children and also forget how they themselves felt when young.?
Young people often irritate their parents with their choices in clothes and hairstyles, in
entertainers and music. This is not their motive. They feel cut off from the adult world into which they have not yet been accepted. So they create a culture and society of their own. Then, if it turns out that their music or entertainers or vocabulary or clothes or hairstyles irritate their parents, this gives them additional enjoyment. They feel they are superior, at least in a small way, and that they are leaders in style and taste.?
Sometimes you are resistant, and proud because you do not want your parents to approve of what you do. If they approve, it looks as if you are betraying your own age group. But in that case, you are assuming that you are the underdog; you cannot win but at least you keep your honor. This is a passive way of looking at things. It is natural enough after long years of childhood, when you were completely under your parents‘ control. But it ignores the fact that you are now beginning to be responsible for yourself.?
If you plan to control your life, cooperation can be part of that plan. You can charm others, especially your parents, into doing things the way you want. You can impress others with your sense of responsibility and initiative, so that they will give you the authority to do what you want to do.?
1. The author is primarily addressing ____.? A. parents of teenagers ? B. newspaper readers ?
C. those who give advice to teenagers? D. teenagers?
2. The first paragraph is mainly about ____.? A. the teenagers‘ criticism of their parents?
B. misunderstandings between teenagers and their parents? C. the dominance of the parents over their children? D. the teenagers‘ ability to deal with crises?
3.Teenagers tend to have strange clothes and hairstyles mainly because they ____.? A. want to show their existence by creating a culture of their own? B. have a strong desire to be leaders in style and taste? C. have no other way to enjoy themselves better? D. want to irritate their parents?
4. Teenagers do not want their parents to approve of whatever they do because they ____.? A. have already been accepted into the adult world?
B. feel that they are superior in a small way to the adults? C. are not likely to win over the adults? D. have a desire to be independent?
5. To improve parent-child relationships, teenagers are advised to be ____.? A. obedient B. responsible ? C. cooperative D. independent? Passage 9 D A A D C
Passage 10
When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes very often. It is only when we
cannot see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are.
People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing, reading and sewing, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.
People who are farsighted suffer from just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book unless they hold it at arm‘s length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people‘s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts(白内障). Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the sides of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you, which seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they cannot see it any more, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the centre of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark. 1. We do not know that our eyes are of great importance until_______.
A. we wear glasses B. we cannot see clearly C. we have to do much reading 2. According to the passage, a ______ is more likely to be nearsighted . A. tailor B. doctor C. guard 3. Those who suffer from cataracts______.
A. will become blind B. must move to other places C. may be cured 4. People who are farsighted______.
A. cannot do a lot of close work without glasses
B. have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm‘s length C. have the same problem as the nearsighted people 5. To see a small thing at night, it is better to look ______. A. with wide open eyes
B. with half-shut or narrowed eyes C. in a slightly different direction Passage 10 B A C A C
Passage 11
Once the king of India fell ill and sent for his doctor. The doctor came, examined him
and said, ―You will be well again in a few days if you take bull‘s milk.‖ The king was very surprised, for he had never heard of a bull that gave milk. ―How is it possible?‖ he asked.
―Order Gulbo, the scholar, to get it for you. He can do anything.‖ The doctor was an enemy to Gulbo, and thought this would be a way of making him suffer. When the king told Gulbo what the doctor had said and ordered him to get bull‘s milk, Gulbo immediately understood what the doctor was trying to do.
When he got home he sat thinking how to get out of the difficulties. His daughter, seeing him worried, asked what was the matter. On hearing what the king had asked for, she said, ―Don‘t worry, father, I‘ll help you.‖
The next day she took some old clothes, went to the bank of the river near the palace, and chose a place below the king‘s bedroom window. In the middle of the night, when everyone was in bed, she started to do her washing. She made so much noise that the king could not sleep. The king got very angry and set a guard to find out what was the matter. The soldier found the girl, and led her to the king. ―Why do you wash your clothes here at night?‖ asked the king.
The girl pretended to be afraid and said, ―I had to wash clothes at night. This afternoon my father had a baby. I was busy all day because of that. Then I found there were no clean clothes for the baby, so I had to come and wash them now.‖
―What!‖ cried the king, ―Are you trying to make a fool of me? Who ever heard of a man having a baby?‖
―Well, if the king himself orders someone to get bull‘s milk for him, why can‘t a man have a baby?‖
The king smiled and said, ―You must be Gulbo‘s daughter. Go and tell your father that he may keep the bull‘s milk for his baby.‖
1. According to the doctor in the story, the king‘s illness can be cured by ______. A. making Gulbo suffer B. drinking bull‘s milk
C. seeing another doctor D. feeding him with cow‘s milk
2. The doctor told the king to ask Gulbo to find bull‘s milk because he ______. A. admired Gulbo greatly B. hated Gulbo very much
C. thought Gulbo was a scholar D. tried to make Gulbo another doctor 3. How did Gulbo feel after getting the king‘s order? A. He was upset. B. He was excited.
C. He was surprised. D. He was disappointed.
4. Why did Gulbo‘s daughter wash clothes below the king‘s bedroom window at night? A. Because she was forced to do it. B. Because she often washed clothes there. C. Because she enjoyed washing clothes there. D. Because she wanted the king to notice her.
5. From the dialogue between the king and the girl, we know that after hearing the girl‘s story, the king ______.
A. wanted to see the baby B. became angry with her
C. thought the girl was a fool D. understood the girl‘s meaning Passage 11 ( BBADD )
Passage 12
People all over the world today are beginning to hear and learn more and more about
the problem of pollution. Pollution is caused either by man‘s release of completely new and often artificial (人造的) substances into the environment, or by releasing greatly increased amounts of a natural substance (物质)，such as oil from oil tankers into the sea.
Whatever its underlying reasons, there is no doubt that much of the pollution caused could be controlled if only companies, individuals and governments would make more efforts. In the home there is an obvious need to control litter and waste. Food comes wrapped up three of four times in packages that all have to be disposed of; drinks are increasingly sold in bottles or tins which can‘t be reused. This not only causes a litter problem, but also is a great waste of resources, in terms of glass, metal and paper. Advertising has helped this process by persuading many of us not only to buy things we neither want nor need, but also to throw away much of what we do buy. Pollution and waste combine to be a problem everyone can help to solve by cutting out unnecessary buying, excess use and careless disposal (处理) of the products we use in our daily lives.
1. The main cause of pollution is __________.
A. the release of artificial or natural substances into the environment B. the production of new industrial goods C. increased amounts of a natural substance D.our ever-increasing population
2. Much of the pollution could be controlled if only __________. A. people would pay more attention to the problem B. governments would take effective measures C. all sides concerned would make more efforts D. farmers would use less artificial fertilizers
3. Food packages, bottles and tins for drinks can cause __________.
A. air and water pollution B. both a litter problem and a waster of resources C. to pay for the service D. to produce the receipt
4. Which of the following can not help solving the problem of pollution? A. Cutting out unnecessary buying. B. Eating.
C. Reduce excess use. D. Carefully dispose our daily products. 5. What does the underlined word ―litter‖ mean in paragraph 2? A. not many B. serious problem C. bits of waste things D. industrial pollution
Passage 12 ( ACBBC)
Passage 13
Thousands of years ago, in the middle of an ocean, miles from the nearest island, an
undersea volcano broke out. The hot liquid piled higher and higher and spread wider and wider. In this way, an island rose up in the sea.
As time went on, hot sun and cool rains made the rock split and break to pieces. Sea waves dashed against the rock. In this way, soil and sand came into being.
Nothing lived on the naked soil. And then the wind and birds brought plant seeds, spiders and other little creatures there. Only plants could grow first. Only they, in sunlight, could produce food from the minerals of the soil, water and air. While many animals landed on the island, they could find no food. A spider spun its web in vain, because there were no insects for its web to catch. Insects couldn‘t stay until there were plants for them to eat. So plants had to be the pioneer life on this new island. 1. The passage centers on __________.
A. how an undersea volcano broke out B. how an island rose up in the sea
C. how soil was formed on a new island D. how life began on a volcano-produced island 2.According to the passage, the island got its first soil from __________. A. sea waves B. the sand brought by the wind C. its own rock D. cool rains
3.The word ―naked‖ (in Para. 3) could be replaced by which of the following? A. hidden B. new C. mysterious D. bare
4.The order of coming into being on the island is __________. A. soil, plants and animals B. soil, little creatures and plants C. soil, birds and plants D. soil, human beings and animals 5. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE ? A. Spiders were the first life that could live on the island. B. The island is far away from any piece of land. C. Insects could not live on the island without plants. D. Plants were brought to the island by human being. Passage 13 ( DCDAC)
Passage 14
In the last 500 years, nothing about people – not their clothes, ideas, or languages – has
changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500‘s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the ―Potato Famine‖of 1845-6, and thousands more were forced to emigrate to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the World‘s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the 1400‘s.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a goatherd name Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the ―wide-awake‖ feeling that one-third of the world‘s population now starts the day with. 1. According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years? A. Food C Potato B. Chocolate D. Coffee