第三篇 Sunspots
It’s not surprising that sunspots（太阳黑子）were observed by ancient astronomers（天文学家）. The largest sunspots on the sun can be seen without a telescope. It was not until the. invention of the telescope（望远镜）in the early 17th century, however, that systematic studies of sunspots could be undertaken. The great astronomer Galileo was among the first to make telescopic observations of sunspots.
Sunspots are regions of extremely strong magnetic fields（磁场）found on the sun’s surface. A sunspot has a dark central core known as the umbra. The umbra is surrounded by a dark ring called the penumbra, where the magnetic field spreads outward. Sunspots appear dark because they are giving off less radiation. They are cooler than the rest of the sun?s Surface.
Sunspots are frequently observed in pairs or in paired groups. The members of a spot pair are identified as the leading spot and the following spot. They are identified by their position in the pair in terms of the direction in which the sun rotates（旋转）.
The number of sunspots at any one time varies. A large spot group may consist of as many as 10 groups and 300 Spots across the Sun. The number of spots changes in a fairly regular pattern called the sunspot cycle. The largest number occurs about every 11 years. At sunspot minimum, there are at most just a few small spots.
The average lifetime of an individual spot group is roughly one solar rotation, which is about 25 days. The most persistent large spots, however, can survive for two to three months
41. Careful observations and systematic studies of sunspots A. were made by ancient astronomers. B. started in the early 17th century. C. were made by Galileo only.
D. could be made without a telescope.
42. Sunspots are cooler than the rest of the sun's surface because A. they produce less energy. B. they are buried in the sun.
C. they are far away from magnetic fields. D. they are close to magnetic fields.
43. The leading spot and the following spot are the names of A. two large sunspots. B. a large spot and a small spot. C. the two spots in a spot pair.
D. the central core and the ring around it.
44. If an intense sunspot activity-had occurred in 1857, the next one would have been in A. 1858. B. 1862. C. 1865. D. 1868.
45. In the last paragraph the word \
A. important B. effective. C. enduring. D. visible.
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第五部分：补全短文（第46~50题，每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Some Unusual Celebrations
Some holidays are well-known all around the world. Among them are New. Year's Eve celebrations. Also common are days in honor of love and friendship, like Valentine's Day. Each country has its own special holidays, too, often to mark important events in its history. Schools, banks, and government offices all close on-days. like these. ______ (46) A few of them are really very strange.
Of course, they are not strange to the people who celebrate them. Perhaps that is because the celebrations have long traditions. ConsiderApril Fool's Day for examp.ie. No one knows when or why it began. Today it is celebrated in many countries-France, England, and Australia, among others. On this day, people play practical jokes. ______ (47) The ones who laugh are the ones playing the jokes. The people they fool often get angry. Does celebrating this day make sense to you?
Dyngus Day in Poland seems strange, too. On this day, it is traditional for boys to pour water over the heads of girls. Here is the strangest part: They do it to girls they like.
Other unusual celebrations take place in a single city or town. A holiday called La Tomatina is celebrated in Bunol, Spain. Every year, in late August, big trucks carry more than 200,000 pounds of tomatoes into this little town. ______ (48) For two hours, people in the streets throw tomatoes at each other. Everyone ends up red from head to toe.
August 10 marks the start of the Puck Fair, an Irish festival with a very unusual tradition. People from the town of Killorglin go up into the mountains and' catch a wild goat.______(49)
There are also some celebrations that are really strange. In the United States, sometimes one person gets an idea for a new holiday and tries to get others to accept it. Whose idea was Public Sleeping Day? That one is on February 28. It may seem strange, but it sounds like more fun than the one on February9. ______ (50) Do you like the idea of inventing a new holiday? lf you do, then you will want to mark March 26 0n your calendar. That is Make Up Your Own Holiday Day. A. Some people have fun imagining new holidays. B. That is supposed to be Toothache Day.
C. Then begins the world?s biggest food fight.
D. They bring him back to town put a crown on his head，and make him king for three days. E. Jokes are supposed to be funny，but these jokes do not make everyone laugh. F. Some of the days people celebrate，however are less serious.
第六部分：完形填空（第51~65题，每题1分，共15分）
阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
Chicken Soup for the Soul: Comfort Food Fights Loneliness
Mashed potatoes, macaroni and cheese, may be bad 51 your arteries, but according to a study in Psychological Science, they?re good for your heart and emotions The study focuses on “comfort food” and 52 it makes people feel.
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“For me personally, food has always 53 a big role in my family,” says Jordan Troisi, a graduate student at the University of Buffalo, and lead author on the study. The study came out of the research program of his co?author Shira Gabriel. It has looked at non?human things 54 may affect human emotions. Some people reduce loneliness 55 bonding with their favorite TV show, 56 virtual relationships with a pop song singer or looking at pictures of loved ones. Troisi and Gabriel wondered if comfort food could have the same effect by making people think of their nearest and dearest.
In one experiment, 57 make participants feel lonely, the researchers had them write for six minutes about a fight with 58 close to them. Others were given an emotionally neutral writing assignment. Then, some people in each group wrote about the experience of eating a comfort food and others wrote about eating a new food. 59, the researchers had participants complete questions about their levels of loneliness.
Writing about a fight with a close person made people feel 60. But people who were generally secure in their relationships would feel less lonely by writing about a comfort food. “We have found that comfort foods are 61 associated with those close to us,” says Troisi. “Thinking about or consuming these foods later then serves as a reminder of those close others.” In their essays 62 comfort food, many people wrote about the experience of eating food with family and friends.
In another experiment, eating chicken soup in the lab made people think more about relationships, but 63 they considered chicken soup to be a comfort food. This was a question they had been asked long 64 the experiment, along with many other questions, so they wouldn?t remember it.
Throughout everyone?s daily lives they experience stress, often associated with our connections with others, Troisi says.“Comfort food 65 be an easy remedy for loneliness.”
51AinBwithCatDfor
52Awhere Bwhen Chow Dthat 53Aacted Bliked Cplayed Dwore 54Athat Bit Cthey Dwho 55Ato Bfrom Cby Dof
56Abuild Bbuilding Cbuilt Dbuilds
57Ain line Bin return Cin order to Din turn 58Asomeone Bsomething Csometime Dsomehow 59AFormally BPreviously CInitially DFinally 60Aalone Blonely Chappy Dworthy
61Aconsistently Bconsistent Cinsistently Dinsistent 62Ain Bon Cat Dby
63Aif only BOnly if Conly when Dwhen only 64Aearly Blater Cbefore Dafter 65Amust Bcould Cshould Dcan
参考答案：
一。词汇选项：CABBC DABDA DCABC 二。阅读判断：ACABC AB 三。概完：CBDAF BCD
四。阅读理解：BCBCB DDABC BACDC 五。补全短文：FECDB
六。完形填空：DCCAC BCADB ABBCD
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全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题 理工类C级（二）
第一部分：词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）
下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 1 I am not certain whether he will come.
A determined B sure
C sorry D glad
2 She seemed to have detected some anger in his voice. A noticed B heard C realized D got
3 Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance. A contact B see
C help
D touch
4 In short, I am going to live there myself. A In other words B That is to say
C In a word D To be frank
5 He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct. A style B behavior C mode D attitude
6 I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. A making B keeping
C changing D implementing
7 Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke A readily B casually C obviously D simply
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8 We all think that Mary's husband is a very boring person. A shy B stupid
C dull D selfish
9 The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.
A promote B paint
C produce D polish
10 They only have a limited amount of time to get their points across. A large B total
C small D similar
11 The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences A force B influence C surprise
D power
12 Can you follow the plot so far? A change B investigate
C write D understand
13 Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed. A physical B mental
C natural D hard
14 In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed A result B judgment
C decision D event
15 Norman Blarney is an artist of deep convictions. A statements B beliefs
C suggestions D claims
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