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excosy解:?f(x,y)?在点(1,0)连续
1?x2?y2excosye'cos0e?lim?? x?11?x2?y21?1?02y?o3.设f(x,y)在点(x0,y0)处有偏导数存在,则limh?o6.已知(x,y)?x2y?y2??(x)且
z(x,1)?x,则
?z= (A) ?xA .2xy?1?2x B.x2?2y C .?x?x?1 D.2xy?1?2x 解:(1)?z(x,1)?x2?1??(x)?x
2f(x0?2h,y0)?f(x0?h,y0)=(D)
hA .0 B.fx'(x0,y0) C.2fx'(x0,y0) D.3fx'(x0,y0) 解:原式=lim??(x)?x?x2?1
(2)z(x,y)?x2y?y2?x?x2?1 (3)
f(x0?2h,y0)?f(x0,y0)?2
h?o2hf(x0?h,y0)?f(x0,y0)?lim h?o?h'''?z?2xy?1?2x ?x1x?y?r222二、填空题(每小题4分,共24分) 7. z?R2?x2?y2?=2fx(x0,y0)?fx(x0,y0)?3fx(x0,y0) 4.z?f(x,y)偏导数存在是z?f(x,y)可微的 (B)
A.充分条件 B.必要条件 C.充分必要条件 D.无关条件 解:若z?f(x,y)可微,则
(0?r?R)的
定义域是
222??R?x?y?0解:??2 22??x?y?r?0?定义域D?(x,y)r2?x2?y2?R28.设f(x,y?)?z?z,存在, ?x?y??
反之成立,故偏导数存在是可微必要条件 5.函数z?e在点(1,1)的全微dz=(C) A .e(dx?dy) B.e(dx?dy) C .e(dx?dy) D.dx?dy 解:dz?e(ydx?xdy)在(1,1)
xy2xyxyx则?x(?y1)arcsinyfx'(x,1)= 解:(1)f(x,1)?x?0 (2)f'x(x,1)?(x)'?1 9. 设z?ln(1?x)则dzy(1,2)=
dz?e'(dx?dy)
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?z解:
?x(1,2)1??xy1?y1(1,2)
时,z?x求
2?z?z, ?y?x解:(1)?x2?x?f(3x)
?1y?x(1,2)1? 31??
6?f(3x)??z?ydz(1,2)??xy(x?y)(1,2)(1,2)11?dx?dy 3610.设z?f(x6?y6),f(u)可微,则 ?z= ?y112?3x???3x? 93121故有f(x)?x?x
93142(2)z?x?2y??3x?4y??x?y
93101?y?(3x?4y)2 39(3)
?z2?z108?(3x?4y),??(3x?4y) ?x3?y392y?z解:?f'(x6?y6)(x6?y6)'y
?y)arctan14.求z?xe?x(?1处的一阶偏导数,全微分 解:(1)?z(x,0)?x?故有
2y在点(1,0)x?z(x,0)?2x ?x?f'(x6?y6?(?6y5)??6y5f'(x6?y6)
11.u?x3y2在点(1,1)处,当?x?0.02,
?z?x(1,0)?2
y?y??0.01时的全微分是
解:du(1,1)(2)?z(1,y)?e??z(1,y)?ey ?y?3?x?2?y当
故
?x?0.02,?y??0.01时,其微分= 3?0.02?2?0.01?0.04
12.设u?f(x,xy,xyz),f可微,则 解:
?z?y(1,0)?e0?1 ?2dx?dy
x?u= ?x(3)dz(1,0)15.设z?(1?xy),求
?u?f1'?1?f2'?y?f3'?yz ?x?z?z,,dz ?x?y解:(1)lnz?xln(1?xy)
?f1'?yf2'?yzf3'
三、计算题(每小题8分,共64分) 13.已知z?x?2y?f(3x?4y),若y?0
95
(2)
?z1xy??ln(1?xy)? ?xz1?xy专业精神 诚信教育 同方专转本高等数学内部教材 严禁翻印
?z?x?(1?xy)x???ln(1?xy)?xy?1?xy?? ?z?x(1?xy)x?1?x?x2(1?xy)x?1?y dz?
xy)x???(ln(1?xy)?xyx2(1??1?xy)dx?1?xydy??
16.设z?f(y,x?z?zxy),求
?x,?y,dz 解:(1)?z?y1?x?f'1?x2?f'2?y
??yf'1'x21?yf2
(2)
?z?y?f'1?x1?x?f'2?y2 ?1xf'x'1?y2f2 (3)dz?(?yx2f'1'1?yf2)dx ?(1xf'?x'1y2f2)dy 17 设z?f(exsiny),f可微,求dz
解法(1):
?z?f'?(enxis)y'ynis?ex?xyf'?zy?f'?(exsiny)'y?excosyf'? dz?exf?(sinydx?cosydy)
解法(2):dz?f'(enxis)(nyis)dexy
?f'??sinydex?exdsiny?? ?f'??sinydx?excosydy??ex 18设z?f(2x?y,ysinx),其中f有二阶
连续偏导数,求?2z?x?y
解:(1)
?z?x?f'1?2?f'2?ycosx (2)?2z?x?y?2??f''11?(?1)?f''12?sinx?? ?cosxf'2?cosx?y??f''21?(?1)?f''22?sinx??
?cosxf'''2?2f11?ysinxcosxf''22 ?(2sinx?ycosx)f''12?f''12?f''21?
19.设 z?1xf(xy)?y?(x?y),其中f,?都有二阶连续偏导数,求?2z?x?y
解:(1)
?z?x??1xf?12xf'?y?y?'?1 (2)?2z??1'1y?x?yx2f?x?xf'?xf''?x
??'?y?''?yf''??'?y?''
20 设 u?f(x,y,xey),f有二阶连续偏导
?2数,求u?x?y
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解:(1)
?u?f1'?1?f2'?0?f3'?ey ?x?2xf1'?yexyf2'
?2z(2)?2x?f11''?(?2y)?f12''exy?x??? ?x?y''''xyf?(?2y)?fe?x???yexy??f2'+ye?2122?? y?2u(2)?f11''?0?f12''?1
?x?y?f13''?xey?eyf3'
''''''y?ey??f31?0?f32?1?f33?xe??
'xy''2xy''xyxy'=?4xyf11?2xef12?e?ye?xf2
???eyf3'?f12''?xeyf13''?eyf32''?xe2yf33''
四、综合题(每题10分,共20分) 21.若可微函数f(u)满足f'(u)?f(u)?e?u,计算
?2y2f21''?exy?xye2xyf22'' ?f12''?f21''
?2z'''' ?exy(xy?1)f2'?4xyf11?xye2xyf22?x?y''??2x2?2y2?exyf12
?xy?ef(xy)?? ?x?解:原式?yexyf(xy)?exyf'(xy)?y
?yexy(f(xy)?f'(xy))??f'(u)?f(u)?e?u?
'''' ?exy(xy?1)f2'?4xyf11?xye2xyf22''?2?x2?y2?exyf12
?原式?yexy?e?xy?y
?du注:另法:f(u)?e??e?u?eudu?c?
五、证明题(每小题9分,共18分) 23.设 z????x其中?可微,
?(x2?y2)?e?u?u?c??f(xy)?e?xy(xy?c)
原式?证明
?xy?xy?e?e(xy?c)??? ?x1?z1?zz??2 x?xy?yx??(xy?c)?y?0?y ?x?z??x?'?2x证明:(1) ??x?2?z0??'?(?2y)2xy?'(2) ?x?22?y??1??2x?'1?z1?zx2x?'???2 (3)
x?xy?y?2?97
22xy22. 设 z?f(x?y,e) f有二阶连续
?2z偏导数,求
?x?y解:(1)
?z?f1'?2x?f2'?exy?y ?x专业精神 诚信教育 同方专转本高等数学内部教材 严禁翻印
?1x??zx2 24.设z?ln(ex?ey),证明
?2z22?x2??z?z2?y2?(?x?y) )?zex?zey解:(1?x?ex?ey,?y?ex?ey ?2zex(ex?ey)?ex?ex(2)?2x2?(ex?ey)2 ?ex?ey(ex?ey)2 由轮换对称性知, ?2z?y2?ex?ey(ex?ey)2 ?2z0?ex?ey?ex?ey(3)?x?y?(ex?ey)2?(ex?ey)2 故有?2z?2z?2z2?x2??y2?(?x?y)
选做题
证明 z?excosy满足?2z?2z?x2??y2=0
证:
?z?x?excosy ,?z?y?ex(?siny) ?2z?x2?excosy,?2z?y2?ex(?cosy) 故有?2z?2zx?x?y?ecosy?ex2?2cosy?0
第十五讲:隐函数偏导数求法及偏导数应用的强化练习题
答案
一、单项选择题(每小题4分,共24分) 1.设f'x(x0,y0)?f'y(x0,y0)?0则(x0,y0)是f(x,y)的 (C) A. 极小值点 B. 极大值点
C. 驻点 D.最大值点
解:使f''x(x0,y0)?0,fy(x0,y0)?0同时成立
的点(x0,y0),称为f(x,y)的驻点 2.函数f(x,y)?x2?3y2?2x?6y?2的驻点是 (A)
A . (1,-1) B. (-1,-1) C . (1,1) D. (-1,1) 解:?f''x?2x?2令fx?0,得x?1 又?f''y?6y?6?0令fy?0得y??1
?f(x,y)的驻点(1,?1)
3.下列命题正确的是 (C) A .函数z?f(x,y)的极值点一定是驻点
B. 函数z?f(x,y)的驻点一定是极值点 C. 可微函数z?f(x,y)的极值点一定是
z?f(x,y)的驻点
D.可微函数
z?f(x,y)的驻点一定是z?f(x,y)的极
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