4b2??1所以三角形的面积为定值. 2|b|
17.【解】 (1)F(-c,0),B(0,3a),∵kBF=3,kBC=-圆M与直线l1:x+3u+3=0相切,
3,C(3c,0) 且圆M的方程为(x-c)2+y2=4c2,31?c?3?0?3∴
1?3x2y2?2c,解得c=1,∴所求的椭圆方程为??1
43(2) 点A的坐标为(-2,0),圆M的方程为(x-1)2+y2=4,
过点A斜率不存在的直线与圆不相交,设直线l2的方程为y=k(x+2), ∵MP?MQ??2,又MP?MQ?2,∴cos
2MP?MQMP?MQ∴∠PMQ=120°,圆心M到直线l2的距离d=
k?2k21?1,∴k=? r?1,所以
242k?1所求直线的方程为x×22y+2=0.
x2y218.【解】(1)如图建系,设椭圆方程为2?2?1(a?b?0),则c?1
ab又∵AF?FB?1即
2(a?c)?(a?c)?1?a2?c2
x2?y2?1 ∴a?2 故椭圆方程为2 (2)假设存在直线l交椭圆于P,Q两点,且F恰为?PQM的垂心,则设
P(x)M(0,1),F(1,0),故kPQ?1, 1,y1),Q(x2,y2,∵?y?x?m于是设直线l为 y?x?m,由?2得 2x?2y?2?3x2?4mx?2m2?2?0????????MP?FQ?0?x1(x2?1)?y2(y1?1)
又
∵
yi?xi?m(i?1,2) 得
x1(x2?1)?(x2?m)(x1?m?1)?0 即
2x1x2?(x1?x2)(m?1)?m2?m?0 由韦达定理得
2m2?24m2??(m?1)?m2?m?0
33解得m44??或m?1(舍) 经检验m??符合条件
3319. 【解】
x2y23(1)设椭圆方程为2?2?1,因为e?,所以a2?4b2,ab2161
又椭圆过点M(4,1),所以2?2?1,解得b2?5,a2?20,abx2y2故椭圆方程为??1.205x2y2(2)将y?x?m代入??1并整理得5x2?8mx?4m2?20?0.
205??(8m)2?20(4m2?20)?0,得?5?m?5.(3)设直线MA,MB斜率分别为k1和k2,只要证k1?k2?0.8m4m2?20设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),则x1?x2??,x1x2?. 55y?1y2?1(y1?1)(x2?4)?(y2?1)(x1?4)k1?k2?1??x1?4x2?4(x1?4)(x2?4)分子?(x1?m?1)(x2?4)?(x2?m?1)(x1?4)?2x1x2?(m?5)(x1?x2)?8(m?1)2(4m2?20)8m(m?5)???8(m?1)?0,55因此MA,MB与x轴所围的三角形为等腰三角形. ?????????y20.【解】 (1)设N(x,y),则由MN?2MP得P为MN中点,所以M(?x,0),P(0,)
2?????????yy 又PM?PF得PM?PF?0,PM?(?x,?),PF?(1,?),
22所以y?4x(x?0)
(2)由(1)知F(1,0)为曲线C的焦点,由抛物线定义知,抛物线上任一点P0(x0,y0)到F
的距离等于其到准线的距离,即|P0F|?x0?2
p,所以2|AF|?x1?ppp,|BF|?x2?,|DF|?x3?, 222根据|AF|,|BF|,|DF|成等差数列,得x1?x3?2x2,
直线AD的斜率为
y3?y1y?y14?23?, 2x3?x1y1?y3y3y?144所以AD中垂线方程为y??y1?y3(x?3), 4又AD中点(所以点B(1,?2).
x1?x3y1?y3x?x,)在直线上,代入上式得13?1,即x2?1, 22221.【解】(1)设P(x,y)代入|PC|?|BC|?PB?CB得(x?1)2?y2?1?x,化简得y2?4x. (5分)
(2)将A(m,2)代入y2?4x得m?1,?点A的坐标为(1,2). (6分) 设直线DE的方程为x?my?t代入y2?4x,得y2?4mt?4t?0,
设D(x1,y1),E(x2,y2)则y1?y2?4m,y1?y2??4t,??(?4m)2?16t?(0*) (9分) ?AD?AE?(x1?1)(x2?1)?(y1?2)(y2?2)?x1x2?(x1?x2)?1?y1?y2?2(y1?y2)?4
22y12y2y12y2???(?)?y1?y2?2(y1?y2)?5 4444
(y1?y2)2(y1?y2)2?2y1?y2???y1?y2?2(y1?y2)?5
164(?4t)2(4m)2?2(?4t)???(?4t)?2(4m)?5?0化简得t2?6t?5?4m2?8m(11分)
1642即t2?6t?9?4m2?8m?4即(t?3)?4(m?1)2?t?3??2(m?1)
?t?2m?5或t??2m?1,代入(*)式检验均满足??0 (13分) ?直线DE的方程为x?m(y?2)?5或x?m(y?2)?1 ?直线DE过定点(5,?2).(定点(1,2)不满足题意) (15分)
22.【解】 (1)设椭圆方程为mx?my?1(m?0,n?0),
将A(?2,0)、B(2,0)、C(1,)代入椭圆E的方程,得
2232?4m?1,x2y211???1 解得m?,n?. ∴椭圆E的方程?94343m?n?1??4(2)|FH|?2,设?DFH边上的高为S?DFH?
1?2?h?h 2当点D在椭圆的上顶点时,h最大为3,所以S?DFH的最大值为3. 设?DFH的内切圆的半径为R,因为?DFH的周长为定值6.所以
1R?6?S?DFH, 2
所以R的最大值为33.所以内切圆圆心的坐标为(0,) 33x2y2(3)法一:将直线l:y?k(x?1)代入椭圆E的方程??1并整理.
43得(3?4k)x?8kx?4(k?3)?0. 设直线l与椭圆E的交点M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),
222214(k2?3)由根系数的关系,得x1?x2?. ,x1x2?223?4k3?4k直线AM的方程为:y?y1(x?2),它与直线x?4的交点坐标为 x1?2p(4,6y12y2),同理可求得直线BN与直线x?4的交点坐标为Q(4,). x1?2x2?2下面证明P、Q两点重合,即证明P、Q两点的纵坐标相等:
?y1?k(x1?1),y2?k(x2?1),
?6y12y26k(x1?1)?(x2?2)?2k(x2?1)(x1?2)?? x1?2x2?2(x1?2)(x2?2)?8(k2?3)40k2?2k???8?3?4k23?4k22k[2x1x2?5(x1?x2)?8]???0
??(x1?2)(x2?2)(x1?2)(x2?2)因此结论成立.
综上可知.直线AM与直线BN的交点住直线x?4上.
法二:直线AM的方程为:y?
(16分)
y1k(x1?1)(x?2),即y?(x?2) x1?2x1?2y2k(x2?1)(x?2),即y?(x?2) x2?2x2?2由直线AM的方程为:y?由直线AM与直线BN的方程消去y,得
x?2(x1x2?3x1?x2)2[2x1x2?3(x1?x2)?4x2] ?x1?3x2?4(x1?x2)?2x2?4
?8(k2?3)24k2?2???4x2?223?4k3?4k????28k?4?2x23?4k2?4k2?6?4???x2?23?4k???4 24k?6??x223?4k∴直线AM与直线BN的交点在直线x?4上. 23.解:(1)焦点F?1,0?,过抛物线的焦点且倾斜角为
?p的直线方程是y?x? 42?y2?2px2p2p?2由?
p?x?3px?4?0?xA?xB?3p,xAxB?4?AB?xA?xB?p?4p?y?x?2? ( 或 AB?2psin2?4?4p )
(2)cos?AOB?AO?BO?AB2AOBO222x?yA?xB?yB??xA?xB???yA?yB?
?A22222xA?yAxB?yB222222???? ??xxAxB?yAyB2A?yA2??x2B?yB2??pp22xAxB??xA?xB??341 24??41xAxBxAxB?2p?xA?xB??4p2??∴?AOB的大小是与p无关的定值,?AOB???arccos341
4124.[解]:(1)由于点(3,3(3))在椭圆上,2?2a2(32)2?1b2 2a=4,
x2y2椭圆C的方程为 ??143焦点坐标分别为(-1,0) ,(1,0)
(2)设KF1的中点为B(x, y)则点K(2x?1,2y)
x2y2把K的坐标代入椭圆??143(2x?1)2(2y)2中得??143
12y2线段KF1的中点B的轨迹方程为(x?)??1
324(3)过原点的直线L与椭圆相交的两点M,N关于坐标原点对称
设M(x0,y0)N(?x0,?y0),p(x,y)
x02y02x2y2M,N,P在椭圆上,应满足椭圆方程,得2?2?1,2?2?1
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