62.relocate搬迁
63.telecommute在家上班
64.leisure、recreation、amusement、entertainment 休闲、娱乐 65.laissez-faire management 宽松的管理 66.operating costs 运营成本 67.human resource人力资源 68.depression 抑郁症
69.sleeplessness、sleep-deprivation 失眠症
70.population explosion、population boom人口爆炸 71.family planning、birth control控制人口 72.gender equality两性平等
73.gender discrimination 性别歧视
74.a progressive\\enlightening society一个开明的社会 75.be tied down by household chores被家务事拖累 76.child bearing生育孩子 77.child rearing 抚养孩子 78.the elderly 老年人
79.family bonds\\ties家庭成员间的情感纽带 80. single-parent family单亲家庭
81. domestic\\family violence 家庭暴力
? 句子翻译：
公民健康和政府以及社会的关系
公民的健康状况直接关系到学习和工作的效率，从而决定整个社会的发展进度。The health condition of the citizens has a direct relationship with the learning and working efficiency, thereby deciding the progress rate of the whole society.
良好的社会健康状况可以让政府减少对于公共医疗事业的投资，从而把更多的精力放在一些关键项目上，例如教育和公共交通。
A high-quality health condition may decrease the government investment in medical care，therefore the government can attract more attention from medical expense to education and public transportation.
提高国民的健康状况是政府的一大职责，提高公民的整体健康状况才能树立政府的良好形象。
Being the critical obligation of the government, only by improving the health condition of the whole nation can the authorities build up a good image.
现代生活让人们压力增大，就业的、升学的和生存的问题等。
Modern life increases people’s pressure, including employment, attending schools and
survival problems.
人们为了适应竞争，需要不断接受教育和培训。
To adapt to competition, people have to receive education and on-the-job training.
人与人之间的情感减弱是现代社会的一个趋势。
The alienation between family members is an irreversible（不可逆转）/inevitable trend.
现代社会人更加关注自身的发展。
People tend to pay more attention to their self-development.
人们追求时装的原因: 经济发展的产物：收入增加，让人们可以购买不同的衣服（expand the range of clothes worn）
现在的人们越来越个人化（individualistic），时装是一种表现自我的方式（a form of self-expression），可以展现人的性格、心情和审美观（personality, mood and aesthetic appreciation）。
全球化的产物：全球化促进了各种文化的融合（mixture of different cultures），时装设计师可以从不同文化中获得灵感（draw up the inspiration from different costumes），人们接触不同文化的机会增加(exposure to different cultures)，因此他们接受时装就更加大胆（become bold fashion wearers） 支持追求潮流的观点：
创造新的经济增长点和就业机会stimulate consumption. make contribution to the development of economy
新时代的时尚fashion in the new era不一定意味着高消费，也并非一定穿着某种款式的衣服，充分考虑了消费者的需求consider the consumer demand fully，不象人们想的那样肤浅not as superficial as some people think
时装是自我表达的一种体现 a means of self-expression，表现人的性格和喜好reflect one’s personality or likes让人们在生活中体验不同的角色allow people to try on many roles in life，同时使得世界更加多样化make world diversified 反对追求潮流的观点：
潮流变化太快，盲目追求时尚可能造成过度消费Following fashion blindly may cause excessive consumption，从而导致浪费，成为购物狂shopaholic或者fashion victims，忽略质量neglect the quality等
失去自己的判断和喜好dwell too much on what others think
导致人们将衣服和地位、社会阶层还有财富联系在一起associate clothing with status, social class and wealth,造成歧视discrimination。
可能导致产业内的恶性竞争 deteriorating competition
第五节 犯罪类及媒体类
犯罪类
? 相关短语
1.commit a crime犯罪
2.break\\violate\\disobey the law触犯法律 3.offence、crimes、criminal acts罪行 4.criminal、offenders罪犯 5.accomplice、accessory从犯
6.resent society、hold a grudge against society憎恨社会 7.victims受害者 8.trauma 心理创伤 9.prison监狱 10.cell牢房
11.imprison someone监禁
12.be brought to justice被绳之以法 13.reform criminals 改造罪犯
14.law enforcement agencies执法部门 15.heinous\\flagitious crime、felony重罪 16.petty crime轻罪
17.first-time offenders初犯者 18.hardened offenders惯犯 19.revert to crime再次犯罪
20.track down、hunt down、 capture抓捕
21.abide by the law 、comply with the law遵守法律 22.law-abiding citizens守法公民
23.boost the sense of safety增强安全意识
24.reinforce the police force and increase patrol增强警力和巡逻 25.miscarriges of justice执法不公 26.deterrent effect震慑作用
27.a sign of the triumph of good over evil正义战胜邪恶象征 28.being closely monitored 受到严格监控 29. violate one’s basic rights侵犯基本权利 30.restrict freedom限制自由 31.invade privacy侵犯隐私
32.alert people to the risk of being victimized by crime提高人们对于犯罪的警惕 33.robbery 抢劫 34.hijack绑架 35.rape强奸
36.shoplift商店偷窃(shoplifter商店偷窃者)
37.smuggle走私
38.drug trafficking贩毒（traffic in sth非法交易） 39. crime of intentional injury 故意伤害罪 40.offenses of homicide\\murder杀人罪
? 句子翻译：
犯罪的原因：
客观上objective：经济上的拮据和生活所迫be in desperate financial straits/be short of money，家庭的负面影响negative influence from family members
媒体的负面影响和误导the negative influence from the media (进行举例)
主观上subjective：心理不正常abnormal psychology and behavior 性格缺陷character flaw
年轻人犯罪往往是因为同伴的压力和一时冲动。
The youth tend to commit a crime because of peer pressure and sometimes are on the spur of the moment.
惩罚的方式： 监狱:
预防罪犯再犯罪，尤其是惯犯 prevent the criminals from recommitment especially\\in particular\\particularly habitual criminals
罪犯在监狱的行为受到监控不会对外界造成伤害。
The criminals’ behaviors may be closely monitored and would not cause damage to the outside world.
抚慰受害者comfort victims
是正义战胜邪恶的象征 a sign of the triumph of justice over evil
有震慑作用，可以警示潜在的犯罪人。
The deterrent effects may warn the potential criminals from committing crimes.
教育、培训、心理辅导：
改造罪犯最文明的方式是教育。心理治疗和感化最好被采取，这是文明社会的标志。 It is the best way to correct the criminals by education.Psychological treatment and inspiration are better to be taken，which is the symbol of a civilized society.
一个文明的社会是以高的文化率和低的犯罪率为特征的。
A civilized society is characterized by\\noted for a high literacy rate and low crime rate.
符合人权be according to the human right.
帮助犯人掌握自食其力的技能，让罪犯可以在出狱后为社会做贡献，弥补过错。 Through education they can master some skills to support themselves\\earn their bread\\make a living and can make contributions to the society to repair their mistakes.
预防犯罪的措施：
加强自我保护意识The awareness of self-protection should be enhanced.
完善法律体系perfect\\better legal system. Especially, betterment should be done to the Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Law, which may basically guarantee the life right and property right. 加大法制宣传
enlarge the scope of legal advocating
make more and more people to known law better
As a case in point, some related authorities and organizations could take some efforts to promote people's legal awareness and encourage them to combat social evils.
青少年犯罪增多的原因： 家庭方面：
不稳定的家庭生活unstable family life,单亲家庭增多single-parent households，孩子情感需求无法得到满足emotional needs left unattended
父母对孩子的教育不够妥善improper parental care，过分溺爱孩子。
家庭暴力导致其走向暴力和犯罪。甚至有些家长虐待孩子，将其作为发泄的工具more and more parents show an inclination to abuse their children and treat them as an outlet of stress 教育方面：
获得教育的机会不够limited access to education,小孩没有得到及时正确的引导导致其产生不良行为serious misconduct 社会方面：
媒体暴力media violence(Many studies have made it clear that the upsurge in televised violence and the video games that have violence as the main theme is closely linked to young adults’ aggressive behaviors)、失业率unemployment rate、同龄群体的影响delinquent peer group;年轻人对物质财富、奢侈的生活方式的强烈追求a strong desire for material wealth and luxury lifestyles导致其不择手段illegitimate means。 解决方法：
家庭方面：关注孩子的成长，采取正确的教育方式。
教育方面：提供良好的教育机会和环境provide favorable educational opportunities and environment 社会方面：为年轻人提供更多的就业机会provide more job opportunities树立良好的社会风气