those + three + beautiful + large + square old + brown + wood + table
限定词的排列顺序为: all/both/half/double /倍数词/分数词+冠词/指示代词/物主代词/名词所有格/ some/any/no/every/each +基数词/序数词
/little/few/last/next/other/another/more, 形容词的排列顺序为:大小、长短、高低、新旧、颜色、国籍、材料、用途、类别等。如:
1. He is a kind honest old man.
2. This useless old geography book doesn't belong to me.
3. My house is finished with three comfortable dark brown chairs. 特别提示:
①在表示“另、再、又”的意义时通常用“ another +数词+名词”或“数词+ more /other+名词”的词序排列。
② 当 such 与 some, any, no, every ,each, all, another, other, several, few, many, one, two 等连用时, such须置于这些词后。
【记忆诀窍1】记忆歌诀: 限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新旧; 颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。
其中,“限定词”包括:冠词、物主代词、指示代词、或数词,它位于各类形容词前。它本身分为三位,即:前、中、后。前位限定词有all、half、both、分数和倍数;中位限定词有冠词、指示代词、物主代词等;后位限定词有基数词和序数词,但序数词位于基数词前。如:both my hands、all half his income等。“描绘”性形容词如:beautiful、bad、cold、great等。“大长高”表示大小、长短、高低等一些词。表示“形状”的词如:round square等。“国籍”指一个国家或地区的词。“材料”的词如:wooden, woolen, stone,silk等。“作用类别”的词如:medical, college,writing desk,police car等。
a small round table a tall gray building a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school an expensive Japanese sports car
【记忆诀窍2】同音联想法:限定词+观点性形容词+表形状、大小的形容词+表年龄、新旧的形容词+表颜色的形容词+表国家产地的形容词+表示材料的形容词+被修饰的名词 缩短简化为:“县官行令杀国才。”
县:限定词----all/ both/such ;one's(his/ my/our) the / that/ this/ these;first/ second;one/ two
官:观点性形容词----good, beautiful, lively 行:形状、大小----long, round, big, small 令:年龄、新旧----old, young, new 杀:颜色----red, yellow, white
国:国籍、产地、出处----Chinese, Japanese 才:物质、材料----cotton, metal
巧记1:第一限定词:all/ both/such (三大第一限定词,一定放在最前面)第二限定词:his/ my/ the / that/ this/ these 第三限定词 :first/ second…. last 第四限定词: one/ two… some/ little/ few/ much/ many/ enough
如:last few sunny days. all his three boys, all that much. 顺口溜:总县(限)官,大行(形)令(龄),杀(色)国才(材),目的用途名词前。
如:all the first three good little young Chinese student writers(所有首批三位个子矮小年轻优秀的中国学生作家)
such位于不定冠词a/an之前,位于no,some,many,few,one,two等数词之后。 【历届考题链接】
1.Tony is going camping with ____ boys.(93)
A. little two B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two
2.The husband gave his wife _____ every month in order to please her.(重庆2004) A. all half his income B. his half all income C. half his all income D. all his half income 3.--How was your recent visit to Qingdao?
--It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the ______days at the seaside. (NMET95)
A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. last few sunny 4.This ____ girl is Linda's cousin.(2005北京)
A. pretty little Spanish B. Spanish little pretty C. Spanish pretty little D. little pretty Spanish
5. _____ students are required to take part in the boat race. (浙江2004-24) A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese 6.Radio, television and press ______of conveying news and information.
A are the most three common means B are the most common three means C are the three most common means D are three the most common means 7. John Smith, a successful businessman, has a _____ car. (辽宁2004-22) A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white
8. The _____ house smells as if it hasn’t been lived in for years. (江苏2004) A. little white wooden B. little wooden white C. white wooden little D. wooden white little Keys: 1-5 CABAA 6-10.CBA
6.本题考查名词修饰语的顺序,一般定冠词应放在最前面,数词应放在其他形容词的前面,故答案为C。 【备考押题】
1.—Do you need anything else ? --Yes,we still need ______aircraft. A. more two B. two more
C. other two pieces of D. two other pieces of 2.We drink ______coffee at the cafe.
A. very good hot B. some very hot good
C. some very good hot D. some good very hot
3.He saw nothing but a ______table in the farm house. A. round small wooden B. small round wooden C. round wooden small D. small wooden round
4. When I was a child my grandmother told me______ stories. A. many such funny B. such many funny C. many funny such D. funny many such
5. One day they crossed the ____bridge behind the palace.
A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old
6.This accident took place on a ________ morning in September. A. Sunday cold rainy B. rainy Sunday cold C. rainy cold Sunday D. cold rainy Sunday 7.—Can I help you?
—Well, l'd like to buy a handbag. A.black small shiny silk B.small shiny black silk C.silk black shiny small D. shiny black small silk 8. John’s mother bought her a skirt on her birthday. A. Chinese beautiful blue silk B. Chinese blue beautiful silk C. beautiful blue Chinese silk D. beautiful blue silk Chinese 9.-- Will you please ________ the new teacher for us?
-- I’m glad to. He’s a ________ man with good manners.
A. describe, handsome tall young B. introduce, tall young handsome C. say, handsome young tall D. tell, young handsome tall 10.You’d better think of ________ possibilities before doing it. A. such these B. these all C. all such D. such all Keys:1-5 BCCAA 6-10 DBCAC
Walking and running are the oldest, and the newest, excellent ________ exercise for all ages and fitness levels.
A. bodies shaping B. body’s shape C. bodies shaped D. body shaping
D 12.body和shaping均作定语修饰exercise,body是名词作定语表示类别,shaping是动名词作定语,表示性能或用途。
6.1.4形容词作后置定语
形容词是表示人或事物的性质、特征或属性的一类词。它在句中可以充当定语,对名词起修饰、描绘作用,还可以充当表语、宾语补足语等。形容词作定语修饰名词时,一般放在被修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。但有时也可放在被修饰名词之后,称作后置定语。
下面对形容词作后置定语的情形作一归纳,供同学们复习时参考。 常见的几种修饰语后置的情况:
【考点5】后置定语 【考点5.1】enough
【最新考例】NMET2000单项填空的第8题:
________ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave
【透视】考查enough作副词时修饰形容词的位置。由于本题中的enough是副词,所以要置于被修饰的形容词brave之后,整个形容词短语brave enough to take this adventure course作后置定语,修饰名词Students,全句的意思是:有足够勇气选修这门历险课程的学生将会学到很多有用的技能。故答案应选C。
【历届链接】
1.--Mum, I think I'm ________ to get back to school.(NMET93)
--Not really, my dear. You'd better stay at home for another day or two. A. so well B. so good C. well enough D. good enough
2. If I had ________, I'd visit Europe stopping at all the small interesting places. (NMET98)
A. a long enough holiday B. an enough long holiday C. a holiday enough long D. a long holiday enough
3._______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. (04上海春季)
A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange (Key:CAA)
【超链接】enough是现行教材中较为活跃的一个词,是历年教学大纲和高考考纲中的重点词汇,更是高考命题的热点词汇。下面从其词性入手,结合历年高考试题对其用法进行剖析,希望同学们能更好地掌握。 一、enough可以作名词、代词,意思是\足够;充分\。作代词可以代替可数名词或不可数名词,在句中作主语或宾语。如:
1. Enough has been said on this subject. 关于这一问题说得已经足够多的了。 2. No, thanks. I've had enough. 不,谢谢。我已吃饱了。(enough=enough food)
【注意】当enough后的名词前有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或其本身就是代词时,要用介词of。如:
We've had enough of your coldness. 我们已经受够了你的冷漠。
二、enough作形容词,意思是\足够的;充分的\,常与for或不定式连用,可以作定语或表语。作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均可,前置时强调enough,后置时强调被修饰词。如:
1. (NMET95第22题题干) I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have ______.
2. Five men will be quite enough. 五个人就足够了。
三、enough作副词的意思是 \十分地;充分地;足够地;充足地\,置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后,常与不定式或介词for连用 ,在句子中作状语,表示程度。如:
3. When they reached the burning building they found that their ladders were not long enough to reach the people who were trapped. 当他们靠近烈火熊熊的大楼时,他们发现梯子不够长,够不着那些被火围困的人。
4. (NMET95第26题题干) -You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
四、enough作感叹词时意思是\够了;停止;住手;不要再继续了\,用以表达不耐烦或恼怒。如: You've been practising the violin all afternoon. Enough! 你整个下午都在练小提琴。够了!
五、用在\主语+cannot...+enough\句型中该句型形式上是否定句型,实际上表达的是肯定意义,意思是\再……也不过分;越……越……\。如:
I cannot thank you enough. 我对你感激不尽。(我怎么感谢你都不算过分。) 六、enough还可以用于以下的短语中 1. sure enough 果真;确实。如:
He said he would come, and sure enough he came. 他说要来,果然来了。 2. well enough 还不错; 还可以; 相当; 很; 极。如: You know well enough. (口)你明明知道。(你心里明白。)
3. be good / kind enough to do sth. 劳驾; 务请做某事。如: Be good / kind enough to reply early. 请早日赐复。 【精练】
1.I have ______ to tell you.
A. something good enough B. something enough good C. enough good something D. good enough something 2.Do you have ______ to lend me to buy the book? A. enough money B. money well C. many enough D. money much
3.They found there was ________ to press on the top.
A. heavy enough nothing B. nothing heavy enough C. nothing enough big D. enough nothing big keys : AAB
【考点5.2】形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后 【考例】(广东省,2003)
There is ____ with my computer. It doesn’ t work. A. nothing wrong B. anything wrong
C. wrong something D. something wrong 【透视】本题考查形容词与不定代词的位置关系,形容词修饰不定代词应放在不定代词之后,而anything用于否定句和疑问句,由It doesn’t work故知选D
【超链接】当形容词修饰由every-,some-,any-,no-,加body,one,thing等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如:
Have you ever met anyone famous?你曾经见过名人吗?
He did everything possible to help us.他做了一切可能做的来帮助我们。 There is something wrong with the computer.这台电脑出了毛病。
注意:若something前面有定冠词修饰,形容词不再后置。例如:There,on the table, was the mysterious something that they had been looking for.看,在桌子上,正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。
【考点5.3】形容词组作定语须后置,其功能相当于一个定语从句。例如:
They are the boys easiest to teach.他们是最容易教的孩子。(划线部分相当于who are easiest to teach)
The basket full of some fruits belongs to the old woman.盛满各种水果的这个篮子是这位老妇人的。(划线部分相当于 which is full of some fruits)
Those brave enough to take the course must be the top students in the grade.那些敢于专修这门课程的学生一定是本年级的尖子生。(划线部分相当于 who are brave enough) 【考点5.4】两个形容词用and或 or连接作定语,进一步说明被修饰名词的作用,此时须后置。例如: Power stations,large and small,have been set up all over the country.大大小小的水电站已经在全国各地兴建起来。(划线部分相当于 which are large and small)
Every book,new or old,should be put in the room.不论新书还是旧书都应该放在这个房间里。(划线部分相当于which are new or old)
【考点5.5】形容词else常位于不定代词或疑问代词后作定语。例如: Anything else I can do for you?我能为你做些别的事情吗? What else did they say?他们还说了些什么? 【考例 】