able to read. 這個嬰兒打開書本彷彿他會念書。 The nurse attends on the patient as if he were her father.
這護士照顧這位病人彷彿在照顧她爸爸似的。 He ran into the room as if he had seen something terrible. 他跑進屋子，彷彿他看到什麼可怕的東西。
She looks as if nothing had happened to her. 她當時看起來好像什麼事都沒發生似的。
It seems/looks as if ...
結構︰It seems／looks as if…
說明︰此句型意為\似乎…\。本句型中的 as if <子句>可用以表示事實，或<假設語氣>。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 好像要下雨了。
It seems as if he knows everything. 他似乎是個萬事通。 It seems as if he knew everything, but in reality, he is as stupid as can be. 他似乎是個萬事通。其實他是再愚蠢不過了。
It looks as if she had just come back from outer space.
她看起來彷彿剛從外太空回來似的。 It seemed as if he had finished the work. 他似乎已經完成了這個工作。
It seemed as if he would never finish the work. 他似乎永遠完成不了這個工作。 If it were not for ...
結構︰if it were not for＋名詞／子句，主詞＋would／should 等＋原形動詞…
說明︰此句型意為\若非（有）…\。此類句構專門用於表示與現在事實相反的<假設語氣>。亦可用\＋<名詞>\或\＋<名詞>\代替。were 可以提前，省略 if，如例句3。
If it were not for his presence, I would punish you. 要不是他在場，我會處罰你的。
But for your advice, I should have failed. 要不是你的忠告，我會失敗的。 But for music (=Were it not for music), life would be dull. 要不是音樂，人生會很無聊。 If it were not for oxygen and nitrogen in the air, no man could live on the earth. 大氣中如果沒有氧和氮，人就無法生存於地球了。
Without air, all living things would die. 若非空氣，所有的生物都會死亡。 Without newspaper, we would get behind the times. 要不是報紙，我們都趕不上時代了。 I should be lonely, were it not for the birds and the flowers. 我會寂寞，若非有鳥也有花。
Were it not for his help, I could not finish the work.若非有他的幫助，我就不能完成這件工作。
Were it not for science, we could not live a comfortable live.
若非科學，我們無法過著舒適的生活。 If it had not been for ... 結構︰if it had not been for＋名詞／子句，主詞＋would／should 等＋原形動詞…
說明︰此句型意為\若非（有）…\。此類句構專門用於表示與過去事實相反的<假設語氣>。 If it had not been for his help, I should have failed. 如果沒有他的幫忙，我應該已經失敗。
Had it not been for your timely help, our company would have been on the verge of bankruptcy. 若非你及時伸出援助之手，本公司將會瀕臨破產的邊緣。
If it had not been for these experiments, the improvement of the machine would have been impossible. 要不是這些實驗，這部機器也許就不可能改良了。
Had it not been for the kind guide, I might have got lost in the mountains. 要不是這位好心的嚮導，我可能就在山中迷路了。
If it had not been that he was here, I would have punished you.
要不是他在場，我當時就會處罰你。 I demand/insist that ...
結構︰主詞1＋意志動詞（demand／insist 等）＋（that）＋主詞2＋（should）＋原形動詞
說明︰意志<動詞>有四類：建議（suggest，
recommend，propose，advise，urge 等），要求（desire， ask，demand，require，request，maintain，insist 等），命令（order，command 等），規定（ rule，regulate，stipulate 等）。其後接 that-<子句>時，該<子句>裡的<動詞>要用原形或\＋<動詞>\。美式英語通常省略 should。
The committee moved that the meeting (should) be adjourned. 委員提議休會。 His parents demanded that he (should) be back by ten. 他的父母要求他十點以前回家。
The employees demand that their salaries be raised. 員工們要求加薪。 They ruled that the law (should) not be imposed. 他們規定不應加重法律。
His father ordered that he (should) keep a diary in English.
他的父親規定他要用英文寫日記。 My mother encouraged me and insisted that I continue my education. 我媽媽鼓勵我，而且堅持我應該繼續我的教育。
He insisted that I (should) apologize to her. 他堅持我應該向她道歉。
Recently, many states have insisted that high schools teach students how to drive.
最近，許多州堅持中學應該教學生如何開車。
His father insisted that they (should) move to the country. 他爸爸堅持他們應該搬到鄉下。
It is proper ... that ...
結構︰It is＋意志形容詞（important 等）＋（that）＋主詞＋（should）＋原形動詞 說明︰意志<形容詞>包括 important，necessary，imperative，essential，urgent，desirable， advisable，recommendable，proper 等。that-<子句>中只能用<助動詞> should，不可用 must，而 should 往往予以省略。
It is necessary that he (should) sort out the information for my reference. 他有必要整理些資料供我參考。
It is essential that he get up early. 他有必要早起。 It is urgent that food and clothing (should) be sent to the sufferers. 急需將食物和衣服送給災民。 It is desirable that we (should) provide for the poor at Christmas. 在聖誕節施捨窮人是可喜的事。
It is important that he be quiet. 他該保持安靜是有必要的。 It is important that he not do it. 他不該做那事是有必要的。
It is requested that all members be present at the party. 全體會員都被要求出席這次晚會。
It is proper that such a bad man be punished severely. 這麼壞的人受重罰是應該的。
Imperative Sentence + Conj. + Main Clause 結構︰祈使句＋連接詞＋主句
說明︰<祈使句>表示須具備的條件，主句表示可能的結果。<祈使句>代替 if 子句進行評說，提出要求，訂立協議，提供建議或威脅等。<祈使句>的用法比 if 子句表示的更為緊迫。 Provide the materials and we'll do the job. 提供材料，我們就做這活。
Stop shouting or you'll wake up the neighbors. 不要喊了，否則你會把鄰居吵醒的。
Put that down or else I'll smack you. 把它放下，不然我就揍你。
Be there on time, otherwise you'll create a bad impression.
要準時來，否則你會給人一個壞的印象。 Fail to pay and they'll cut off the electricity. 你（如果）不付款，他們就要斷電。
Stop eating sweets, or you won't get any dinner. 你如果不停止吃糖，你就不要吃飯。 Unless ...
結構︰Unless＋子句，主要子句
說明︰此句型意為\除非…\。unless 引導一個否定假設句，相當於 if ... not ...，有時可以互換使用。總體上看，unless 的語氣強於 if ... not ...，而且有時較為常用，例如在最後通牒中。
Unless you change your mind (=If you don't change you mind), I won't be able to
help you.
除非你改變你的想法，否則我不能幫助你。
Unless the management improves their offer, there'll be a strike. 除非資方做出進一步的建議，否則將舉行罷工。
I couldn't have got to the meeting on time － unless I had caught an earlier train.
我不可能及時趕到會場，除非我趕上了較找的一班火車。
Provided/Providing (that) ....
結構︰Provided／provided（that）＋子句，S＋V ...
說明︰此句型意為\如果…\。
Provided/Providing (that) 引導假設條件句，其功能相當於 if。
Provided/Providing (that) you clear your desk by this evening, you can have tomorrow off.
如果你到今晚把手頭上的工作做完，你明天就可以休息。 As/So long as ...
結構︰As/So long as ＋子句，S＋V ... 說明︰此句型意為\如果…，只要…\。As/So long as引導一個條件假設句，其功能相當於 if。
So (As) long as you clear your desk by this evening, you can have tomorrow leave. 如果你到今晚把手頭上的工作做完，你明天就可以休息。
As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. 如果你開車小心，你就會很安全。
You may eat anything, so long as you don't eat too much.
只要不吃得太多，你可以吃任何東西。 As long as live, I will help you. 只要我活著，我都會幫助你。
As long as you don't betray me, I'll do whatever you ask me to (do).
只要你不出賣我，要我做什麼我都願意。
We'll ship the goods at an early time as long as there is a steamer.只要有船，我們就盡早裝貨。 You will never be good students so long as you goof around. 如果你們成天游手好閒，就永遠也成不了好學生。
Suppose/Supposing (that) ...
結構︰Suppose/Supposing （that）＋子句，S＋V ...
說明︰此句型意為\如果…，假使…\。Suppose/Supposing (that) 引導假設條件句，其功能相當於 if。
Suppose/Supposing (that) we miss the train, what shall we do?
如果我們誤了火車，我們將怎麼辦？ What if/Say ...
結構︰What if/Say＋子句，S＋V ... 說明︰此句型意為\假設…\。What if 和 Say 用來引導一個假設條件句，其義相當於 Let us suppose（讓我們假設）。 What if/Say he goes home before us and can't get in? What will he do then? 假設他在我們之前趕到家而又進不去呢？那他怎麼辦呢？
What if/Say you were to run out of money? What would you do?
假設你的錢用完了呢？你將怎麼辦呢？
With luck ...
結構︰With luck，＋主要子句 說明︰With luck 為含蓄假設條件句（即不用 if 直接引導）。with luck 意為\如果幸運的話，如果運氣好的話\。 With luck, we'll be there by tomorrow.幸運的話，我們明天將到達那兒。（=If we are lucky）
With luck, she will get the job. 如果幸運的話，她將得到那份工作。（=If she is lucky）
Given time ...
結構︰Given time，＋主要子句 說明︰此為含蓄假設條件句（即不用 if 直接引導）。Given time 意為\（如果）給以時間的話\。
Given time, they will probably agree.給以時間的話，他們可能會同意。（=If they are given time/If we give them time） To hear him talk, ...
結構︰To hear him talk，＋主要子句
說明︰此句型意為\聽某人談話（的口氣）…\。從形式上看，To hear him talk 似為不定式片語，但實則為含蓄條件句（即不用 if 直接引導）。To hear him talk 相當於 If you could hear him talk。
To hear him talk, you'd think he was Prime Minister.
聽他談話（那口氣），你會以為他是首相呢。 To hear you talk, I'd think you were Prime Minister.
聽你談話（那口氣），我還以為你是首相呢。
Without ..., S + V ...
結構︰Without …，＋主要子句 說明︰此句型意為\如果沒有…\，是導致主要子句結果發生的必要條件。Without ... 為含蓄假設條件句，此用法在口語表達中最為常見。without 意為\（如果）沒有…的話\。Without 既可以放在句首，也可以放在句尾，放在句首有強調作用。此外，如果主要子句用否定式，則和 without 構成雙重否定，表示特別強調 without 之後項為主要子句動作發生之必備條件。
Without your help, I couldn't have done it. （如果）沒有你的幫助，我是不會做成的。（=If you hadn't helped me）
She can't solve the problem without his help.如果）沒有他的幫助，她不可能解決這道題。
We can't live without air or water.（如果）沒有空氣或水，我們就無法生存。 Fish cannot live without water.（如果）沒有水，魚兒就無法生存。 比較句型
as/so ... as ...
結構︰as／so＋形容詞或副詞原級＋as… 說明︰此句型意為\…和…一樣…\。比較兩件東西，並表示它們的程度一樣。第一個 as 為<副詞>，第二個 as 則為<副詞><連接詞>，引導<副詞子句>，修飾第一個 as。在 as…as 中可插入單數<可數名詞>，即：\＋<形容詞>＋a／an＋<名詞>＋as\。若是複數<名詞>，可用\many／few＋複數 <名詞>＋as\；若是<不可數名詞>，則用\much／little＋<不可數名詞>＋as\。\＋原級（形、副）＋as＋原級（形、副）\這形式表示有關同一人（物）的兩種不同的性質、狀態是一樣程度的，譯作\既有…且還有…\。 He is as handsome as his brother (is). 他和他哥哥一樣英俊。
Judy goes to the movies as often as Sara does. 朱迪像莎拉一樣時常去看電影。 Old John goes to sleep as easily as a baby does. 老約翰像嬰兒一樣容易入睡。 The girls are as busy with their work as bees. 這些女孩子就跟蜜蜂一樣忙著工作。
He is as nice a boy as Peter (is). 他和彼得一樣都是好男孩。 She has as many friends as Mary (does). 她和瑪麗一樣有許多朋友。
He has as much money as John (does). 他和約翰一樣有很多錢。
He is as clever as (he is) handsome. 他不但英俊而且聰明。
My teacher is as kind as (she is) intelligent. 我的老師不但善良而且聰慧。 as many/much ...
結構︰as many／much＋名詞… 說明︰此句型意為\同數（量）的…；一樣多\。本<片語>旨在用以代替句中前面已提到的相同數字，以避免該數字的重複。 He was tired enough to make ten errors in as many (=in ten) pages.
他疲倦得十頁中犯了十個錯誤。
Mike read five books in as many (=in five) months. 麥克在五個月內看了五本書。
I didn't expect that he should have committed three robberies in as many days. 沒想到（老實的）他居然在三天內犯了三次搶劫罪。
as many/much as ... 結構︰as many／much as＋數字＋複數名詞／不可數名詞
說明︰此句型意為\多達…\。不要與\many／much＋<名詞>\（同數量的…）混淆。同理，此類<片語>還有：as long as＋數字＋<名詞>（長達…），as wide as＋數字＋<名詞>（寬達…）， as high as＋數字＋<名詞>（高達…），as early as＋數字＋<名詞>（早在…），as late as＋數字＋<名詞>（遲在…）等。 She has as many as seven sisters. 她
的姊妹有七人之多。
As many as 100 people were killed in the air crash. 這次空難中多達一百人喪生。 I gave the beggar as much as 1,000 yen. 結構︰as far as＋名詞
說明︰此句型意為\到…之遠；到…的程度\。而\＋<主詞>＋<動詞>\則表示\只要…，在…範圍內的話…\。
我給了這乞丐整整一千元。
Building costs ran up to as much as NT$ 20 million. 建築費用漲到高達新台幣兩千萬。
I have been learning English (for) as long as 15 years. 我學英文已有十五年之久。
He came home as late as two in the morning. 他遲至清晨兩點才回家。 I saw your brother as late as last week. 上個禮拜我還看到你哥哥。
The river is as wide as 100 meters. 這條河寬達一百公尺。 I mailed the letter as early as Friday. 我早在星期五就把信寄了。 A is as much + N + as B is
結構︰主詞＋be＋as＋much＋名詞＋as＋（be）＋主詞
說明︰此句型意為\…和…同樣…\。\much＋<名詞>＋as＋（be）＋<主詞>\的 be 通常省略或放句末。 Comets are just as much members of the sun's family as (are) the other planets. 彗星和其他的行星同樣是太陽家族的成員。
To eat too much is as much a bad thing as to eat nothing.吃太多和什麼都不吃同樣是壞事。 He is as much a member of the orchestra as Tom. 他和湯姆同樣是管絃樂隊的成員。 not as/so + ADJ/ADV + as + N
結構︰not as／so＋形容詞／副詞＋as＋名詞
說明︰此句型意為\不像…那樣…\。as…as 可用於肯定句或<否定句>，而 so…as 僅可用於<否定句>構中。
It is not as (so) popular as other foods. 它不像其他食物那樣受歡迎。 He does not study as (so) hard as John. 他不像約翰那樣用功。
I am not as (so) careful as Tom. 我不像湯姆那樣細心。 as far as ... Swallows from England go as far as South Africa. 英國來的燕子飛到南非那樣遠的地方。
We walked as far as the railroad station. 我們走到火車站那樣遠的地方。 We drove as far south as Kaohsiung. 我們往南開車一直到高雄。
He went as far as Yokohama to meet his friend from England.
他遠至橫濱去迎接由英國來的朋友。
I swam as far as I could. 我盡可能地游遠。
... just as ... as ...
結構︰主詞＋動詞＋just as＋形容詞／副詞＋as＋（代）名詞／動名詞
說明︰此句型意為\…就像…一樣…\。第一個 as 是\同樣的；一樣的\，第二個 as 是\像\之意。若<主詞>之後不是 be <動詞>，則 as 之後不用<形容詞>，而要用<副詞>。
Being a good pedestrian is just as important as being a good driver. 做一個好的行人就像做一個好的司機一樣重要。
Writing is just as important as reading. 寫作就像閱讀一樣重要。
He wrote just as carefully as Tom. 他就像湯姆一樣小心地寫。 ... as ... as one can
結構︰…as＋形容詞／副詞／名詞＋as one can
說明︰此句型意為\儘可能…\。\one can\相當於\... as possible\。one 要隨<主詞>的人稱而變化，而 can 要隨<時態>變化。
To speak English fluently, you had better read as many English articles as you can.
要想把英文講得很流利，你最好盡量多看英文文章。
Take as much exercise as you can. 盡可能多做運動。
Be as careful as you can. 盡可能小心。