山西省流域综合规划修编工作大纲
山 西 省 水 利 厅 二00七年十月
目 录
1流域概况 ········································································································· 1
1.1自然概况 ·························································································· 1 1.3经济社会概况················································································· 10 1.4历次规划实施情况 ········································································· 13 1.5现状存在问题················································································· 16 2规划指导思想、原则与任务 ······································································ 20
2.1规划指导思想················································································· 20 2.2规划原则 ························································································ 21 2.3规划任务 ························································································ 22 2.4规划依据 ························································································ 23 3 规划范围与水平年 ····················································································· 24
3.1规划范围 ························································································ 24 3.2规划水平年 ···················································································· 25 4修编思路和技术路线 ·················································································· 26
4.1规划修编思路················································································· 26 4.2规划修编的技术路线 ····································································· 27 5 规划工作内容······························································································ 31
5.1基础工作 ························································································ 31 5.2总体规划 ························································································ 39 5.3城乡供水保障体系 ········································································· 40 5.4水生态环境保护与修复保障体系 ················································· 43
5.5防洪减灾保障体系 ········································································· 48 5.6流域综合管理体系 ········································································· 51 5.7重点枢纽工程及综合利用工程规划·············································· 57 5.8其它规划工作················································································· 57 5.9环境影响评价················································································· 59 5.10投资匡算及实施安排 ··································································· 60 5.11规划实施的保障措施 ··································································· 61 5.12专项规划 ······················································································ 62 5.13专题研究 ······················································································ 62 6 组织形式与工作安排 ······································································· 62 7 工作进度及提交成果 ······································································· 64
1流域概况
1.1自然概况
1.1.1地理位置
山西省地处华北地区西部，黄土高原东翼，东依太行山，与河北、河南两省为邻，西、南隔黄河与陕西、河南两省相望，北跨内长城与内蒙古自治区毗邻，四周几乎都为山河所环绕。地理坐标为东经110°14′～114°33′，北纬34°34′～40°43′。南北长约680km，东西宽约380km，总面积为15.6万km2，约占全国总面积的1.63％，其中海河流域面积为5.9万km2，占全省总面积的37.8％，黄河流域9.7万km2，占全省总面积的62.2％。 1.1.2地形地貌
按地形起伏特点，可将山西省分为东部山地区、西部高原区和中部盆地区三大部分。
东部山地区以晋冀、晋豫交界的太行山为主干，由太行山、恒山、五台山、系舟山、太岳山、中条山以及晋东南高原和广灵、灵丘、阳泉、寿阳、长治、晋城、阳城、垣曲等山间小盆地组成。区内五台山叶斗峰海拔3058m，是华北地区制高点，全省最低点位于东部山地区的西南部垣曲县黄河谷地，海拔245m。
西部高原区是以吕梁山脉为骨干的山地性高原，由芦芽山、云中山、吕梁山等山系和晋西黄土高原组成，最高峰关帝山海拔2830m。黄土高原按地貌分类，自北向南可分为黄土丘陵、黄土沟壑和残塬沟壑三个部分。
中部盆地区自东北、西南向纵贯全省，由大同、忻定、太原、临汾、
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运城等一系列雁行式平行排列的地堑型断陷盆地组成，高程自北向南梯级下降，大同盆地1050m，太原盆地750m，至运城盆地降为400m。各盆地广泛分布着黄土和冲洪积物，地形平坦、土地肥沃、工农业发达、城市众多、人口集中，是山西省经济繁荣地区。
各种地貌类型占全省面积比重，山地约占72.0％，高原占11.5％，各类盆地为16.5％。 1.1.3植被土壤
新中国成立初期，全省森林面积为551万亩，森林覆盖率仅2.4％，零星分布于高山深处。经过50多年的发展，目前全省森林覆盖率已超过10％。天然林主要分布在中条、吕梁、太岳、太行、关帝、管涔、五台、黑茶八大山区的50余个县、市，因林区所在的地域和高程，组成多种森林类型，包括高寒地区生长的云杉，落叶松林，低山生长的油松林和阔叶林，以及暖温带的漆树、泡桐、杜仲林等。人工林除山地有少量栽植外，主要分布在风沙危害较严重的晋西北和桑干河、滹沱河流域，已形成相当规模的防护林网和护岸林带。
全省现有草地面积6760万亩，主要分布在雁北干草原区与晋西北灌丛草原区。
因土壤成因和所处地理环境的差异，受复杂的地形、气候、生物等自然因素和人类生产活动影响，省内土壤种类繁多，存在一定的地区分布规律性。地带性土壤类型包括南部(恒山以南，吕梁山以东)的森林灌木草原褐土地带，北部(人马山、黑驼山，内长城，恒山以北)干草原栗钙土地带，以及吕梁山以西的森林草原向干草原过渡的灰褐土地带。山地土壤类型，在恒山及其以北地区，主要是山地淡栗钙土，恒山以南，吕梁山北部，在
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