我不会让他用那种借口蒙混过去。 I won’t let him that excuse.
强盗们抢劫了银行然后携带大量钱款逃跑了.
Thieves robbed the bank and a lot of money. get away from: 逃离或摆脱（某人或某地） 囚犯们经过一番打斗摆脱了看守的卫兵。
The prisoners their guards after a struggle.
3. tell a lie说谎
那不是真的，你在说谎。 It’s not true; you are
give the lie to sth.: 证明不实；揭穿谎言
这些新的数据表明失业率下降的看法是不真实的。
These new figures the belief that unemployment is going down.
4. do some research= research on / into sth. :对…做研究
他们正在研究吸烟的影响。
They are the effects of smoking. 5. win … back赢回；重新获得
我怎样做才能让妻子回心转意呢？ What can I do to my wife ? 我们决心来年夺回奖牌。
We are determined to the prize next year 补充词组：
win sb. over/around/ round: 说服； 把……争取过来 win out/through:摆脱困境；终获成功 6. earn one’s living 谋生
教师靠教书谋生．
A teacher by teaching. 他以前靠写作谋生． He by writing.
7. in debt欠债
out of debt 还清欠款；不欠债
他戒赌后就不再欠债了。
He has been since he stopped gambling. 欠债容易还债难。
It’s much easier to than into get out of debt 补充词组：
in debt to sb./in sb’s debt: 欠某人的债；受某人的恩惠 get/run into debt: 负债
pay off one’s debts: 偿清债务 8. glare 怒目而视
他们没有打架，只是站在那里怒目而视。
They didn’t fight, but stood there at one another. 他没有叫喊，只是默默地怒视着我。
He didn’t shout; he just at me silently.
9. spy 暗中监视；侦察; 窥视;看见；发现 他突然在超市看到了老朋友。
He suddenly an old friend in the supermarket. 从门上的小洞，他侦察了整个起居室。
From the little hole in the door he could on the whole living room 偷窥别人的房间是不礼貌的。
It’s impolite to into other people’s room.
10. cut down ： 削减；缩短；砍倒 你应该削减开支。
You should expenses. 我只好少抽些烟。
I have to smoking.
老树全被砍倒了，小树在茁壮成长。
The old trees are all and the young trees are growing healthy and strong. 11. before long: 不久以后
这本书不久就要出版了。
The book will be published . 他晚上睡不着觉，不久便面容憔悴。
He couldn’t sleep at night, and he was pale. 辨析： before long & long before
before long :是个介词短语，在句中作状语，多与将来时或过去时连用。 long before: 是个副词短语，多与完成时连用。 12. combine: 使联合；使结合
我们开家公司吧，把我的科学知识和你的商业专长结合起来。
Let’s my scientific knowledge and your business skills and start a company. combine…and/ with: 把…….和 ……联/结合起来 我们并不总是能在工作中享受到乐趣。
We can’t always work pleasure. combine with sth. 和……结合起来 13. benefit: 利益；好处
由于生病她在国外没有得到多大利益。
Because of illness she didn’t get much from her stay abroad. for sb’s benefit: 为帮助某人；为某人的利益 这不是他的错。他是为了帮助你才这样做的。 It’s not his fault. He did it . for the benefit of : 为……的利益 新医院是为了整个社区的利益。
The new hospital is the entire community. 补充词组：
(be) of benefit to : 对……有益
benefit from/by： 从 …… 中受益
14. consult : 咨询； 请教;查阅；交换意见；商量 你出发前可以咨询一下当地的旅行社。
Before you set off, you can one of your local travel agents.
如果疼痛持续，要请医生诊治。
If the pain continues, your doctor. consult sb.(about sth) 请教某人（某事） 你应该请一位资深大夫给你看病。
You should a veteran doctor your illness. 15. limit :限制；限定
医院限制看望病人的人数。
The hospital the number of visitors a patient can have. 我限制自己一天喝三杯啤酒。
I myself to three cups of beer a day. 17. diet: 日常饮食/食物
医生告诉病人要吃容易消化的食物。
The doctor told the patient to keep to a light . 适当的饮食和运动对身体健康都很重要。
Proper and exercise are both important for health. 补充词组：
be on a diet: 进规定的饮食 go/get on a diet: 实行节食
put sb on a f=diet: 限制某人的饮食 18. balance: 使平衡；使（力量等）均衡 海豚用鼻子顶着球，使其保持平衡。 The dolphin the ball on its nose. 你穿了冰鞋能保持身体平衡吗？ Can you yourself on skates?
on balance: 总的来说
总的来说， 我们很有希望赢得比赛。
, we have a good chance of winning the race.
补充词组：
keep/lose one’s balance: 保持/失去（身体）平衡；保持镇静/心慌意乱 catch/throw sb off balance: 使某人失去平衡 19. slim: 变苗条；减轻体重
你减肥也应吃早饭。
You can still eat breakfast when you are . 她努力使身体健康，体型苗条。 She tries to get fit and down. 辨析：slim & thin
slim: 用于描述通过节食或锻炼来达到体型健美苗条。
thin：是指人的体重低于标准时最常用的词，指虚弱或不健康。 20. curiosity：好奇心
我们非常好奇，很想知道发生了什么事。
We were burning with to know what had happened. 儿童对一切事物都显露出好奇心。 Children show about everything. 21. ought to 应当 ； 应该
如果他七点出发，这会儿应该到了。
If he started at 7:00, he ought to be here now. 在信上签字的应该是你而不是我。
It ought to be you rather than I that sign the letter.
练习：
将左栏的单词同右栏的解释搭配起来。
1. fry a. a woman who invites guests to a meal, party, etc. 2. discount b. cooked in an oven or over a fire 3. hostess c. to cook sth in hot fat or oil 4. slim d. (of food) not cooked
5. customer e. a person or an organization that buys sth from a shop or business 6. roast f. an mount of money that is taken off the usual cost of sth 7. weakness g. a weak point in a system, sb’s character, etc
8. raw h. to eat less, take exercise, etc. in order to lose weight
用正确的词组填空
ought to lose weight tell a lie win …back earn one’s living in debt spy on cut down before long put on weight 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
He is an honest man. He never ____________. There is no easy way to _________ in this world.
He started working as an engineer. __________ he became a manager. Mark, you’ve got a lovely sister. You __________ take care of her.
If someone _________, they become lighter. If they gain weight or _______ , they become heavier.
He was already deeply _______ through gambling losses.
That day he _______ her while pretending to work at the table.
They decorated the restaurant in order to ______ the customers _______ He _________ on coffee and cigarettes, and ate a balanced diet.
6. 7. 8. 9.
学案 3
目标: 掌握情态动词ought to, ought not to, have to, not have to, mustn’t , needn’t的用法 advice, permission, possibility, ability, request, necessity, intention… 1. Could you speak louder, please? (make a request) 2. When Can I pick it up?(ask permission) 3. Can I pay by credit card? (ask permission)
4. You may use any major credit card.(give permission)
advice, permission, possibility, ability, request, necessity, intention… 5. You should replace your brakes.(give advice)
6. Do I have to do it right away? (ask if it is necessary) 7. You don’t have to do it immediately.(not necessary) 8. You should do it within a month or two. (give advice)
advice, permission, possibility, ability, request, necessity, intention… 9. You may have an accident.(possibility)
10.I would like to make an appointment ….(would like to, intention) 11. Can I bring my car in next Monday?(ask permission) 12.You should bring it in early …(give advice) should and ought to
You should do it within a month or two. The negatives of should and ought to: should not (shouldn’t)
ought not to (oughtn’t to)
Give advice with should/ought to. Situation:
A father is giving his son advice.
What advice do you think he is giving? Give advice with should/ought to
EXAMPLES: You eat hot dogs, fries, and colas all the time. You should/ought to eat more fruits and vegetables. You shouldn’t/oughtn’t to eat so much junk food. You should/ought to ….
You shouldn’t/oughtn’t to ….
You spend too much time at the computer.
You always wait until the last minute to study for a test. You talk for hours on the phone with your friends. You never clean your room. It’s a mess!
Decide if the sentences have the same meaning or different meanings. She must not drive her car. She doesn’t have to drive her car. I can’t go to the party. I might not go to the party. You shouldn’t buy a car. You don’t have to buy a car.
You don’t have to worry about that. You needn’t worry about that. Negatives of modals -- must not
You mustn’t smoke in public places. You must not tell a lie in court.
Use must not for prohibition. These things are against the law or rule. Negatives of modals
– not have to/needn’t
I don’t have to/needn’t use the elevator. I can use the stairs. I don’t have to/needn’t pay my rent with cash. I can use a check.
Not have to/needn’t indicates that something is not necessary, not required. Compare:
There’s a fire in the building. You must not use the elevator. I don’t have to/needn’t use the elevator. I can use the stairs. You shouldn’t stare at other in the elevator—it’s not polite. It is prohibited or dangerous to use the elevator. It is not necessary to use the elevator. Shouldn’t is for advice, not for rules.