湖北工业大学11级英语专业语言学作业
spelling，如On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday they prey on you。
那么“that words having different meanings have the same form
is called”所指对应homographs（同形异义词），属于homonymy。故选择D。
2009年
38. （考察点：linguistic）The study of the mental processes of language comprehension and production is__________ A. corpus linguistics. B. sociolinguistics. C. theoretical linguistics. D. Psycholinguistics. 答案：D
解析：D、Psycholinguistics（心理语言学）is the study of the relationship between language and thee mind.(心理语言学是研究语言与思维之间关系的学科）
A、Corpus linguistic(语料库语言学）is an approach to investigating language and use through the analysis of large databases to real language examples stored on computer.(语料库语言学是通过分析储存在电脑里的语言数据库里的大量的真实言语资料来研究语言结构和使用的资料）
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湖北工业大学11级英语专业语言学作业
B、Sociolinguistic(社会语言学）the study of effect of any and all aspects of society,including cultural norms,expectations,context and the way language is used.(社会语言学是对语言学是对任何一种或全部社会因素的研究，包括文化标准，期望值，语境及语言使用方式等） 39. （考察点：语言变体）A special language variety that mixes languages and is used by speakers of different languages for purposes of trading is called__________
A. dialect. B. idiolect. C. pidgin. D. Register. 答案：C
解析：Pidgin is a special language variety that mixes or blends languages and it is used by people who speak different languages for restricted purposes such as trading.(洋泾浜是将几种语言混合或者融合在意的一种特殊语言变体，它是由操不同语言的人为了有限的目的，如贸易而使用的语言。）
Idiolect is a personal dialect of an individual speaker that combines elements regarding regional,social,gender,and age variation.(个人语言是个人方言，它结合了有关地域、社会、性别、年龄的变体成分） Register refers to the type or style,of language selected as appropriate to type of situation.(语域是因具体用途不同产生的语言变体）。
Dialect is a variety of language,spoken in one part of a country or by people belonging to a particular social class.（方言的某个地区使用或特定社会阶级的人使用的一种语言变体）
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湖北工业大学11级英语专业语言学作业
40. （考察点：语用学）When a speaker expresses his intention of speaking, such as asking someone to open the window, he is performing__________
A. an illocutionary act. B. a perlocutionary act. C. a locutionary act. D. none of the above. 答案：A
解析：Illocutionary act:the act of expressing the speaker’s intention.It is the act preformed in saying something.(言外行为是通过发出这样一个话语，说话者表达他说话的意图）
Perlocutionary act:the act performed by or resulting from saying something.
It is the consequence of,or the change brought about by the utterance.(言后行为是指话语带来的后果）
Locutionary act:the act of uttering words,phrases,clauses.It is the act of conveying literal meaning by means of syntax,lexicon and phonology.(言内行为就是发出词的动作。它通过句法、词汇和音位学的方式来传达字面意义的行为。）
2010年
38. （考察点：语言习得）________ refers to the learning and development of a language.
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湖北工业大学11级英语专业语言学作业
A. Language acquisition B. Language comprehension C. Language production D. Language instruction 答案：A
解析：本题为语言学常识题。背景知识：语言习得最基本的定义，其余选项一看就不符合提干内容。
39. （考察点：语言学分支形态学） The word “ Motel” comes from “motor + hotel”. This is an example of ________ in morphology. A. Backformation B. conversion C. Blending D. Acronym 答案：C
解析：本题为语言学分支形态学最基本常识，也是比较活跃的一种构词方式。背景知识：A逆生法；B转类法；C拼缀法；D首字母构词。 40. Language is t tool of communication. The symbol “ Highway Closed” on a highway serves________
A. an expressive function. B. an informative function. C. a performative function D. a persuasive function. 答案：D 语言学基本常识。Expressive function意为表达功能。 Information function意为信息功能。C为施为功能。D为劝导功能
2011年
38.（考察点：语言与思维）_________ is defined as the study of the
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湖北工业大学11级英语专业语言学作业
relationship between language and mind. A. Semantics B. pragmatics
C. cognitive linguistics D. sociolinguistics 答案：C
解析：探讨语言和思维的学科：Cognitive Linguistics：refers to the branch of linguistics that interprets language in terms of the concepts, sometimes universal, sometimes specific to a particular tongue, which underlie its forms. It is thus closely associated with semantics but is distinct from psycholinguistics, which draws upon empirical findings from cognitive psychology in order to explain the mental processes that underlie the acquisition, storage, production and understanding of speech and writing.
39.（考察点：元音与辅音）A vowel is different from a consonant in English because of ________.
A. absence of obstruction B. presence of obstruction C. manner of articulation D. place of articulation 答案： A
解析：元音和辅音的区别：Obstruction of the air stream;
40. （考察点:多语言学）：The definition “the act of using, or promoting the use of, several languages, either by an individual speaker or by a community of speakers” refer to__________.
A. Pidgin B. Creole C. Multilingualism D. Bilingualism
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