6 6.1 名词
各类别单词解释和说明
名词占所有词汇的三分之一，除去专有名词，具体名词（人和物） & 抽象名词（事）
6.1.1 具体名词解读
?
355个具体名词具备以下一个或几个特点是：
? ? ?
类别名词，用来解释这个类别下的所有事物； 除了名词还有其他词性； 用在高频俚语或者成语中；
必须首先记住的词汇25个，已经在词汇表中标红。
?
同类别下义词解释样例
Holiday: a period of time when you are not at work or school School: a place where children go to learn
Doctor: a person shoes job is to make ill people well again
Lock: a device that keeps a door, gate closed that you can’t open it without a key Casino: a place where people win money by playing cards or something 酸菜鱼：This dish is made of fish and vegetable. The soup is sour.
韭菜炒鸡蛋：This dish is made of egg and vegetable. The vegetable has long green leaves and it is spicy.
?
万能名词 Thing
雨伞：The thing used when it is raining. 口红：The thing used on lip for ladies. 菜单：The thing with some dishes names on. 她喜欢吃甜食。She likes sweet things.
一整天了，她啥东西也没吃。She hasn’t had a thing to eat all day. 穿上你的衣服跟我走。Put your things on and lets go. 我都没件衣服穿。I haven’t got a thing to wear.
你能把那边那个东西递给我吗？Can you pass me that thing over there?
我跟你说话的时候把那个东西关掉。Turn that thing off while I’m talking to you. 带上你游泳要用的东西。Bring your swimming things with you.
让我来收拾这些早餐生下来的东西吧！ Let me clear these breakfast things.
吧U盘给我，我来帮助你复制文件。Give me that thing and I’ll copy the documents for you. 你真是个聪明的小家伙。You are quite a clever little thing!
这只猫肯定饿了。可怜的家伙。The cat must be very hungry. Poor thing!
6.1.2 抽象名词解释
?
Performance 表演
音乐会（concert）。A public performance of music.
二人转。It is a local performance in North China. There’re two players. They are singing and dancing to make people laugh.
规范（code）。rule – the rule of dressing / dressing rule / the way of wearing clothes
?
错误 – obey the policy 服从政策
obey是服从的意思，对象是人、法律、法规；
make this policy / make this plan; follow this policy / follow this plan;
?
错误 – he doesn’t have knowledge 他没文化
Knowledge – the information and skills you gain through education or experience He is not well educated. He has never gone to school.
?
Occasion （场合），
这些都是场合，meeting/ interview/ party/ picnic/ wedding/ funeral/ barbecue/ ceremony 有一个场合 – there be …
举办一个场合 – give/ have/ throw … 是否参加 – go to a … 介词 at/ from/
6.1.3 构成类名词解释
事物：Part 事物的任何一部分 Side 侧面 Edge 边缘 Base 底座 Core 核心 动物：Tail 尾巴 Wing 翅膀 Shell 壳 植物：Leaf 叶子 Flower 花
人：Mind 精神 Spirit 意志 Soul 灵魂 Feeling 感觉 Emotion 感受
?
万物皆可part
人体组成、生活用品、区域、机构、文学艺术、团队、时间、事件、工作、生活 替换联系，找出带有以下词汇的例句，尝试用part代替来描述
? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Organ Segment Fragment Slice Portion Wedge Compartment
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
?
Fraction Component Accessory Region District Quarter Sector Division Passage Paragraph Section Episode
老友记例句
What you guys don’t understand is, for us, kissing is as important as any party of it.
你们男孩子不懂的是，对我们女孩子来说，接吻和约会的其他内容一样，都是非常重要的。（指约会） I mean presumably, the biggest part of your job is done 我是说， 你工作中最重要的部分可能已经完成了。（指工作） You got the clothes clean. Now that’s the important part. 衣服洗干净了，这才是最重要的。（指洗衣服）
Well, you know, part of me wants that, but it’s like I’m two guys, you know? I mean, one guy’s going “Shut up! This is great!” But there’s other guy…
你知道吗，我想这样做，但又犹豫不决，就好像两个人，一个对我说，闭嘴！这是多好的一件事啊！但同时又有另一个小人… （指想法、念头）
Oh, and she’s pregnant with my baby. I always forget that part. 噢， 对了！她怀了我的孩子， 我差点把这茬给忘了！（指怀孕）
I know it’s frightening, but, big picture. The birth part is just one day, and when it’s over, were all gonna be parents for the rest of our lives.
（生孩子）是挺吓人的， 但往远处想想。生孩子只是一天的事儿， 但那之后，我们就是永远的父母了！（指生孩子）
You left out the stupid part.
你漏掉了（你表现）愚蠢的部分。（指叙述的故事） Look, I told you I am not a part of this thing. 听着！我告诉过你了这事没我的份儿。（指活动）
She was a big part of my life there, you know, and now I just feel kind of alone. 她是我生活中不可或缺的部分，现在我觉得有些孤单。（指生活）
You know there isn’t a part of that sentence I don’t need explained.
请把你那句话的每个字都解释清楚。（指言语） All right, this is my favorite part of the weekend. 好吧！这是我这个周末过得最开心的时候。（指过周末） Phoebe: Yes. Did you settle the bill? 菲比：你结账了吗？
Monica: No. I hate this part.
莫妮卡：没呢！ 要是吃饭不结账该多好啊。（指吃饭）
I just have to make enough money for the second part of my plan. 我得挣够钱，以便实施第二阶段的计划。（指计划）
So I’m done my part, okay. It’s your responsibility now, okay. 好了， 我的事情已经完了，该你了！（指职责） The good parts coming up. Keep going. 精彩节目马上上演！ 别急。（指读书或看电视）
Is that part of your resolution, your new thing for today （everyday）? 这就是你的新年心愿吗？每天做一件新的事情？
?
Side 谁都有不为人知的一面
Park your car at the side of a road.
XXX is in the center, A and B are on each side. Inside, outside, upside, downside,
Cousin from father’s side … ( mother’s side ) different side of the story listen to both sides bright side and dark side look on the bright side You’re hearing one side of the story. 你听到的只是一面之词。
There’re two sides of this story. 这件事有两个不同版本。
You only hear Monica’s side of that. 你只是听了莫妮卡的说法。
She brings this greatest side out of me. 她让我展示了最好的一面。 He has a soft side. 他有他温柔的一面。
This is not a good side of me. 这不是我好的一面。 Whose side are you on?
你站那一边？
Everybody chooses sides. 任何人都会有所倾向。 Pick a side and stay there.
选出你支持的一方，不要改来改去了。
I’m trying hard to get on the right side of my boss.
6.1.4 属性类名词解释
静态属性（人和物的属性）和动态属性（事情的属性） shape 什么样 size （big）多大 quality 品质 position 位置 amount 量化 way 怎么发展的 purpose 目的 cause 原因 effect 结果
weight （heavy）重量 possibility （possible）可能性 importance （important）重要性
?
Shape
（appearance）
?
如何用shape描述事物
心形 – in the shape of a heart 钻石形 – in the shape of a diamond XXX形状 – in the shape of a XXX ?
很多事物可以用shape来描述
健康 – in shape 不健康 – out of shape
?
Size 尺寸很重要
所有具体事物都有自己的尺寸：房子、家具、电视、衣服、鞋子、首饰、事物、三围（measurement，用size足够）、照片、场地、文件、字体、重要性、艰巨性、地震强度、市场容量（size of the market）、投资回报（size of the prize） size of happiness size of government