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to be or not to be 这是个问题。 是否用“be”来代替动词进行表达
人类 – human being，所有的生物都可以统称为 being，being 还有一个意思是存在
意大利王国成立于1861年3月17日。The kingdom of Italy came into being on 17 March 1861. be 不仅仅是“是”的意思，而是存在，以什么形式存在，在哪里存在等等。
I am a student. / He is tall. / The book is on the table.
我们落后进度了。We’re behind schedule.
对不起，我想你可能是坐在我们的位子上了。Sorry, I think you may be in our seats. 我很快就到。I’ll be there soon.
别走开，我们马上回来。Don’t go away, we’ll be right back. 我是来找您的。I’m here for you.
我想我们是被卡在楼层中间了。I think we’re between the floors. 你知道我为什么叫你过来吗？Do you know why you’re here? 会议几点开始？When is the meeting? ?
中文习惯用动词，英语则注重状态，能不用动词，就不用动词。
我现在在公司上班。
不地道：I’m working in the company. 地道：I’m in the company. 我们正在卡拉OK唱歌呢！
不地道：We‘re singing in the Karaoke. 地道：We’re in the Karaoke. 我在电影院看电影。
不地道：I’m watching movie in the cinema. 地道：I’m in the cinema. 我正在菜市场买菜。
不地道：I’m shopping in the food market. 地道：I’m in the food market.
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Let everything go! 万物皆有变
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1- 与不同类别名词搭配，表达不同行为动作
火车什么时候开？When does the train go?
你想把钢琴放在哪里？Where do you want the piano to go?
我想从最高的窗户上拉根绳子到地面。I want a rope that will go from the top window to the ground.
我想要所有的经理都看到这份备忘录。I want this memo to go to all managers.
你的面试怎么样？How did your interview go? 枪响了，砰地一声。The gun went “peng”. 谣言传得快。Rumor goes fast.
这房子低于20万不卖。The house won’t go for less than $200000. 我大部分工资都花在房租上了。Most of my salary goes on the rent. 我大脑一片空白。My mind goes blank. ?
2- 与不同的介词（位置、方位）搭配，表达不同的动词
妈妈绝不会赞成你的想法。（go along 代替 agree）You’ll never get mom to go along with your idea.
你不能老是说别人撒谎。（go around 代替 keep）You can’t go around calling people liars. 传言说兰迪有外遇。（go around 代替 spread）There’s a rumor going around that Randy’s having an affair.
我刚一开门，两只狗就撕咬在一起。（go at 代替 attack）The two dogs went at each other as soon as I opened the gate.
你一旦做了决定，恐怕就不能反悔了。（go back 代替 regret）Once you’ve made the decision, I’m afraid there’s no going back.
你不能老是以貌取人。（go 代替 judge）You can’t always go by appearances.
别再用那张旧地图了，都过时了。（go 代替 use）Don’t go by that old map, it’s out of date. 在膝盖上敷些冰消肿。（go down 代替 subside）Put some ice on your knee to make the swelling go down.
克莱尔不想详谈离婚的事情。（go into 代替 elaborate）Clare wouldn’t go into details about her divorce.
关于欧洲政局他发表了长篇大论。（go into 代替 deliver）He went into a long speech about European politics.
这节课，我们主要分析一下法国大革命的成因。（go into 代替 analyze）During this course, we’ll go into the main courses of the French Revolution.
我们睡觉的时候篝火熄灭了。（go out 代替 expire）Our campfire went out while we were sleeping.
退潮了。（go out 代替 ebb）The tides going out.
考试前，杰克复习（翻看）了一下他的笔记。（go over 代替 review）Jack went over his notes again before the test.
我们逐字逐句的校对了演讲稿。（go over 代替 check）We went over the speech word by word. 我找遍了所有的橱柜，还是找不到我的网球拍。（go through 代替 search）I went through all our closets and I still can’t find my tennis racket. ?
3- 与大多数的形容词搭配，表达不同属性的变化
牛奶酸了。（品质变化）The milk had gone sour.
她吓得脸都白了。（颜色发生变化）She went white with fright.
在杰里扭伤膝盖之前，比赛一直进行的很顺利。（身体状况发生变化）The game was going great
until Jerry twisted his knee.
像以前一样，所有的事情在最后一刻功亏一篑。（形势发生变化）As always, everything went wrong at the last minute.
孩子们兴奋的疯玩。（行为发生变化）The children went wild with excitement.
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have/ give/ get/ take 最普遍的事物关系
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have
我上周参加了一个面试。I had an interview last week. 你拿了我的铅笔吗？Do you have my pencil? 我能知道你的名字吗？May I have your name? 我想生个孩子。I want to have a baby.
他们将为结婚十周年举办个晚会。They’ll have a party for their 10th wedding anniversary. 我明天能用一下你的车吗？Can I have your car tomorrow? 你在哪儿吃午饭？Where do you have your lunch?
麻烦你，我要点他正在吃（喝）的东西。Excuse me. I’ll have what he’s having. 等他的时候我抽了一支烟。I had a cigarette while I was waiting for him. 你得这病多久了？How long have you had it? 我打了一针青霉素。I had a shot of penicillin. 她头上顶着个筐。She has a basket on her head. 你养宠物吗？Do you have any pets? ?
give
举个例子吧！ Give me an example ! 你把感冒传染给了我。You gave me the cold.
英语老师总是给我们布置很多作业。Our English teacher always give us a lot of houmework. 你会捐钱给贫困儿童吗？Do you give money to poor children? 他们提供不出更多信息。They couldn’t give more information. 我的名字是爸爸取的。My father gave me this name. 我把作为让给她了。I gave my seat to her. 他给我拍了个胸片。He gave me a chest X-ray. 他给我们做了一个演讲。He gave us a speech.
别忘了给宝宝喂药。Don’t forget to give baby medicine. ?
get
我每天都能收到很多邮件。I get a lot of E-mails every day. 他一年大概挣10万元。He gets about 100000 yuan a year.
你能弄到几张演唱会的门票吗？Can you get some tickets for the concert?
警察最终抓住了她。The policeman finally got him.
她遗传了母亲的美貌。She gets her good looks from her mother. 让我们呼吸一下新鲜空气。Let’s get some fresh air. 我去端菜。I’ll get the dishes.
我们能从银行贷出款来吗？Can we get a loan from the bank? ?
take
我要乘地铁。I’ll take the subway. 他吸毒。He takes drugs.
这所学校不收男孩。This school doesn’t take boys. 他不听我的建议。He didn’t take my advice. 我得吃点儿药。I need to take some medicine.
我想报个英语培训班。I want to take an English course. 你儿子打疫苗了吗？Has your son taken the vaccine? 他量了我的血压。He took my blood pressure. 她学了好几年钢琴了。She took piano for years.
* 中文中常常有“传染给了我”，“让给了我”，“给我们布置作业”等，这里的“给”说明的就是事物运动的方向，正式“give”表达的意思，注意力不要集中在“给”之前的动词身上。 have
own possess occupy boast suffer enjoy experience endure sustain undergo contain comprise consume
give
supply award grant deliver present contribute donate devote commit announce transmit infect communicate pronounce utter emit issue provide lost administer furnish confer bestow concede surrender
take
grab seize grasp clutch transport haul remove withdraw abstract extract capture arrest endure undertake adopt derive collect subscribe record scribble measure accommodate quote
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advice
I have an advice for him./ I gave him an advice./ He got my advice./ He took my advice. 有一个建议、给他一个建议、得到我的建议、听从了我的建议 ?
medicine
The doctor has some medicine for me./ The doctor gave me some medicine./ I got some medicine from the doctor./ I took the medicine
有一些药给我、给了我一些药、从医生那儿拿了些药、吃了药 ?
job
has a lot of jobs./ gave me a job./ got a job from IBM./ took the job from IBM./ 有很多工作岗位、给了我一份工作、得到了一份工作、接受了IBM的工作 ?
cold
have a cold/ gave me the cold/ got a cold/ took the cold from you 感冒了，把感冒传染给我了，感冒了，感冒是你传染的 ?
call
have a call/ give you a call/ got a call from you/ take a call/ 有个电话、打电话给你、接到你的电话、接个电话 ?
kiss
gave me a kiss/ got a kiss from her 给我一个吻、得到了一个吻 ?
lift （搭车）
I’d like to give you a lift./ Can I take a lift? 我开车送你吧！、我能搭个便车吗？
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替换练习
have/ give/ get/ take 四个动词和下面名词搭配练习
joke 笑话、 message 信息、 test 测试、 treatment 治疗、 challenge 挑战、 responsibility 责任
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单纯动词举例
流鼻涕 – My nose is running. 拉伤肌肉 – pull one’s muscle 崴了脚 – turn one’s ankle 破了皮 – The skin breaks. 伤口愈合 – The wound is closing. 发动汽车 – Start the car. 压低嗓音 – Drop your voice. 管用 – It works. 别挤 – Don’t push.
从井里打水出来，用水管把它送到水龙头，把水龙头打开放水，然后用桶接住，再将桶里的水浇到花上。 Draw water from the well, carry it with pipe, turn on the tap to run the water, catch it with a barrel, spread the water over the plant.
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game
开始比赛 start a game 暂停比赛 hold the game 退出比赛 quit a game 输掉比赛 lose a game