We wish to cover the goods against All Risks. 我们希望货物能避免所有风险. 我们拟对该货投保全险.
We are able to quote you very advantageous terms. 我们能够引用你方非常有利的条件. 我们能够向你方报相当优惠的价格.
Most little shops have been absorbed into big business. 大多数小店已被大企业吸收了. 大多数小店已被并入大公司. Ⅲ.Consistency
James, Martin, a senior American lawyer, gives out his suggestions on contract drafting in his Fifty Tips for Writing the 21st Century Contract That Stays Out of Court published in the Florida Bar Journal of November, 2000. One of his proposals goes as follows: Be consistent in using words. If you refer to the subject matter of a sales contract as “goods”, use that term throughout the contract; do not alternately call them “goods” and “items”. Maintaining consistency is more important than avoiding repetition. Don’t worry about putting the reader to sleep; worry about the opposing lawyer a year from now hunting for ambiguities to get your contract into court.
By consistency we mean that in translation we should keep the same form of a name,conception and term as well as the style of the whole text.That is, during the whole process of translation for international business, consistency in translation, especially of technical terms and key words should be kept on the grounds that professional terms have well-established effect and unique definition after experiencing long-term employment and that key words usually act as a thread to link different contractual clauses in such a way to keep the contract in clear thought. Let us read the following item to see how consistency is kept:
Party A transfers and grants to Party B the exclusive and perpetual right to manufacture and sell the licensed products in Chinese Territories in accordance with the technology. Such transfer and grant shall cover all elements of the technology relating to the licensed products as of the effective date of this Contract. In addition, Party A shall furnish Party B information concerning the sources of material supply with respect to the manufacture of the licensed products which are not owned by Party A but which are used by Party A in its manufacturing of the licensed products, so that Party B will be able to purchase such materials directly from the said sources of supply.
甲方同意向乙方转让在中国地区内按该技术生产、出售此授权产品的永久独有权。自本合同生效之日起，此项转让包括与此授权生产产品有关的所有技术要素。此外，甲方向乙方提供有关非甲方所拥有但生产此授权产品所使用的原料的供应渠道方面信息，以使乙方能直接从上述供应渠道购买该原料。
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In this paragraph, the licensed products is repeated four times, creating a tight chain of words to bind the paragraph without causing any possible disputes.
By consistency we also mean ,if possible, keeping the same structural forms in translation so as to achieve coherence of the text.for example:
As we begin a new era in McDonald’s, it is important that we define our vision for the future … where we are heading … what we plan to achieve … and how we will get there together.当我们开创麦当劳公司新纪元之际，重要的是要描绘我们未来的发展前景，诸如我们的前进方向，规划达到何种成就，如何共同达到这一目标等等。 In the above original sentence,as the object “our vision in the future” in the subjective clause belongs to a nominal structure,in translation ,for keeping the consistency of this structural
conception,we change the following appositive clauses in the original into nominal structures .
The principle of consistency can also serve as a guide to understanding the exact meaning of related words. e. g. Nomenclature 1.Read-out
---Shows hour,minute,second,AM/PM,year,month,date and day when this unit is in the regular timekeeping mode.
---Shows the time being measured either in stopwatch or in timer mode. ---Shows each entry and result,suppressing unnecessary O’s(zeroes) in
calculating mode.
2.Reset Button
---Used for setting calendar and time. 3.Time Key (symbolized by TIME) …
名称
1.显示器(或:读数仪)
---本 机(本装置)处于正规计时模式时,可显示时、分、秒、上午、下午、年、月、日、星期几。
---处于跑表模式或定时模式时，可显示所测量的时间。
---处于计算模式时，可逐个显示输入数字（所记入的数字）和结果数字（所求的数字）；不必要的“零”不予显示。 2.复位按钮 ---用于定日历或定时间。
3. 时间按钮(标记为Time)
“Nomenclature”can suggest “name of something or name something” and “read-out”“an action or an element of the calculator”.As the subtitles in the original are all elements of the calculator,in line with the principle of consistency “nomenclature” here should refer to the first meaning and “read-out” the second .
e.g.1. Full Joint Venture - This method of operation is most common in
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Asia. We select a local business person and organize a company with him/her. We then train that person with the goal of making him/her the managing director of the country or market.
全面合资经营——这一经营方法在亚洲最常见。我们选择一位当地商人，与之组建公司，然后对他进行培训，目的是使他成为那一地区或市场的执行董事。 2.Operations Joint Venture - This concept is most common in the USA. We have generally selected ex-company employees to be our partners and we have organized partnerships to operate restaurants.
合作经营—这一概念在美国最常见。通常选择前公司雇员作合伙人，构成合伙关系经营餐厅 . 3.We are glad to learn that China is encouraging to establish equity joint ventures with foreign firms.
我们很高兴得知中国正鼓励与外国公司建立合股式合资企业。
4.As one of the modes of international co-operation and technological exchange ,joint ventures are popular in our country nowadays. 合资经营作为国际经济合作和技术交流的一种方式，在我国现今很普遍。
“Joint venture” can refer to an organization or a way of doing business.As in the above 1,2 and 4 examples, “joint venture” is in concord with “method,concept and mode” respectively,we can infer that its specific meaning should be “a way of doing business”.And as in example 3,“joint ventures” are related with “firms”，according to comprehension competence this phrase should mean an organization.
Chapter Ⅳ The Process of Translation
Part Ⅰ Process ?A---------B
Not a linear one but a v-shaped one
the the target
original text
text
the content
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