www.tesoon.com 天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！ d.当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词必须有自己的主语。例如: Time permitting,I will finish another lesson.Her glasses broken,she couldn't see the words on the blackboard. ③作表语。例如：
The new's inspiring.You shouldn't try to stand up if you are badly hurt.
④作宾语补足语。例如：
We saw the teacher making the experiment.John will get his room painted.
注意：在see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice等动词后，既可以用现在分词构成复合宾语，也可以用不定式构成复合宾语，但两者的含义是有差别的。用现在分词表示动作正在发生（即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束），用不定式表示动作发生了（即动作全过程结束了）。例如： I saw the girl getting on the bus.
I saw the girl get on the bus and drive off.
He had his foot hurt in the fall.He had his clothes washed.(他叫别人洗了衣服）
We had the fire burning all day.(我们使火燃烧了一整天）
注意：\宾语+现在分词\表示主体使客体处于某种状态或干什么事；\宾语+过去分词\表示动作是别人做的或与主体意志无关。
3)过去分词、现在分词一般被动式及完成被动式作状语时的比较：
①过去分词与现在分词一般被动式作状语表示伴随动作或行为方式时，两者无多大区别，习惯上常用过去分词。例如：
（Being)Seized with a sudden fear,she gave a scream.
本卷第26页（共39页）
www.tesoon.com 天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！ He came in,followed by a group of students.
在某些情况下，二者则是有区别的。例如：
Badly polluted ,the water cannot be drunk.(原因）
Being written in haste,the composition is full of mistakes.（原因，强调写的过程，故应用现在分词一般被动式）
②过去分词与现在分词完成被动式皆表示已完成的动作，在意义上无多大区别。例如：
（Having been)weakened by storms，the bridge was no longer safe.但有时是有区别的。例如：
Having been deserted(抛弃）by his guide,he couldn't find his way through the jungle.（为了强调已完成的动作）。
Asked to stay,I couldn't very well refuse.（这里asked可能意味着having been asked,也可能意味着when/since I was asked，但若用having been asked，就不会有歧义）下面句子中过去分词表示的时间与谓语动词所表示的时间相同，所以不能代之以强调先于谓语动词的现在分词完成被动式。例如：
Covered with confusion,I left the room.我很窘地离开了房间。 United,we stand;divided,we fall.团结则存，分裂则亡。
③有时现在分词一般时的被动式与其完成时的被动式完全同义，皆表示已完成的动作，这时用一般时的被动时较好。例如：
Being surrounded (Having been surrounded),the enemy troops were forced to surrender.
4)过去分词与现在分词意义上的区别：及物动词的过去分词表示\被动、完成\（不及物动词的过去分词只表示\完成\），现在分词表示\主动、进行\。动作动词的现在分词
本卷第27页（共39页）
www.tesoon.com 天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！ 所描写的常是一种\动态\情景；其过去分词所描写的往往是一种静态情景，表示动作发生后事物所处的状态，试看下面的例子：
When the autumn wind blows,you can see yellow leaves falling off trees.（树叶正在下落）
He fell onto the fallen leaves inches thick and didn't hurt himself（落叶）
There stands a pine tree,covering the entrance of the cave.（正覆盖着，表示动作）
We found his forehead covered with sweat.（描写满脸是汗的状态） ●歼灭难点训练
1.(★★★★)________the big snake,the little girl stood under the tree________out of her life.
A.Seeing;frightened B.Seeing;frightening
C.Seen;frightened D.To see;frightening 2.(★★★★★)A:Were you busy last weekend?
B:Very.Rather than________time playing cards as usual,I devoted every effort to ________an advertisement.
A.waste;make B.wasting;making
C.to waste;make D.a waste of ;making
3.(★★★★★)The manager has had some problems________whether they should borrow the money from the banker. A.to decide B.deciding C.decided D.having decided
本卷第28页（共39页）
www.tesoon.com 天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！ 4.(★★★★)-How did you manage to get through the examination? - ________very hard.
A.To work B.Working C.By working D.Work
5.(★★★★)-What do you think of the speech? -The speaker said ________nothing worth________.
A.nearly;listening to B.hardly;listening C.scarcely;listening to D.almost;listening to
6.(★★★★)How many of us________a meeting is not important . A.attended B.attending
C.to attend D.have attended
7.(★★★★)I hate________their complaints all day.One of these days I'll tell them what I really think.
A.paying attention to B.to talk about C.listening to D.to have heard
8.(★★★★★)Nobody________any more to say,the meeting was closed. A.having B.have
C.had D.has
9.(★★★★★) ________to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
本卷第29页（共39页）
www.tesoon.com 天星教育网，因你而精彩！版权所有，侵权必究！ A.Exposed B.Having exposed
C.Being exposed D.After being exposed
10.(★★★★★)________all over the hills and around the lake are wild flowers of different kinds.
A.To grow B.Growing C.Grown D.Grow
11.(★★★★)-What's made Tommy so upset? -I believe________the game.It shocked him so much.
A.for losing B.lost
C.losing D.because of losing
12.(★★★★)The time he has devoted in the past ten years________the disabled is now considered ________of great value. A.to help;being B.to helping;to be
C.help;to be D.helping;being
13.(★★★★)He didn't seem to mind________TV while he was trying to study.
A.he easily watches B.his easy watching C.his easily watching D.hiseasilywatched.
14.(★★★★)O'Neal works hard.He is often seen________heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice.? A.sweated B.to be sweated? C.sweating D.being sweated?
本卷第30页（共39页）