由“助动词be + 动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be 有时态、人称和数的变化。 (1) 一般现在时：am/is/are +过去分词。如： Rice is grown in south China. 华南种植水稻。 (2) 一般过去时：was/were+过去分词。如：
The glass was broken yesterday. 这块玻璃是昨天打烂的。 (3) 现在进行时：am/is/are being +过去分词。如： The project is being carried out. 这个计划正在执行中。 (4) 过去进行时：was/were/being +过去分词。如：
This road was being built this time last year. 这条路去年这个时候还在修建。 (5) 一般将来时：will be +过去分词。如：
The cars will be sent abroad by sea. 这些汽车将由水路运往国外。 (6) 过去将来时：would be +过去分词。如：
The manager said the project would be completed by the end of the year. 经理说这个工程在年底前将会完成。
(7) 现在完成时：have/has been +过去分词。如：
This novel has been translated into several languages. 这本小说已被译成了几种语言。 (8) 过去完在时：had been +过去分词。如：
When I got to the theatre, I found the tickets had already been sold out. 我到达剧院时，发现票已卖完了。
英语基础语法常考题·附解析
1. ─What are you reading, Jane?
─Some books on ________ education, I’m now interested in ________ education of young people.
A. an; the
B. /; the
C. the; an
D. an；/
2. —You were out when I dropped in at your house yesterday. —Oh, I________ for a friend from Beijing at the railway station. A. was waiting
B. had waited
C. am waiting
D. have waited
3. —Little Jim has been eating sweets all day.
—It’s no ________ he is not hungry A. matter
B. doubt
C. problem
D. wonder
4. Comrade Wang ________ be in Shanghai—I saw him in the company only a few minutes ago.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. may not
D. isn’t able to
5. It was not until I got home ________ I found my wallet missing. A. that
B. when
C. where
D. which
6. The number of the people present at the concert ________ much smaller than expected. There ________ many tickets left.
A. was; was
B. were; was
C. were; were
D. was; were
7. ________ you stepped into the lab with your shoes on? You’re supposed to take them off before you enter it. I told you so!
A. How come
B. How dare
C. How about
D. How long8
8. They made no effort to hide their amusement ________ I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.
A. however
B. whatever
C. whichever
D. whenever
9. ________ her work has been good, but this essay is dreadful A. In a word
B. In general
C. In particular
D. In total
10. She returned home from the office, only ________ the door open and something missing.
A. finding
B. to be found
C. to find
D. found
11. We should ________ ourselves assiduously and faithfully to the duties of our profession.
A. devote
B. spend
C. offer
D. provide
12. The Anti- Japanese War ________ in 1937 and it ________ eight years. A. broke out; lasted C. was broken out; lasted
B. broke out; was lasted D. was broken out; was lasted
13. When the plane arrived, some of the detectives were waiting inside the main building ________others were waiting on the airfield.
A. during
B. where
C. which
D. while
14. ________ is known to everybody, Taiwan is a part of China. A. It
B. As
C. That
D. Which
15. —Let’s go to the zoo this Sunday, OK? —________. I love to see all kinds of animals. A. I couldn’t agree more C. I believe not 【答案与解析】
1. B。第一个 education 意为“教育；教育学”，为不可数名词，因此不用冠词；而第二个 education 表示特指，意为“年轻人的教育”，因此用定冠词，故答案为 B。
2. A。根据上句中的时间状语的提示可知谓语动词是指过去某时正在发生的事情，因此用过去进行时态，故答案为 A。
3. D。上句“小吉姆整天在吃糖果”是“他不饿”的原因，因此答案为 D。no wonder 意为“难怪，不足为怪。”
4. B。情态动词 must 表推测时只能用于肯定句。在否定句中用 can’t
代替must。c
B. I’m afraid not D. I don’t think so
an’t 意为“不可能”；may not 意为“可能不”；be able to 表示经过努力或克服了困难之后做成了某事的能力，意为“能，会”。句中的破折号起解释说明的作用。“我几分钟前在公司见过他”，因此“不可能在上海”，故答案为 B。
5. A。强调句的基本结构由“It is / was +被强调部分 + that / who + 句子其余部分”组成，如果被强调的是人用 that 或 who；其他用 that。句意为：到了家我才发现我的钱包不见了。
6. D。the number of 修饰可数名词复数作主语时，后面的谓语动词用单数形式；There be 必须与后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。tickets 为复数名词，因此用were。故答案为 D。
7. A。how come 意为“怎么”；how dare 意为“怎敢”；how about 意为“怎麽样”；how long 意为“多久”。根据语境“怎么穿着鞋进了实验室？进来之前你该脱掉。我早告诉过你”可知答案为 A。
8. D。此题考查 whenever 引导的时间状语从句。句意为“每当我从衣袋里拿出一包糖果的时候，他们毫不掩饰他们觉得好笑”。
9. B。in a word 意为“总之”；in general 意为“一般地；大体上；通常”；in particular 意为“特别”；in total 意为“整个地；总共”。根据句意“总的说来，她的作品不错，不过这篇文章糟透了”答案为 B。
10. C。作结果状语时，不定式常表示没有预料到的情况或结果，即预料之外；而分词常表示一种自然而然的结果，即预料之中。根据语境“发现门开着，有东西丢了”是他没想到的，因此可知应用不定式。又因句子的主语 he 与动词 find是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用主动语态，因此答案为 C(www.yygrammar.com)。
11. A。devote?to 为习惯用语，意为“把……献给；把……专用于”。句意为“我们应当勤奋地而且忠诚地献身于我们的职责。”
12. A。break out 和 last 都是不及物动词，都不能用于被动语态，因此答案为 A。句意为“抗日战争 1937 年爆发，持续了八年。”
13. D。while 作并列连词，表示对比或相反的情况，意为“而、却”。句意为“当飞机抵达时,一部分侦探等在主楼里面，而另一部分则等在停机坪上。”
14. B。as 和 which 引导非限定性定语从句，都可以指整个句子，有时可以通用。但 as 引导的非限定性定语从句可以放在句首，也可以放在句中。which 只能放在句中。句意为“周所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。”
15. A。上句提出建议“我们周日去动物园好吗？”根据答语中的后句“我喜欢看各种动物”可知是表示赞成对方的建议，故答案为 A。意为“我非常赞成。”
英语基础语法训练题（有解析）
1. “May I borrow your paper?” “ ________.” A. By all means B. Never mind
C. You are welcome D. Don’t mention it
2. This bird is really lovely, and I’ve never seen ________ one. A. a finer
B. a finest
C. the finer D. the finest
3. Since there’s no more work to do, we might just ________ go home. A. so well
B. as well
C. so good D. as good
4. He made ________ known to his friends that he didn’t want to enter politics. A. that B. it
C. himself
D. him
5. That car nearly hit me; I ________. A. might be killed C. may be killed
B. might have been killed
D. may been killed
6. “Have you ever eaten snails?” “No, and I hope I ________.” A. will never B. never will C. have never
D. never have
7. She wrote a famous book, and so ________ a place in history. A. winning B. to win
C. to have won D. won
8. I’ll have to change my clothes before I go out — I don’t want ________ like this.
A. to see
B. seeing C. to be seen D. being seen
9. We make sure we’re always well stocked up with candles, just ________. A. in case
B. for certain C. in practice D. for use
10. It’s hard to rescue drowning people because they ________ so much. A. sink B. swim C. jump D. struggle
11. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn’t rained, we ________ there by tomorrow.
A. can’t get B. won’t get C. hadn’t got D. wouldn’t get 12. The little time we have together we try ________ wisely. A. spending it
B. to spend it
C. to spend D. spending that
13. You should put on the notices ________ all the people may see them. A. where B. in which C. at
D. for them