出恶言
coin (v.) : make up；devise；invent(a new word，phrase，etc．)编造；杜撰(新词、新短语等) tussle (v.) : fight，struggle，contend，etc．vigorously or vehemently斗争，搏斗；竞争 dandelion (n.) : any of several plants of the composite family，common lawn weeds with jagged leaves，often used as greens，and yellow flowers蒲公英(属) pejorative (adj.) : disparaging or derogatory轻蔑的；贬低的
facetious (adj.) : joking or trying to be jocular，esp．at an imappropriate time滑稽的；诙谐的；(尤指在不适当的时候)开玩笑的
underling (n.) : a person in a subordinate position；inferior disparaging(通常作蔑词)下属； edict (n.) : an official public proclamation or order issued by authority；decree法令；命令；布告 immune (adj.) : exempt from or protected against something disagreeable or harmful不受影响的；可避免的
ultimatum (n.) : a final offer or demand，esp．by one of the parties engaged in negotiations，the rejection of which usually leads to a break in relations and unilateral action，the use of force etc．by the party issuing the ultimatum最后通牒
chimpanzee (n.) anthropoid ape of Africa，with black hair and large，outstanding ears(非洲)黑猩猩
短语 (Expressions)
make a point: explain fully what one is proposing充分解释
例： All fight，you’ve made your point；now keep quiet and let the others say what they think．好啦，你已经把话说清楚了；那就别说了，让别人谈谈看法。 in a flash: suddenly，very quickly转瞬间，立刻
例： Just wait here．I’u be back in a flash．就在这儿等我，我马上就回来。 on the rocks : (colloq．)in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe(婚姻)破坏的，失败的 例： Tim’s marriage is on the rocks．提姆的婚姻亮起了红灯。
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get out the bed on the wrong side: to be cross or grouchy早晨起来便心情不好 lay down : to assert or declare声明，颁布
例： The regulations lay down a rigid procedure for checking safety equipment．法令规定了一套严格的安检程序。
on wings : in flight；continually moving about像飞一样地，飘飘然 例： The birds are on wings in the sky．鸟儿在空中展翅高飞。 turn up one’s nose at : to sneer at，scorn嘲笑，轻蔑
例： The children turned up their noses at my home cooking．孩子们嘲笑我的厨艺。 in the shoes of : in another’s position站在别人的立场上，设身处地
例： I’m glad I’m not in his shoes with all those debts to pay off．我庆幸不用像他那样去偿还所有的债务。
come into one’s own : to receive what properly belongs to one，esp．acclaim or recognition得到自己该得的东西，如荣誉或世人的口碑
sit up : (colloq．)to。become suddenly alert；be surprised or startled吃惊，警觉
例： I called her a damned hypocrite and that made her sit up．我骂她惺惺作态，她马上警觉起来。
第四课 就职演说(1961年1月20日)
词汇(Vocabulary)
inaugural (adj.) : of an inauguration就职(典礼)的 signify (v.) : be a sign or indication of；mean表明；意味
almighty (adj.) : having unlimited power；all—powerful有无限权力的；全能的 forebear (n.) : an ancester 祖先，祖宗
prescribe (v.) : set down as a rule or direction；order；ordain；direct命令；指示；规定，订立 generosity (n.) : the quality of being generous慷慨；宽宏大量
heir (n.) : person who appears to get some trait from a predecessor or seems to carry on in his
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tradition继承者；后嗣 foe (n.) : enemy；opponent敌人
undoing (n.) : the act of bringing to ruin，disgrace，or destruction毁灭；破坏 at odds : in disagreement；quarreling意见不一致；有争执 asunder (adv.) : into parts or pieces分成碎片；分散
prey (n.) : a person or thing that falls victim to someone or something牺牲品；掠夺品 subversion (n.) : a subverting or being subverted．ruin 颠覆(活动)；破坏 sovereign (adj.) : independent of all others独立自主的 outpace (v.) : surpass；exceed在速度上超过；胜过
invective (n.) : a violent verbal attack．strong criticism，insults, curses, etc.; vituperation 抨击；辱骂，谩骂
shield (n.) : any person or thing that guards，protects，or defends; protection保护人；防护物；保护
writ (n.) : a formal legal document ordering or prohibiting some action命令；律令；文书；传票 adversary (n.) : a person who opposes or fights against another; opponent；enemy对手，反对者；敌手，敌方
anew (adv.) : again重新，再
unleash (v.) : release from or as from a leash(解开皮带以)释放 engulf (v.) : swallow up；overwhelm 吞没，淹没，压倒 civility (n.) : politeness．esp. in a merely formal way 礼貌，客气 belabor (v.) : talk about at unnecessary length唠唠叨叨地反复讲
formulate (v.) : put together and express (a theory．plan ,etc.)a systematic way系统地阐述(或提出)(理论、计划等)
tap (v.) : draw upon；make use of开发、发掘
heed (v.) : pay close attention to；take careful notice of注意, 留神，留心
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beachhead (n.) : a position established by invading troops on an enemy shore；a position gained as a secare starting point for any action；foothold滩头堡，登陆场；立足点 endeavor (n.) : an earnest attempt or effort努力，尽力
testimony (n.) : any form of evidence，indication. etc.；proof证明，证据
embattle (v.) : [常用于被动语态]prepare，array，or set in line for battle使准备战斗，使严阵以待
tribulation (n.) : great misery or distress, as from oppression；deep sorrow苦难；困苦；忧伤 forge (v.) : move forward steadily，as if against difficulties; form；produce(似乎迎着困难)稳步前进；形成；结成
alliance (n.) : a close association for a common objective as of nations，political parties，etc．联盟，联合，同盟 短语 (Expressions)
at issue : in dispute；to be decided；at variance；in disagreement意见不一致
例： What is at issue is the extent to which exam results reflect a student’s ability.意见的分歧之处在于考试对于学生能力的影响程度。
at odds : in disagreement；quarrelling；antagonistic意见不一致，有争执 例： IHe was at odds with his colleagues．他与同事意见不合。 east off : to discard；abandon；disown丢弃，摆脱
例： A haven of tranquility where you can cast off the strains and stress of life．一个可以摆脱生活重负的宁静港湾 beyond doubt : certainly毫无疑问
例： She was beyond doubt one of the finest swimmers in the school．毫无疑问，她在学校里游泳游得最棒。
第五课 爱情就是谬误
词汇(Vocabulary)
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fallacy (n.) : a false or mistaken idea，opinion，etc.；error谬论，谬见；错误
enterprising (adj.) :full of energy and initiative；willing to undertake new projects有进取心的；充满首创精神的；有胆量的
unfetter (v.) : free from fetters；free from restraint of any kind；liberate除掉?的脚镣；解放；使获得自由
limp (adj.) :1acking or having lost stiffness；flaccid；drooping，wilted柔软的
flaccid (adj.) : hanging in loose folds or wrinkles：soft and limp；flabby不结实的；松驰的；松软的
spongy (adj.) :of or like a sponge；soft and porous海绵(状)的；柔软有弹性的 pedantic (adj.) : of or like a pedant迂腐的，书呆子气的
trauma (n.) :a painful emotional experience，or shock．often producing a lasting psychic effect and sometimes a neurosis(精神)心灵创伤
calculating (adj.) : shrewd or cunning. esp. in a selfish way；scheming精明的；(尤指)专为自己打算的；有算计的
perspicacious (adj.) :having keen judgement or understanding；acutely perceptive聪颖的；敏锐的
astute (adj.) : having or showing a clever or shrewd mind：cunning；crafty；wily 聪明的，敏锐的；精明的；狡猾的 dynamo (n.) :generator发动机
scale (n.) : either of the shallow dishes or pans of a balance秤盘；天平盘 penetrating (adj.) :sharp；piercing锐利的
scalpel (n.) : a small，light，straight knife with a very sharp blade，used by surgeons and m anatomical dissections解剖刀，手术刀
faddist (n.) :a person who follows fads赶时髦的人
fad (n.) : a custom，style，etc．that many people are interested in for a short time；passing fashion；
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