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1. pick and choose--- Don't pick and choose, but take what's given to you.
Choose to do情愿做...---I choose to learn from it. 我选择从中吸取教训.
Have no choice but(to do)---除...外别无他法，不得不---If you press too hard,they would have no choice but to apply for bankruptcy. 你逼急了，它就只好破产.
2. 500 B. C---公元前500年; A. D. 500公元500年
3. civil servants文职人员; urban城市的---urbane有礼貌的，文雅的; rural乡村的---rustic土气的，粗俗的
4. claim既是名词也是动词---It is claimed that?有人说，据说，据称--- It is claimed that more petroleum may be preserved in stratigraphic than in structural traps. 有 人主张，地层圈闭也许比构造圈闭存有更多的石油.
Exclaim against injustice鸣不平---Widows exclaim loudly against second marriages.寡妇们大声非议再婚
Proclaim是一个及物动词，其主语只能是权力机关或政府领导---proclaim war宣战; proclaim a law宣布法律
5. classic意思是一流的，最上等的; classical才是”古典的”
6. find(meet) one’s match---找(遇)到对手
7. clean还可以做副词意思是”一干二净地，完全地”;---Sorry, I clean forgot. cleanly意思是”清洁地，干净利落地”
clear还有批准的意思，同样的clearance也可以做批准的名词
The plane tool off as soon as it was cleared.
The plane took off as soon as it got clearance.
Get clearance (for sth)---(为...)获得许可，批准--- They got clearance for their plan and started to reclaim valuable raw materials from industrial waste water. 计 划得到批准，他们开始从工业废水中回收有价值的原料.
Analyze the situation with clarity透彻地分析形式
declare的例句;He declared that it was true.= He declared it to be ture.
8. be in sb.'s clutches 在某人掌握之下;fall into the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制;fall out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆
脱］...的控制; get into the clutches o遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制; get out of the clutches of 遭［逃脱］...的毒手; 陷入［摆脱］...的控制 f
9. exclusive of=excluding不计...在内--- exclusive of all other expenses 除去其它一切费用不算
exclusive to为...所独享，独有--- ATM popularized the concept of QoS, but it is not exclusive to ATM. ATM(异步传输模式)使QoS概念广为人知，但它不是ATM 专有的.
Conclude除了表示做出结论和推论出以外，还可以表示”结束，完结);”缔结，协定”
Conclude (a) peace---缔结合约; conclude a meeting=close a meeting; The film closed/concluded with the heroine’s death.
In conclusion最后，总之--- In conclusion e wished us very success in our work. 最后，他祝我们工作顺利.
h10. make a close study of对...进行仔细研究--- Advertisers have made a close study of human nature and have classified all our little weaknesses. 广告者仔细研究 了人的本性并且把我们的各种小小弱点一一分类.
11. cloudy ideas模糊的观念
12. a collective opinion大家的意见; the collective wishes of the people---人民的共同愿望
recall/recollect +(doing) sth; recall强调一次回忆;recollect强调会议过程
colonialist殖民主义者，殖民主义的; colonist殖民者，移民
13. in combination with=together with
14. 在谈及income, expense, fortune,的时候不用much，little而使用large，small
15. demand后面使用demand sth of sb，而不是使用demand sb sth; demand在其后的that从句总使用should的虚拟语气，并且不存在deamd sb to do这种形式
I demanded an answer of him.
I demanded that John (should) go there at once.
16. communicate a disease to others传播疾病
immune是一个形容词，其有两个意思，在表示”免疫的，有免疫力的”时候，其后加to，在表示”免除的，豁免的”的时候，其后加from
Be immune to the disease; be immune from taxation
Immunize表示”使免疫”---Vaccination immunizes people against smallpox.
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1. in company with和...一起---My aunt came in company with her children. 我姑母是和她的孩子们一起来的.
Keep company with与...交往，与...形影不离(尤其是与情人)
Accompany是一个及物动词意思是”go with”，当表示伴奏的意思时加介词on/at---He accompanied her at/on the piano.
Keep sb company---Sit here and keep me company for a while.
Our teach accompanied us to the park.—我们的老师陪我们去公园.
Company做同伴的时候是集体名称不可数，companion是单数人称是可数的;a companion in war战友;the companions on the journey旅伴
2. compare在做与... 比较解释的时候可以用compare A with/to B; 当做”把比作的..”的时候只能用to
He compares my book with/to his.
He compares books to friends.
3. act on impulse意气用事---His friends advised him not to act on impulse and he should think carefully before his decision. 他的朋友劝告他不要意气用事,在作出 决定之前应该慎重考虑.
4. compete with/against for sth(compete是一个不及物动词);in competition with
5. complain that; complain to sb of/about sth; complain of doing sth
6. as/so far as?be concerned就...而言---As far as English is concerned, he is first in our class.
7. discern A and B; discern A from B; discern between A and B
8. on the condition that如果---I will come on condition that Mike is invited, too.
Be conditional on/upon---This is conditional on the overall plan.
Confident + of; confidence in
We have confidence in our future.
We are confident of our future.
9. in conflict with
to inflict…on/upon
The typhoon inflicted serious damages on the city.
The teacher inflicted punishment upon her.
10. consider做及物动词居多，也偶尔做不及物动词，consider +doing
I considered him a rascal.我认为他是个流氓.
He is considering going to Europe.
In consideration of
11. contents指书的目录或者容器内所装的物体;但是在讲”内容”的时候，需要使用content
12. continue的两个形容词，continual， continuous哪个拼写较长，哪个就表示”连续不断的”
13. in chord=in concert一齐，一致，共同
14. corps单复同刑，意思是”军团，军队”;corpse意思是”尸体”
15. dispute with sb about/over sth
reputation(for)可以指好名声，也可以指坏名声，强调人们心中的印象.Fame仅指好名声
He has a reputation for greediness.
A deputy for sb---某人的代理人; a deputy to( +组织，机构)...的代表
16. a country国家(可数); the country乡村(不可数，且必须加the)
17. counter除了做动词，还可以做副词 go(run) counter to one’s interest通个人利益相违背
Contradict是一个及物动词，所以contradict oneself; in contradiction with?
On the contrary用作连词; to the contrary用作形容词或副词
I thought he was a criminal; on the contrary, he was a policeman.