【答案】
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6.(2010 重庆)已知:如图,在直角梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC ,?ABC?90?.点E是
DC的中点,过点E作DC的垂线交AB于点P,交CB的延长线于点M.点F在线段ME上,且满足CF?AD,MF?MA. 全品中考网 (1)若?MFC?120?,求证:AM?2MB;
?(2)求证:?MPB?90?12?FCM.
ADFPMBEC24题图
【答案】
证明:(1)连结MD.··························································································· (1分)
∵点E是DC的中点,ME?DC,∴MD?MC. ········································ (2分)
又∵AD?CF,MF?MA,∴?AMD≌?FMC. ········································ (3分) ∴?MAD??MFC?120?.··········································································· (4分) ∵AD∥BC,?ABC?90?.
∴?BAD?90?,∴?MAB?30?. ·································································· (5分) 在Rt?AMB中,?MAB?30?, ∴BM?12AM,即AM?2BM.·································································· (6分)
(2)∵?AMD≌?FMC,∴?ADM??FCM. ∵AD∥BC,∴?ADM??CMD.
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∴?CMD??FCM. ··················································································· (7分) ∵MD?MC,ME?DC,∴?DME??CME?∴?CME?1212······················ (8分) ?CMD.·
················································································ (9分) ?FCM.·
12?FCM. (10分)
在Rt?MBP中,?MPB?90???CME?90??7.(2010 四川南充)如图,梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,点M是BC的中点,且MA=MD. 求证:四边形ABCD是等腰梯形.
A D B 【答案】证明:∵ MA=MD,∴ △MAD是等腰三角形,
∴ ∠DAM=∠ADM. ∵ AD∥BC,
∴ ∠AMB=∠DAM,∠DMC=∠ADM.
∴ ∠AMB=∠DMC. 又∵ 点M是BC的中点,∴ BM=CM. 在△AMB和△DMC中, ?AM?D,M? ??AMB??D,M C?BM?C,M?M C
∴ △AMB≌△DMC. ∴ AB=DC,四边形ABCD是等腰梯形.
8.(2010年上海)已知梯形ABCD中,AD//BC,AB=AD(如图7所示),∠BAD的平分线AE交BC于点E,连结DE.
(1)在图7中,用尺规作∠BAD的平分线AE(保留作图痕迹,不写作法),并证明四边形ABED是菱形;
(2)∠ABC=60°,EC=2BE,求证:ED⊥DC. B
【答案】证明:(1)如图∵AB=AD,AE为∠BAD的平分线,∴BG=DG,
∵AD//BC,∴∠ADG=∠GBE,∠DAG=∠GEB∴ΔADG≌ΔEGB,∴AG=GE, ∴四边形ABED为平行四边形,∵AB=AD,∴四边形ABED是菱形. (2)∵四边形ABED是菱形, ∠ABC=60°,∴∠DBE=∠BDE=30°,
∠BGE=90°,
ADAG图7
DCBEC第 13 页 共 46 页
设GE=a,∴BD=2BG=23a,BE=2a,CE=4a,BC=6a,∴
BDBC?BEBD?33,∵∠
DBE为公共角,
∴ΔBDE∽ΔBCD, ∴∠BDE=∠C,∴∠C=30°,∵DE∥AB,∴∠DEC=∠
ABC=60°,
∴∠CDE=90°,∴ ED⊥DC. 9.(2010重庆綦江县)如图,直角梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,∠A=90°,AB=AD=6,DE⊥DC交AB于E,DF平分∠EDC交BC于F,连结EF. (1)证明:EF=CF;
(2)当tan∠ADE=时,求EF的长.
31AEDBFC
【答案】解:(1)如图,过D作DG⊥BC于G,连结EF 由已知可得四边形ABGD为正方形 ∵DE⊥DC
∴∠ADE+∠EDG=90°=∠GDC+∠EDG ∴∠ADE=∠GDC
又∵∠A=∠DGC且AD=GD ∴△ADE≌△GDC ∴DE=DC且AE=GC
在△EDF和△CDF中
∠EDF=∠CDF,DE=DC,DF为公共边 ∴△EDF≌△CDF(SAS) ∴EF=CF
AEDBFGAEADC
(2)∵tan∠ADE=
?13 ∴AE=GC=2
设EF=x,则BF=8-CF=8-x,BE=4
2(8-x)+4 由勾股定理x=
2
2
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解得:x=5,∴EF=5.
10.(2010 江苏连云港)(本题满分10分)如果一条直线把一个平面图形的面积分成相等的
两部分,我们把这条直线称为这个平面图形的一条面积等分线.如,平行四边形的一条对线所在的直线就是平行四边形的一条面积等分线.
(1)三角形的中线、高线、角平分线分别所在的直线一定是三角形的面积等分线的有________;
(2)如图1,梯形ABCD中,AB∥DC,如果延长DC到E,使CE=AB,连接AE,那
么有S
梯形ABCD
=S△ABE.请你给出这个结论成立的理由,并过点A作出梯形ABCD
的面积等分线(不写作法,保留作图痕迹);
(3)如图,四边形ABCD中,AB与CD不平行,S△ADC>S△ABC,过点A能否作出四边
形ABCD的面积等分线?若能,请画出面积等分线,并给出证明;若不能,说明理由.
【答案】
E
C
图1
D
C
图2
D
BABA
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