课文详注 Further notes on the text 1．My name's = My name is。
这是自我介绍时通常使用的句型：My name is?（后面加上自己的姓名）。有时也可用I'm?这一句型。
2．Are you French，too？你也是法国人吗？
在英语中，too和either两个词都表示“也”的意思，然而too仅用于肯定句中，either 则限于用在否定句中。too和either一般都放在句末，且前面通常用逗号隔开。例如： Is Sophie Italian, too? 索菲娅也是意大利人吗？
Is Robert a keyboard operator, too? 罗伯特也是电脑录入员吗？
3．What nationality are you？你是哪国人？
此问句用来询问对方的国籍。也可以问 Where are you from？或 Where do you come from？
4．What's your job？你是做什么工作的？
What's =What is。询问对方从事何种职业时还可以说：What do you do？ 5．I'm an engineer．我是工程师。
I'm／aim／=I am。口语中经常使用这种缩略形式。英语不定冠词有两个：a，an。在发音以元音音素开头的词前面用an，在发音以辅音音素开头的词前面用a。engineer／?enDNi'ni+／的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以前面要用an。（可参见Lessons 5～6 中的有关说明。）
6．数字16～20的英文写法
16—sixteen 17—seventeen 18—eighteen
19—nineteen 20—twenty 语法 Grammar in use
以疑问词what所引导的特殊疑问句 （可参见 Lessons 5～6中的有关说明。）What?？这一问句可以用来询问国籍、工作等等： What nationality are you? 你是哪国人？ What's your job? 你是干什么的？
对于以上两个问句可如下回答： I'm Swedish. 我是瑞典人。 I'm an air hostess. 我是一名空中小姐。
现在不妨改用第3人称单数来进行类似的问答： 词汇学习 Word study 1．job n. （1）职业： What's your job? 你是做什么工作的？ （2）（一件）工作，活计：
The whole job takes about 40 minutes. 整个工作大约需要四十分钟。 （3）职责：
It's your job to be on time. 准时是你应该做到的事。 2．nurse
（1）n．护士；照料者： Is she a nurse or a housewife? 她是护士还是家庭主妇？ （2）v．照料；照看：
All her time goes into nursing her child.
她把全部时间都花于照看自己的孩子上了。 （3）v ．养护；培养： nurse a young tree 养护树苗
nurse an author of promise 培养有前途的作家 练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 8 A
1 My name is Robert. I am a student. I am Italian. 2 Sophie is not Italian. She is French.
3 Mr. Black is my teacher. He is not French. B
1 What's his job? Is he a policeman? Yes, he is.
2 What's her job? Is she a policewoman? Yes, she is. 3 What's his job? Is he a taxi driver? Yes, he is. 4 What's her job? Is she an air hostess? Yes, she is. 5 What's his job? Is he a postman? Yes, he is. 6 What's her job? Is she a nurse? Yes, she is. 7 What's his job? Is he a mechanic? Yes, he is. 8 What's his job? Is he a hairdresser? Yes, he is. 9 What's her job? Is she a housewife? Yes, she is. 10 What's his job? Is he a milkman? Yes, he is. Lessons9-10
课文详注 Further notes on the text 1．How are you today？你今天好吗？
这是朋友或相识的人之间见面时问对方身体情况的寒暄话，一般回答语为： Fine, thank you. 很好，谢谢。
I'm fine, thank you. 很好，谢谢
I'm very well, thank you. 很好，谢谢。
如问及对方的先生或太太的情况，可以说 How is Tony？或How's Emma？等。 相应的回答可为 He's fine，thanks 或 She's very well，thankyou等。 2．And you？你好吗？
是And how are you？的简略说法。在回答对方问候健康的话之后反问时用。 3．数字21与22的英文写法
21—twenty-one 22—twenty-two 语法 Grammar in use
1．How?？ 的一些社交上的用法
how 是一个表示“如何”的疑问词，可以用来引导一些用于社交场合的套话： （1）用于询问健康状况或一般生活情况： How are you? 你好吗？
How is Helen today? 海伦今天好吗？ How have you been? 你一向可好？
（2）How do you do？（你好吗？）是正式介绍中的一句套话，从不用来询问健康： （3）how 经常用在询问目前状况的疑问句里，如： How's life? 生活如何？
How are things? 情况怎样？ How's work? 工作怎么样？
2．形容词的意义与作用
（1）形容词修饰名词所指的人、物等。我们用形容词说明人、物等是什么样或看上去是什么样的。例如，形容词可以表示质量、大小、新旧、温度、形状、颜色、产地。
（2）许多形容词可用以回答 What?like？这样的问题，并可根据上下文给出笼统的或确切的信息。例如：
（3）英语中形容词作定语时一般置于名词之前，如： a young nurse 一位年轻的护士 an old mechanic 一位老机械师
a lazy housewife 一个懒惰的家庭主妇 a thin woman 一个瘦瘦的女人 词汇学习 Word study 1．look v.
（1）看，瞧，观，望： Look at that man. Is he thin? 瞧那个男人。他瘦吗？
Look carefully before you cross the street. 过马路前要仔细看清来往车辆。 （2）面向，朝向：
The room looks on the sea. 房间面向大海。
Two windows look to the south. 两扇窗子朝南。 2．fine adj.
（1）健康的；舒适的： How is Steven today? 史蒂文今天怎么样？ （2）极好的，优秀的： a fine view 美好的景色
a fine teacher 一位优秀教师 （3）优雅的，雅致的：
He is a man with fine manners. 他是一个举止优雅的男人。
练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 10 A
1 Mr. Blake isn't a student. He's a teacher. 2 This isn't my umbrella. It's your umbrella.
3 Sophie isn't a teacher. She's a keyboard operator. 4 Steven isn't cold. He's hot.
5 Naoko isn't Chinese. She's Japanese. 6 This isn't a German car. It's a Swedish car. B
1 Look at that man. He's very fat.
2 Look at that woman. She's very thin. 3 Look at that policeman. He's very tall. 4 Look at that policewoman. She's very short. 5 Look at that mechanic. He's very dirty. 6 Look at that nurse. She's very clean. 7 Look at Steven. He's very hot. 8 Look at Emma. She's very cold. 9 Look at that milkman. He's very old.
10 Look at that air hostess. She's very young. 11 Look at that hairdresser. He's very busy. 12 Look at that housewife. She's very lazy. Lessons11-12
课文详注 Further notes on the text 1．Whose shirt is that？那是谁的衬衫？ 这是特殊疑问句。读时用降调。 2．Yes，sir？什么事，先生？
请参见 Lessons 1～2课文详注以及 Lessons 3～4课文详注。 3．Here you are．给你。
是给对方东西时的习惯用语。递给对方东西或对方在找某物而你指出该物在什么地方时，往往用这种表达方式。也可以说：Here it is（指单数的物）或 Here they are（指复数的物）。句中的are和is一般应重读。
4．非省略形式和省略形式之间的关系 it is not = it isn't = it's not。 5．数字30的英文写法 30 —thirty
语法 Grammar in use
1．以疑问词 whose 引导的特殊疑问句
（1）用来询问所有关系。所有者总是一个人而且期望得到的回答是某人的名字加-'s形式（如 Tim's蒂姆的），或者是一个所有格代词（如 mine我的）。 （2）这时 whose 也可在句子中作表语，如：
（3）当所有关系中指的是某件东西或某种物质时，whose后面的名词可以省略： 2．所有格形容词和所有格代词（1） （1）所有格形容词与所有格代词都表示所有，即某人或某物属于某一个人，回答以whose引导的问句。所有格形容词my，your等是限定词，必须始终放在名词之前，只能作定语。它们的形式取决于所有者，而不是被拥有的东西。所有格代词mine，yours等不能用在名词前，并且在说话时要加重语气。它们指人或物，单数或复数都一样。请见下表： 如：
This is my car. 这是我的汽车。（定语） That is her coat. 这是她的上衣。（定语）
Your car is red，mine is blue.
你的车是红色的，我的是蓝色的。（主语） This book is his，not yours. 这本书是他的，不是你的。（表语） I have my way, and she has hers. 我有我的处事方式，她有她的。（宾语）
（2）名词所有格是在词尾加-'s构成的，不仅可作定语，还可作表语： Is this Dave's shirt?
这是戴夫的衬衫吗？（作定语）
Whose is that shirt? Is it your daughter's?
那条裙子是谁的？是你女儿的吗？（作表语） 练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 12 A
1 Stella is here. That is her car.
2 Excuse me, Steven. Is this your umbrella? 3 I am an air hostess. My name is Britt. 4 Paul is here, too. That is his coat. B
1 Whose is this handbag? It's Stella 's. It's her handbag. 2 Whose is this car? It's Paul's. It's his car.
3 Whose is this coat? It's Sophie 's. It's her coat.
4 Whose is this umbrella? It's Steven's. It's his umbrella. 5 Whose is this pen? It's my daughter's. It's her pen. 6 Whose is this dress? It's my son's. It's his dress. 7 Whose is this suit? It's my father's. It's his suit. 8 Whose is this skirt? It's my mother's. It's her skirt. 9 Whose is this blouse? It's my sister's. It's her blouse. 10 Whose is this tie? It's my brother's. It's his tie. 11 Whose is this pen? It's Sophie's. It's her pen.