学生们当堂把全部作业都完成了。 He is without work. 他失业了。
练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 38 A
1 What are you doing? We are reading.
2 What are they doing? They are doing their homework. 3 What is he doing? He is working hard.
4 What are you doing? I am washing the dishes. B
1 What are you going to do? I'm going to shave.
What are you doing now? I'm shaving.
2 What are you going to do? I'm going to wait for a bus. What are you doing now? I'm waiting for a bus.
3 What are you going to do? I'm going to do my homework. What are you doing now? I'm doing my homework.
4 What are you going to do? I'm going to listen to the stereo. What are you doing now? I'm listening to the stereo. 5 What are you going to do? I'm going to wash the dishes. What are you doing now? I'm washing the dishes. Lessons39-40
课文详注 Further notes on the text 1． Don't do that.不要放在那儿。
在英文中需用祈使语气来表示直接的命令、建议等多种意图。而祈使句的否定式则由Don't（或Do not）+动词原形构成，又如课文中的Don't drop it!（别摔了！）等句子。（请参见本课语法部分。）
2．Give it to me.把它给我。
在第21课有give me a book这样的句型，在本课中又出现了give it to me的句型。
在动词give后面可以有两个宾语：即直接宾语（指物，如a book, it）和间接宾语（指人，如me）。如果直接宾语置于动词give之后，间接宾语之前则带to。再比较一下下列句式： Show her the magazine. 给她那本杂志。 Show it to her. 把它给她。 Give me that knife. 给我那把小刀。 Give it to me. 把它给我。 3．in front of，在??前面。
有别于in the front of，在??的前部。 4．There we are!就放在那里!
在这里表示说话人的满意心情，可理解为“好了”、“行了”等。 语法 Grammar in use 祈使句的否定缩略式
形式为Don't（或Do not）+动词原形，如： Don't wait! 别等了！
Don't speak to me like that! 别那样跟我讲话！
使用祈使句时，重音、语调、手势和面部表情，尤其是情境和上下文，都说明这种形式用于表示是否友好、不客气、愤怒、不耐烦、有说服性等。一般而言，祈使句的否定式通常用Don't来表示，完整形式Do not主要用于正式文告中。 词汇学习 Word study 1．drop v. （1）（失手）落下；掉下；放下： Be careful! Don't drop it. 小心！别摔了。
She dropped her knife and fork and hurried to answer the phone. 她放下刀叉赶紧去接电话。 （2）（使）滴下；滴水： Tears dropped from her face. 泪珠从她的脸上滑落。 （3）（使）下降；降低： He dropped his voice. 他把声音放低了些。
Yesterday the temperature dropped to 8℃ below zero. 昨天气温下降到了摄氏零下8度。 2．send v. （1）送给；寄：
She is going to send a letter to her sister. 她准备给她的姐姐寄封信。 I'll send him a present. 我将给他送去一件礼物。
（2）差遣；命（或请）??去： He sent his secretary for a doctor. 他派他的秘书去请医生了。
Her mother often sends her to the store for some groceries. 她母亲经常差遣她去商店买些杂货。 练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 40 A
1 Send that letter to George. 2 Take those flowers to her.
3 Show that picture to me.
4 Give these books to Mrs. Jones.
5 Give these ice creams to the children. B
1 I'm going to put it on. 2 I'm going to take them off. 3 I'm going to turn them on. 4 I'm going to turn it off. 5 I'm going to put it on. 6 I'm going to take it off. 7 I'm going to turn them on. 8 I'm going to turn it off. 9 I'm going to turn them off. 10 I'm going to turn it on. Lessons41-42
课文详注 Further notes on the text 1．Not very.不太重。
是It is not very heavy的省略形式。口语中回答问题时，常把主语、动词和宾语都省略，只剩一个副词、一个副词词组或一个动词不定式短语等. 2．Put it on this chair.把它放在这把椅子上。
it指bag。在没有扶手的椅子上用on，在有扶手的椅子上用in。如： sit on a chair坐在椅子上
sit in an armchair 坐在扶手椅里
3．cheese, bread, soap, chocolate, milk, sugar, coffee, tea, tobacco
这些词都是不可数名词。不可数名词前面不能加a或an，也没有复数形式。如果想表示“一些”之意，可用some，any等词。some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句。（可参见Lessons 27～28语法部分。） 如果要表示“一块”、“一张”、“一条”等，需加如a piece of这表示数量的短语。本课表示数量的短语还有： a loaf of 一个 a bar of 一条 a bottle of 一瓶 a pound of 一磅
half a pound of 半磅 a quarter of 四分之一 a tin of 一听
4．a loaf of bread，一个面包。 指西餐中切成片吃的整个面包。 5．a bar of chocolate，一块巧克力。
指一长条巧克力糖。这种形状的巧克力有时也可称为一块巧克力。 语法 Grammar in use there＋be结构（3）
当there＋be后跟单数名词或不可数名词时，动词be的一般现在时形式为is；当后面跟复数名词时，动词用are。如果后跟几个并列名词，而第一个名词是单数，动词仍用is。there
＋be后面的名词是句子的主语。如： There is a hammer on the bookcase. 书箱上有个鎯头。（单数名词） There is some tea in the cup. 杯子里有些茶水。（不可数名词）
There are three bottles of milk on the table. 桌子上有3瓶牛奶。（不可数名词，用复数量词修饰） There is a pen, two books and a knife on the desk. 课桌上有一枝钢笔、两本书和一把小刀。（第一个并列名词是单数） 也请参见Lessons 19～20以及Lessons 27～28语法部分。 词汇学习 Word study 1．bar n. （1）条；块：
He has just had a chocolate bar. 他刚刚吃了一块巧克力。 （2）（门、窗的）闩；杆： He is now behind bars. 他现在被关在监狱里。（bar指窗上装有铁栅栏，behind bars是一种非正式固定用语，意为in prison，关在监狱里。） （3）酒吧（间）：
The bar is very crowded. 酒吧里人很拥挤。 2．pound n.
（1）磅；常衡磅（分成16盎司，等于0.4536千克，略作1b.）；金衡磅（分成等于0.3732千克，略作1b. t.）： It weighs 15 pounds. 它的重量为15磅。
Give me a pound of sugar, please. 请给我1磅糖。
（2）英镑（英国货币单位，简写为￡，全称为pound sterling）：The shirt costs me ￡ 20. 买这件衬衣花了我20镑。
Half a pound of coffee costs one pound. 半磅咖啡的价格是一英镑。
练习答案 Key to written exercises Lesson 42 A
1 Is there any bread in the kitchen? 2 There's a loaf on the table.
3 There's some coffee on the table, too. 4 There isn't any chocolate on the table. 5 There's a spoon on that dish.
6 Is there any soap on the dressing table? B
1 Is there a spoon here?
12盎司， Yes, there is. There's one on the plate. 2 Is there a tie here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the chair. 3 Is there any milk here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the table. 4 Is there a hammer here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the bookcase. 5 Is there any tea here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the table. 6 Is there a vase here?
Yes, there is. There's one on the radio. 7 Is there a suit here?
Yes, there is. There's one in the wardrobe. 8 Is there any tobacco here?
Yes, there is. There's some in the tin. 9 Is there any chocolate here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the desk. 10 Is there any cheese here?
Yes, there is. There's some on the plate. Lessons43-44
课文详注 Further notes on the text
1． Can you make the tea, Sam? 你会沏茶吗，萨姆？
make the tea,沏茶。句中can是英语中最常见的几个情态助动词之一，请参见本课语法部分。
2．behind，在??的后面。
与in front of（在??前面）互为反义词。 3．The kettle's boiling!水开了!
这里的kettle =water in the kettle。用容器来指代容器内的东西是一种修辞格，叫借代（metonymy/i'mtnmi/）。 语法 Grammar in use can(1)
can是英语中最常用的几个情态助动词之一，它本身不表示动作，只表示体力或脑力方面的能力或客观可能等。它必须与其他动词连用，本身没有性和数的变化。如： I can see some coffee on the table. 我能看到桌子上的一些咖啡。 Can Sam read this book? 萨姆看得懂这本书吗？
can的否定形式为can not, cannot或can't（省略式）： I can't see any coffee. 我看不见什么咖啡。 He can't find the cups. 他找不到杯子。
词汇学习 Word study 1．find v.
（1）找到；寻得：
It is most important to find a suitable person for the job.