例如：
It’s possible (that) there’ll be a vacancy. 可能会有空缺。
It is reported that the troops have already crossed the border. 报道说军队已经越过边界。 My advice is (that) you should sell. 我的意见是你应该卖出。 I assure you (that) they’ll be perfectly safe with us. 我向你保证，他们和我们在一起十分安全。
I prefer his plan to yours, in that his is more practical. 我看他的计划比你的好，因为他的更实际。
I’m well aware (that) very few jobs are available. 我很清楚工作职位非常少。
Are you positive (that) you’ve never seen that man before? 你肯定从没有见过那个人吗？ The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everybody in the office. 最近谁也没有见到过他，这让办公室的同事们很不安。
No one disputes the fact that the accident could have been avoided. 谁都不否认那事故本来是能够避免的。
I couldn’t see how they would manage without her. 要是没有她，我无法想象他们该怎么办。
The problem is where we can get the necessary funds. 问题是我们可从哪儿获得必需的资金。
This is the most detailed map that has ever been published. 这是已出版的地图中最详细的一种。
The first thing that came into my sight was a small hut half-hidden among the trees. 首先映入我眼帘的是半掩在树丛中的一间小屋。
I live in a dormitory whose residents come from many different countries. 我住在一个集体宿舍，里边的人来自许多不同的国家。
He lives in a town the inhabitants of which speak French. 他住在一个小镇里，镇上的居民讲法语。
Professor Wilson – whom you met this morning – is an excellent lecture. 威尔逊教授你早上见过，他讲课很出色。
The meeting was put off, which was exactly that he wanted. 会议延期了，这正是他求之不得的事。
He is absent, as is often the case. 他就像经常的那样，没有来。
As (was) expected, he performed the task with success. 不出所料，他成功地完成了任务。 David, as you know, has not been well lately. 如你所知，大卫近来身体不适。 Take whichever seat you like. 你想坐哪个座位就坐哪个座位。
They amounted to near twenty thousand pounds, which to pay would have ruined me. 其总数几乎达到两万英镑，假如让我赔偿，我非倾家荡产不可。
Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries, who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective governments. 中国派出一些贸易代表团出访非洲各国，以便同有关政府洽谈贸易协议。
There was something original, independent, and heroic about the plan that pleased all of them. 这个方案有创见，有特色，而且有魅力，因而博得了他们所有人的欢心。
He wanted changes, and those changes would benefit not the rich to whose schools he had gone and in whose circles he had moved, but the oppressed. 他要进行改革，而这些改革将有利于受压迫者却无利于富人，尽管他本人毕业于富人的学校，跻身于富人的社会圈子。
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三、状语从句的翻译
英语状语从句可以表示时间、原因、条件、目的、让步等。在翻译时，可以根据英语句子的逻辑关系和实际含义，在译文中进行相应的结构和语义调整，转换成表示时间、原因、条件、目的、让步等的汉语偏正复句中的主句或分句，根据实际情况可以前置或后置。
例如：
She left school when she was eleven. 她在11岁时辍学。
The thought grew as the day passed. 随着时间的推移，这个想法越来越强烈了。 I was taking a walk when I came across him. 当时我正在散步，碰巧遇见了他。
I was about to go to sleep, when there was a knock on the window. 我正要去睡觉，忽然听见有人敲窗户。
Hardly had I seen the lightning, when I heard a loud thundering. 我刚看到闪电，接着便听到了巨大的雷声。
No sooner had she sat down than the phone rang. 她刚坐下电话铃便响了。 All things are difficult before they are easy. 凡事都是先难后易。
It would be months before he was fit for work. 他的身体得恢复几个月后才能上班。 He has been in politics since he was at university. 从读大学时起他就一直参与政治。 It is / has been three months since we last met. 自从我们上次见面以来，已有三个月了。 He will starve before he will steal. 他宁愿饿死也决不偷东西。
Most forecasters believe that unemployment will rise to about 9 percent before it eases next year. 大多数观察家认为，失业率将上升到大约9％，到明年才会有所缓和。
When a representative exceeds his allotted time, the President shall call him to order without delay. 如果哪位代表发言超过了规定的时间，主席应立即敦促他遵守规定。
四、被动语态的翻译
英汉两种语言都有主动语态和被动语态，英语句中被动语态使用范围很广泛。英语中含有被动语态的句子译成汉语时很多情况下可以译成主动句，但也可以保持被动语态。一般情况下，英语中被动语态的句子可以译成汉语主动句，一般不用改变原句的结构，原文中的主语在译文中仍然作主语，也可以作宾语，也可译成带表语的主动句（即汉语的系表结构），有时可以加主语，也可不加主语；英语中被动语态的句子可以译成汉语被动句，可以使用“被”、“给”、“（遭）受”、“为…….所”、“把”、“使”、“由”、“予以”等。有时以“it”作形式主语的英语句子翻译时译文常常改为主动式，根据实际情况有时可以不加主语，有时可以加上不确定的主语，如“有人”、“大家”、“人们”、“我们”、“据”等。
例如：
Such items should be carefully packed. 这种物品应该仔细包装。 You’ll be told in advance. 你会提前得到通知。
The house was believed to be haunted. 大家认为这房子里闹鬼。 The original has been destroyed. 原件已经被毁。
His knees have been operated on three times. 他的膝盖动过三次手术。
His retirement is very much looked forward to by the office staff. 办公室职员都急切盼望他退休。
That department was done away with several years ago. 那个部门在几年前撤销了。 The skier was hospitalized with a broken leg. 滑雪者由于摔断了一条腿被送往医院。
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She realized that she had been taken advantage of. 她意识到自己被人利用了。
This view has been challenged by a number of workers. 这个观点受到一些工人的质疑。 The trees were decorated with thousands of light. 树上点缀着数千只灯。
It is assumed that the government will remain in power. 人们认为本届政府将继续执政。 It was estimated that the work would take three months. 估计这项工作需要三个月。
It is suggested that we (should) tackle the problem. 我们被建议用另一种方式处理这个问题。
Membership fees should be paid to the club secretary. 会费应缴给俱乐部秘书。
They were assured that everything possible was being done. 已经向他们保证，凡是能做到的都在做。
In many ways the party could be considered successful. 聚会从许多方面看都是成功的。 He was found to have a large fortune. 人们发现他有一大笔财产。
Such issues are often settled through negotiation. 这种问题常常通过谈判解决。 Are you done with the newspaper? 你看完报纸了吗？
The crew were trained at Florida. 这批机组人员是在佛罗里达培训的。
The link between industrial demand and demand for commodities is being weakened by changes in the pattern of economic growth. 由于经济增长格局发生了变化，工业需求与对商品的需求之间的联系也在减弱。
Imagine that one or other continent is left out or forgotten, reduced to its poverty and its disorder, what will happen to the others? 设想一下，假如这块或那块大陆被忽视或遗忘，变得贫穷、混乱，其他大陆将会发生什么情况呢？
五、英汉翻译练习题
1. He wished he were at home. Ordinarily, he would have been there three hours ago. 2. Illogically, she had expected some kind of miracle solution.
3. But, occasionally, through haste or carelessness, mistakes were made, so that at the end of the business day one teller would be short on cash, the other long.
4. Doctors and men both talked about a miracle drug constantly almost with awe.
5. He wanted to tell John how surprised he was at his knowledge but embarrassment made him hold his peace.
6. The four men huddled there and said nothing. They dared not smoke. They would not move. 7. And as she thought, it became more involved. Hardly to understand. 8. When I came to the summit, I became very excited.
9. Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily, only a few questions of secondary importance remain to be discussed.
10. After a while an agreement was arrived at.
11. My first thirty years were spent in Western America. 12. Eventually, of course, the plan was abandoned.
13. Rainbows are formed when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. 14. Hitler was also washed away by the storms of history. 15. She was blamed for everything her sisters did.
16. He was regarded as a Republican by everybody, even though had always thought of himself as an ―Independent‖.
17. What has happened is no surprise to us. We all know well enough what he is.
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18. The king declared, ―Whoever makes my daughter laugh shall marry her.‖
19. It was in vain that the old lady asked her if she was aware she was speaking to Miss Pinkerton. 20. It’s a pity that you live at such a distance.
21. A principle of science tells what usually happens under certain conditions.
22. She had explained that interviews were the only way to keep the case in public consciousness. 23. ―If I have seen farther than other man, it is because I have stood on the shoulders of giants.‖(Newton)
24. The meeting was to take place at a hotel, the Park Hotel on Nanjing Road. 25. This is the soldier who just returned from the front.
26. Those who sacrifice themselves for the people’s cause are the real heroes of history. 27. Oxygen is a gas which unites with many substances.
28. There are some metals which possess the power to conduct electricity. 29. Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the French revolution. 30. He said that this was a good suggestion, which he would look into. 31. He gave me a fountain pen, which I kept to this day.
32. Nevertheless the problem was solved successfully, which showed that the computations were accurate.
33. He did not remember his father who died when he was three years old.
34. But he did not talk at length about the matter, which was not considered by the White House to be a particularly important question.
35. He insisted on buying another coat, which he had no use for.
36. He wishes to write an article that will attract public attention to the matter.
37. Anyone who thinks that rational knowledge need not be derived from perceptual knowledge is an idealist.
38. Mary had scarcely heard the news when she wept aloud.
39. We had barely dropped off to sleep when the doorbell began to ring. 40. We had to put the meeting off since so many people were absent.
41. They support the holding of a summit conference no matter whether this sort of conference will make achievement or not.
42. I’ll never give in, no matter what happens.
43. we do not read history simply for pleasure, but in order that we may discover the laws of political growth and change.
44. And he knew how ashamed he would have been if she had known his mother and the kind of place in which he was born, and the kind of people among whom he was born. 45. I was practically on my knees but he still refused.
附：翻译经典研究（3）
1. 谈读书
OF STUDIES
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By Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根
1、Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 东旭译文：读书是为了娱乐、装饰和增长才能。
水天同译文：读书为学的用途是娱乐、装饰和增长才识。
王楫译文：读书可以怡情养性，可以摭拾文采。可以增长才干。 王佐良译文：读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。 高健译文：学之为用有三：充娱乐、供装饰、长才干也。
何新译文：读书可以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可以增长才干。 陈才宇译文：读书可以作为娱乐，作为装饰，作为能力的培养。 姚宗立译文：学习以获乐趣，以装饰门面，以求才能。 廖运范译文：读书能给人乐趣、文雅和能力。
曹明伦译文：读书之用有三：一为怡神旷心，二为增趣添雅，三为长才益智。 陈毅平译文：读书可以娱乐，可以装饰，可以增长才干。
2、Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 东旭译文：其娱乐方面的主要用途在于独处和隐退之时；其装饰方面的主要用途在于言谈之
中；其增长才能方面的主要用途在于对事务的判断和处理。
水天同译文：在娱乐上学问的主要的用处是幽居养静；在装饰上学问的用处是辞令；在长才
上学问的用处是对于事务的判断和处理。
王楫译文：在幽居独处时，最能体现其怡情养性的作用；在与朋交谈中，最能体现其摭拾文
采的作用；在处世论事之际，最能体现其增长才干的作用。
王佐良译文：其怡情也，最见于独幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，
最见于处世判事之际。
高健译文：充娱乐主要见之于退居独处之时，供装饰于谈吐之顷，而长才干则于事务之判断
处理。
何新译文：孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消遣。高谈阔论时，知识可供装饰。处世行事时，正确运
用知识意味着才干。
陈才宇译文：娱乐的作用通常见于离群独处时；装饰的作用体现在高谈阔论中；至于才能，
则表现在裁处事务上。
姚宗立译文：为获乐趣的学习主要在个人独处之中；为装饰门面的学习表现在言谈之中；而
求才能的学习用于鉴别与处理事务之中。
廖运范译文：人们独居或退隐的时候，最能体会到读书的乐趣；谈话的时候，最能表现出读
书的文雅；判断和处理事物的时候，最能发挥由读书而获得的能力。
曹明伦译文：怡神旷心最见于蛰伏幽居，增趣添雅最见于高谈雄辩，而长才益智则最见于处
事辩理。
陈毅平译文：其主要用途，就娱乐而言，体现在独处幽居的时候；就装饰而言，体现在交谈
的时候；就增长才干而言，体现在判断处理事务的时候。
3、For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. 东旭译文：因为虽然有实践经验的人能完成特定工作，而且也许还能对个别的事情一一作出
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