们不知道有什么不同，而是一紧张就很容易忽视了）。说到语法错误，我可以说，我们中国学生最最最常犯的语法错误都是非常低级（请参考part.4内容）。
Part 3. 雅思写作7分所需要的词汇
(a). 雅思写作必备连词--只要掌握了这些连词，就能符合到coherence and cohesion 7分以上的要求
以下为英语写作(雅思写作，学术论文等)必备的连词汇总。以下的内容参考了悉尼大学本科学生orientation handbook里面关于如何preparing for essays的总结，再加上本人的积累。有些连词与下面的句型汇总重合，请以句型汇总为重点。对于应该雅思写作和大学学术论文绝对绰绰有余，希望能帮助大家。
为了更好地分享我的经验，我将以下的词语划分成三组
? ? ?
用下划线highlight的是适用那些总感觉雅思写作写不长、写不满250字、需要灌水的同学 用粗体highlight的是适用于那些每次都写得太长、写爆格，务实的同学 用斜体highlight的是适用于那些有强烈大词欲，渴望用大词整死考官的同学
? To signal sequence or addition
Accordingly, actually, additionally, afterwards, again, also, and, another, as was previously stated, as well as, at the same time, besides this, consistent with this, correspondingly, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, in addition, in a like manner, in the first place, in the same way, including, initially, last, likewise, more importantly, moreover, next, originally, overall, primarily, similarly, to begin with, too, what is more.
? To signal time
After, afterward, as long as, at first, at last, at length, at the same time, before, concurrently, currently, during, finally, following, immediately, in the future, in the meantime, last but not least, later, meanwhile, next, once, presently, rarely, simultaneously, sometimes, subsequently, then, this time, until, until then, whenever, while.
? To show results
Accordingly, as a result, consequently, for this reason, hence, in other words, in that case, it follows that, it is evident that, otherwise, owing to, resulting from this, so it can be seen that, that being the case, therefore this implies, this suggests that, thus, under these circumstances. ? To introduce evidence/support/reasons
Contradictory to this, contrarily, in support of this, it follows, this is clear because, the evidence for···is, the reasons for···are, this is supported by, to affirm this, to attest to this, to corroborate, to explain, to further confirm, to further verify, to list, to substantiate this, in substantiation.
? To signal repetition, summary, or conclusion
Accordingly, all in all, all together, as a final point, as a result, as I have noted, as indicated earlier, as mentioned, as previously stated, as we have seen, briefly, by and large, consequently, finally, given these facts, hence, in brief, in conclusion, in other words, in short, in summary, to sum up, in summation, on the whole, overall, since, so, summing up, then, therefore, thus, thus we can see that, to conclude, to recapitulate, to repeat, to review.
? To introduce causes or effects
Accordingly, as a result, because, consequently, due to, for as much as, for that reason, hence, in as much as, in that, in view of, on account of, owing, since, then, therefore, thus, to narrow the focus, after all, from this perspective, from this point of view, given this context, in fact, in order to, in other words, in particular, in this case, in this context, indeed, particularly, put another way, specifically, that is, this is particularly true when, under certain, circumstances, up to a point, with this in mind. ? To contrast,
After all, although, alternately, and yet, at the same time, be that as it may, bu, contrastingly,
conversely, despite, dissimilarly, even though, for all that, however, in contrast, in contrast to this, in
opposition to this, in reality, in spite of this, inconsistent with this is that, instead, meanwhile, nevertheless, nonetheless, notwithstanding, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, paradoxically, rather than, regardless of, still, though, whereas, when in fact, yet.
? To compare
Also, analogous to, another similar issue is, at the same time, by the same token, equally, in comparison, in like manner, in similar fashion, in the same way, likewise, similarly.
? To clarify
In other words, that is, that is to say, this means that, to clarify, to elaborate, to explain, to paraphrase, to put it another way. ? To show purpose
In order to, in the hope that, for the purpose, with this end, to the end that, with this objective
? To dismiss
All the same, at any rate, either way, in any event, in either case, whatever happens.
? To signal concession
Admittedly, albeit, although it is true that certainly, even so, granted, it may appear that, knowing this, naturally, of course, this is only the case when, while this is true, while it may seem that. ? To signify a condition
Granting that, in the event of, on the condition that, providing that, so long as
? To prove examples
As an illustration, by way of example, for example, for instance, in particular, in support of this, notably, to demonstrate, to elaborate, to exemplify, to highlight, to illustrate, specifically, that is.
? To reference
Concerning this, considering this, with respect to, with regards to ? To emphasise
Above all, as a matter of fact, certainly, chiefly, especially, importantly, in any case, in particular, indeed, it must be emphasised, that, mainly, mostly, notably, obviously, of course, particularly, primarily, specifically, truly, undoubtedly.
(b). 雅思写作必备同义词代换--只要掌握了这些连词，就能游刃有余地驾驭我们想要表达的观点，满足lexcial resource 7分要求
对于雅思写作，总有那么一个问题绕不开，那就是我们究竟需要积累多少个单词才能写出一篇能够完整表达我们观点的文章。有的老师说最起码要有6级的词汇量，有的老师(慎小嶷)说熟记286个单词就足够~~根据本人的经验，我觉得在一开始备考的时候，完全没有必要去考虑我们究竟需要多少个单词，因为在没有练笔就开始记单词的情况，我们的思路往往受我们所记过的单词的影响。在这样的惯性下，我们很可能很生硬地套用单词，而不是自然而然地抒发观点。我觉得只有在自己平时充分练笔(我自己大概写了30多篇雅思作文)的前提下，我们才知道我们自己究竟需要什么样的单词和词组，需要多少的同义词代换~~我的经验是：不要让单词成为自己的负担，最好是边写边积累，毕竟我们不是考GRE。哪怕是GRE词汇的巨人也可能成为雅思写作的侏儒~~关键是用词准确到位，清晰表达观点
以下是经过我30篇雅思写作练笔之后总结出来的75组必备的同义词代换，如果能熟练掌握，必定能让你们在驾驭和阐述观点的时候变得游刃有余~~其实不单单是为了雅思写作，出国留学不能避免的就是每个学期排山倒海的individual assignments和group works，相信以下的词汇对大家是有帮助的。
中性动词
1. 导致：v. cause, bring about, give rise to, lead to, generate, create, Be a contributing factor to
2. 认为：v. point out, argue, claim, assert, think, consider
3. 强调：v. emphasize, bring/call attention to, accentuate, heighten, strengthen 4. 集中：v. focus on, concentrate on
5. 解决：v. combat, address, tackle, resolve, solve 6. 从事：v. carry out, conduct, perform
7. 承认：v. concede, admit, acknowledge, accept, allow, grant
正向动词
1. 支持：v. support, advocate, agree with 2. 增加：v. increase, grow, rise, enlarge n. increase, growth, rise, enlargement 3. 改善：v. improve, enhance, upgrade, boost n. improvement, enhancement, boom 4. 扩张：v. expand, enlarge, extend, widen, broaden n. expansion, enlargement, extension 5. 提高：v. augment, increase, develop, intensify n. augment, increase, development 6. 发展：v. develop, advance, grow, evolve, flourish n. development, advancement, growth, flourishing 7. 产生：v. develop, come into being/existence, come about 8. 获得：v. acquire, gain, get, obtain, attain
9. 执行：v. implement, execute, put into effect, perform n. implementation, performance
10. 实现：v. achieve, fulfill, gain, accomplish, attain
n. achievement, accomplishment, attainment 11. 开始：v. commence, begin, start n. commencement, beginning, start
12. 促进：v. promote, further, advance, encourage, stimulate, foster n. promotion, advancement
13. 鼓励：v. stimulate, encourage, act as stimulus, motivate n. encouragement, incentive, motivation
14. 唤起：v. arouse, cause, induce, prompt, trigger, spark off 15. 需要：v. call for, demand, require
16. 取代：v. replace, take the place of, substitute for n. replacement, substitution for, in place of 17. 加快：v. accelerate, speed up, quicken n. Acceleration, speeding up
18. 减轻：v. abate, lessen, reduce, alleviate, mitigate n. abatement, lessening, alleviation, mitigation 19. 保护：v. protect, preserve, conserve
n. protection, preservation, conservation 20. 保卫：v. safeguard, defend, shield n. safeguard, defence, shelter
21. 建立：v. establish, set up, found, construct n. establishment, foundation, construction
22. 遵守(规则，法律)：abide by, comply with, follow, respect, act in accordance with 23. 允许：v. allow, permit, give the means to, facilitate
负向动词
1. 反对：v. object, raise objections, oppose 2. 减少：v. decrease, lower, reduce, cut down