We see with our eyes. 我们用眼睛看。 I go to school by bike. 我骑自行车上学。
Can you say it in English? 你会用英语说它吗？ It looks like a cat. 它看起来像只猫。 4）其他含义的介词
about 关于 without 没有 around 在……周围 with 和 I go to the zoo with my family. 我和家人去动物园。 The book is about a dog. 这本书是关于一只狗的。
2、几组介词的用法比较 1）时间介词in，at，on
A、in后的名词多表时间段意义，即在较长的一段时间段内。 in the morning/afternoon/evening 在早晨/下午/晚上 in spring/summer/autumn/writer 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天 in August 在八月
B、at后的名词表示时间点意义，即钟点、时刻等。 at 6 o’clock 在六点 at noon 在中午 at that time 在那时候
at the end of the holiday 在假期结束时
C、on后的名词一般表示特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、节日等。
on Saturday 在星期六 on weekdays 在平时 on my birthday 在我生日那天on September 20，2004 在2004年9月20日
on a cold winter morning 在一个寒冬的早晨 2）地点介词on，in，above，over
A、on指与物体表面接触，在某物的表面上。 They are sitting on the grass.他们坐在草地上。 There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有幅画。
B、in 表示“在……之上”时，暗示占去了某物的一部分。 There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 There is a hole in the wall. 墙上有个洞。
C、above指离开物体表面而在其上方，但大多有对比与参照物。 The plane is flying above the clouds. 飞机在云层之上飞行。 D、over侧重于横跨两端，有时还有“覆盖、超过”之意。
I see a stone bridge over the river. 我看见一座石桥横跨河上。
二、连词
在词和词、短语和短语、句子和句子之间起连接作用的词叫做连词。 1、 表并列的连词
常用的有：and 和，so 如此，both…and…两者都，not only…but also…不但……而且…… My brother and I study at the same school. 我和我哥哥在同一所学校上学。 Both you and I are students. 你和我都是学生。
Not only the teacher but also my parents tell me not to lie. 不仅老师，我的父母也教导我我要说谎。 2、 表转折的连词
常用的有：but 但是，or否则
He likes sports but his brother likes reading. 他喜欢运动，可是他弟弟喜欢读书。 I have to do the homework, or I will be punished. 我必须做作业，否则我会被惩罚。
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介词练习：
一. 用介词填空。
1.___the theatre 2. __ Beijing 3. __ the cinema 4.___ the farm 5.___ school 6. __ home 7.__ the park 8. __ the library 9. __ the stadium 10.__ 1994 11.__ November 12.__ 15:00
13.__ Sunday morning 14.__ 6:30 15. __ Monday 16.__ January 17. __ May, 1 18.__ my birthday
19. ___ weekend 20.__May, 1, 2006 21.___ the playground 22.___my birthday party
二. 选择题
1. The plane arrived at London airport ______ Wednesday. A. on B. at C. in D. for 2. What do you usually do ________ Christmas?
A. on B. at C. in D. for
3. The first class begins _______ 8 o’clock ______ the morning. A. at/on B. at/in C. on /in D. on/on 4.We will be in Nanjing _____ Tuesday ______Thursday.
A. on/ through B. on/to C. from/to D. on./till 5. We will have a football match _____ this Saturday afternoon.. A. on B. / C. in D. for 6. He came to see you _____ the evening of May 10th. A. in B. at C. on D. for 7. The supermarket is still open ______ midnight.
A. at B. on C. till D. /
8. Days are longer ______ summer than ___________ winter.
A. in/in B. in/on C. from/to D. to/in
9. Children get presents ________ Christmas and ______ their birthday. Granny is coming for lunch________ Christmas day.
A. at/on/on B. on/on/on C. at/in/at D. in/on/in 10.________ New Year’s Eve people usually don’t go to bed until midnight. A. At B. On C. For D. In 11. Tom and Paul usually watch TV ______ weekends. A. at B. in C. for D. / 12. He said that he would meet us ____ the cinema. A. in B. at C. on D. of 13. There are many beautiful birds ______ the tree. A. on B. at C. in D. besides
14. Lucy is waiting _____ No.3 bus stop ________ her father. A. for/for B. for/at C. at/for D. at/at 15. Do you often listen ________the program ________ the radio. A. to/of B. to /in C. to/on D. on /to 16. Can you tell me the way ______ Shanghai Zoo?
A. to B. at C. for D. towards 17. Thank you _______ your coming.
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A. to B. of C. by D. for 18. Mr Li is going to help him ________ his Chinese this afternoon. A. with B. on C. by D. at 19. Let me introduce her _______ you.
A. with B. on C. to D. for 20. Tom has made friends_____ many Chinese students.
A. with B. to C. by D. among 21. Can you find out the answer__________ these questions?
A. of B. for C. to D. with 22. Don’t forget to bring your text book ______ you.
A. in B after C. with D. to 23. Can you sing this song _____ English?
A. with B. in C. by D. for 24. Who is the boy _____ blue trousers?
A. in B. on C. with D. at 25. Don’t read _____ the sun. It’s bad _________ your eyes.
A. under/of B. in/towards C. in/ for D. under/for 26. How many students go to school _____ foot? A. by B. in C. on D. with 27. I will make a trip _____ Europe this summer.
A. for B to C with D. of 28. My mother send a postcard____ me every year.
A. to B. for C. by D. with 29. Let’s make a cake_______ Daming; he likes cakes. A. to B. for C. by D. with 30. There are lots of animals ________ the grassland. A. at B.on C. in D. by 参考答案： 一、
1－5 at in at on at 6-10 at in in at in 11-15 in at on at on
16-20 in on on at on 21-22 on on 二、
1-5 A B B C B 6-10 C A A A B 11-15 A B C C C
16-20 A D A C A 21-25 C D B A C 26-30 C B A B B
连词练习： 一、选择题
1.--- Would you like to play volleyball with us?
--- I’d love to, ___ I have too much homework to do. A. and. B. but C. for D. so
2. ---How about going out for a walk with us?
--- I wish I could, ___ I have to finish my homework first. A. and B. so C. but D. or
3. Study hard, ____ you are sure to have a good result in the exam. A. or B. and C. for D. but
4. I didn’t finish my homework, ___ my teacher was angry with me.
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A. so B. / C. or D.and
5. Mary got up late this morning, ___ she didn’t catch the first bus. A. because B. for C. so D. or
6.They wanted to charge $5000 for the car, ____we managed to bring the price down. A. but B. so C. when D. since 7.----Someone wants you on the phone. ---_____no one knows I’m here.
A. For B. And C. But D. So
8.Follow your doctor’s advice, ______your cough will get worse. A. or B. and C. then D. so
9.We are going to the bookstore in John’s car. You can come with us _____ you can meet us there later. A. but B. and C. or D. then
10.The changes in the city will cost quite a lot, ______they will save us money in the long run. A. or B. since C. for D. but 11．Work hard， _______ you'll catch up with others． A．and B．but C．or D．for
12．Be quick， _______ you'll be late for the football match． A．so B．but C．and D．or
13．We bought Granny a present， _______ she didn't like it． A．but B．and C．when D．if
14．That was our first lesson， _______ she didn't know all our names． A．for B．but C．so D．or
15．The boy is only ten， _______ he can do some washing himself． A．though B．but C．or D．so
16．Jim is an American， _______ he can speak very good Chinese． A．if B．so C．but D．because 17．He is rich， _______ he isn't happy．
A．or B．so C．and D．but
18．Mr．Zhang felt very tired， _______ he needed a good rest． A．and B．so C．or D．but 19．—Have you got any brothers _______ sisters？ —I have a sister．
A．nor B．or C．but D．for
二、用适当的并列连词填空 and，but，so，or
1．Go along the street， _______ you'll find the shop．
2．The weather was very cold， _______ many people were ill．
3．People think we look the same， _______ I can see that we're different． 4．I know him _______ I can't remember his name． 5．You may go with him _______ stay at home．
6．Let's take the stone away， _______ there may be an accident． 7．My glasses were broken， _______ I need a new pair．
参考答案：
一、1—5：BCBAC 6—10：ACACD
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11—15：ADACB 16—19：CDBB
二、1.and 2.so 3.but 4.but 5.or 6.or 7.so
第六讲 句型
PART 1 句子种类
英语句子按照使用目的和交际功能分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。我们要学习的是前两者。
PART 2 陈述句和疑问句 一、陈述句
陈述句用来叙述一件事或表明说话人的看法、态度等。陈述句包括肯定结构和否定结构。 1、肯定句
I can swim. 我会游泳。
I am swimmer. 我是一个游泳者。 I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。 2、否定句
I can not swim. 我不会游泳。
I am not a swimmer. 我不是一个游泳者。 I do not like swimming. 我不喜欢游泳。
二、疑问句
疑问句用来提出问题，请对方回答。分为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。 1、 一般疑问句
用yes，no来回答的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。
基本结构为：be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语（+其他）？ —Can you swim? 你会游泳吗？
—yes，I can./ No I can’t. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。 —Are you a doctor? 你是医生吗？
—Yes I am. /No I’m not. 是的，我是。/ 不，我不是。 —Do you like swimming? 你喜欢游泳吗？
—Yes，I do./ No，I don’t. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。
2、 特殊疑问句
就句中某一部分进行提问的疑问句叫做特殊疑问句。
基本结构为：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+（其他成分）？
常用的特殊疑问词有who（谁）what（什么）when（何时）where（何地）why（为什么）how（如何） Where do you live? 你住在哪里？ What is your name? 你叫什么名字？ Why do you do that? 你为什么那么做？ Who is Lucy? 露西是谁？
特殊疑问句的答语是根据疑问词来确定的，因此不用yes或no，回答是可用一个词或短语，也可以用一个完整的句子。
—Who can mend the chair? 谁会修这把椅子？ —Jack.(Jack can mend the chair.) 杰克。（杰克会修这把椅子。）
PART 3 被动句
被动句可出现在陈述句中，也可出现在疑问句中。它在英语句子中很常见。
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