(3) The Vocative Function
The vocative function texts are different from the two texts above. This function concentrates on "calling on people to do, to think and to feel". It is reader-oriented and the effect of the translation must be evaluated by readers' response. Propaganda materials, notices, advertisements , instructions and other persuasive writings all belongs to this category. In view of the linguistic and cultural barriers between languages, it is essential for the translator to recreate the persuasive translation to attract the target readers, and the recreation is one of the major objectives of tourist materials.
2.4 Communicative Translation
Apart from the other correspondent classification of textual functions, Newmark puts forward two modes of translation—— semantic translation and communicative translation.
Semantic translation is usually applied to technical, literary and scientific text, likewise other contexts where language of the source text is at least as significant as the text.
Communicative translation is the one in which "the translator attempts to produce the same effect on the TL readers as was produced by the original on the SL readers". Examples of text-types for this mode of translation would be proper include textbooks, journalist writing, public notices and most non-literary genres. Different from semantic translation, communicative translation is the reader-oriented translation strategy, and adjust well to informative functions.
Ⅲ Guide Interpretation
3.1 Definition of Guide Interpretation
The occasion Interpretation carriesout on which people who do not share the same language and culture communication. Interpreting is usually taking place in simultaneous modes. As for guide interpreting, it often takes place when foreign visitors are introduced by guide interpreters to a different cultural environment, especially to some new scenic spots or new cultural phenomenon [4]. For example, when foreign visitors go to the Imperial Palace, the tour guides should introduce the whole history of the Forbidden City in target language to the visitors to satisfy their curiosity, not only the construction characteristics, but also the legends passed down generation by generation [5] .
In short, Guide-interpreting is an interpreting services provided by the guide-interpreter to the foreign tourists including the oral introductions in target languages refer to travel services, tourist attractions, natural or man-made sceneries, catering culture in travel, and also is an act of cross-cultural communication.
3.2 Objective and Receptors of C-E Guide Interpretation
We can gain a conclusion through the definition which has been discussed above that the objective of C-E guide interpretation is supplying tourists information, especially introduce the Chinese culture to overseas visitors. So guide-interpreting is designed for the specific needs of the tourists, and all the factors in guide-interpreting are determined by the specific needs of tourists, that is to say, tourist-oriented is the leading principle in guide-interpreting.