第一章英译汉
1．I hope all these possibilities will enable us to round the corner． 我希望所有这些可能的办法会使我们渡过困境。 2．It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated． 当您认识到您的杰出事业是如此广泛的受到人们的尊敬和赞赏时，您就会为自己增添力量。
1．1990 was a bad year for the Soviet Union economy．It ended with a balance of trade． 1990年苏联的经济状况很糟，年底出现了贸易逆差。
2．The air—attack was quite unexpected．By the first evening，the number of Germans on the island had been more than doubled and was progressively reinforced by parachute drop，by glider and from the second evening onward by troop carriers．
这次空中袭击是出乎意外的，到第一天晚上时，岛上的敌人增加了一倍以上，并且还不断的用伞兵和滑翔机继续加强。从第二天晚上起，又用运输机来增援。
1．John can be relied on．He eats on fish and plays the game． 约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。
2．Christmas tree is an assembly which contains control valves pressure gauges and chokes assembled at the top of the well to control the flow of oil and gas after the well has been drilled and completed． 采油树是一种装在井口的，带有控制阀门、压力计和油嘴的装置，用于在钻井和完钻后控制石油和天然气的产量。
1．Borrowed garment never fits well. 借来的衣服不合体。
2．Hitler was armed to the teeth when he launched the Second World War, but in a few years，he was completely defeated．
希特勒在发动第二次世界大战时是武装到牙齿的，可是不过几年就被彻底的击败了。 1．One boy is a boy，two boys half a boy，three boys no boy． 一个和尚挑水吃，两个和尚抬水吃，三个和尚没水吃。 2．Do you see any green in my eyes? 你认为我是好欺骗的吗? (一)转译为动词
1．There is a big increase in demand for all kinds of consumer goods in every part of our country． 目前我国各地对各种消费品的需求量大大增加。 (原文中的increase转换成为译文动词“增加”。) 2．He spoke against the decision． 他发言反对那项决定。
(原文中的介词against转换成为译文动词“反对”。)
3．In order to carry through its policies of economic development，peace is necessary for them． 为执行经济发展方针，中国人民需要和平。
(原文中形容词necessary转换成为译文动词“需要”。)
4．Such a system must be tailored quite closely to the machines it monitors． 这种系统的配置，必须十分接近被监视的机器。 (原文中的副词closely转换成为译文动词“接近”) (二)转译为形容词
1 There is an unbelievable environment for creatures so delicately constructed． 身体结构如此纤细的动物竞生活在这种环境中，真是令人费解。 (原文中副词delicately转换成为译文形容词“纤细的”。)
2．We are deeply convinced of the correctness of this policy and firmly determined to pursue it. 我们深信这一政策是正确的，并有坚定的决心继续奉行这一政策。 (原文中的名词correctness转换成为译文形容词“正确的”。) (三)转译成名词
1．Most U．S．spy satellites are designed to burn up in the earth’s atmosphere after completing their missions．
美国绝大多数间谍卫星，按其设计，是在完成使命后，在大气层中销毁。 (原文中动词design转换成译文名词“设计”。)
2．Computers are more flexible, and can do a greater variety of jobs． 计算机的灵活性比较大，因此能做更多不同的工作。 (原文中形容词flexible转换成译文名词“灵活性”。)
3．All structural materials behave plastically above their elastic range． 超过弹性极限时，一切结构材料都会显示出塑性。 (原文中副词plastically转换成译文名词“塑性”。) (四)转译成副词
1．We have the feeling that our so doing responds to the hope of establishing a greater international justice and a more equitable distribution of world force and responsibilities．
我们感到在这样做的时候，我们的行动更符合更广泛的建立国际正义和更公平地分配世界物力以及分担世界责任这一要求。 (原文中形容词greater转换成泽文副词“更广泛的”。)
2．When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist，his instinct is to win him over with charm and humor．
只要发现有可能反对他的人，他就本能地要用它的魅力和风趣将这个人争取过来。 (原文中名词instinct转换成译文副词“本能地”。)
3．In the long and laborious search，Marie Curie succeeded in isolating two new substance． 在长期辛勤的研究中，玛利居里成功地分解出两种新物质。 (原文中动词succeed转换成译文副词“成功地”。) 二、增译法
1．We won’t retreat，we never have and never will． 我们不后退，我们从未后退过，并且将来也决不后退。
2．With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism． 中国人民正在以多么高涨的热情建设社会主义啊! 3．Being leaders，you have to overcome your pessimism and pluck up your courage to face the difficulties． 作为领导者，你们必须克服悲观情绪，鼓起勇气，面对困难。 4．The molecules get closer and closer with the pressure． 随着压力增加，分子越来越接近。
5．The United States and the Soviet Union reached and agreement on the agenda of the meeting． 美英双方就会议议程达成协议。
6．Flowers bloom a11 over the guard． 朵朵鲜花开满庭院。 三、省译法
1．He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable． 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
2．We cannot see sound and waves as they travel through air． 声波在空气中传播时是看不见的。
3．He gave a great shout and ran out of the room． 他大喊一声，从房间里跑了出来。
4．If winter comes，can spring he far behind? 冬天来了，春天还会远吗?
5．Their respective destinies are becoming increasingly interdependent． 他们的命运日益休戚相关。 练习一 (一)
用转译法翻译下列各句
1．A highly developed physical science is characterized by an extensive use．of mathematics。 1。一门高度发展的自然科学的特点是广泛地应用数学。
2．Careful attention must be paid to the construction of the diagram in using this equation． 2．用这一公式时必须十分注意其图形结构。
3．Infant and young children have a somewhat higher temperature than adults． 3．婴儿和孩童的体温略高于成年人。
4．There is an increase in demand for all kinds of consumer goods in every part of our country． 4．我国各地对各种消费品的需求量正大大增加。
5．They are deeply convinced of the correctness of this policy and firmly determined to pursue it． 5．他们深信这一政策是正确的，并有坚定的决心继续奉行这一政策。
6．Rockets have found applications for the exploration of the universe． 6．火箭已经用来探索宇宙。
7．Engineers have to know the best and most economical materials to use． 7．工程师必须要知道如何最有效和最经济的使用材料。
8. It was a clear and unemotional exposition of the President’s reasons for writing to begin a Chinese-American dialogue．
8．这篇发言清楚明白、心平气和地说明了总统希望开始中美对话的原因。 (二)
用增译法翻译下列各句
1．In order to obtain economical flying，apart from speed，the load to be carried and the height at which to fly also have to be decided．
1为了获得经济的飞行效果，除了速度以外，还必须解决飞行负荷和飞行高度的问题。
2 The sharp voices made an unceasing noise，and from time to time there rose a great roar of laughter from sonic cheerful soul．
2一阵尖锐刺耳的声音叫个不停，不知哪一个兴高采烈的人还不时发出哈哈的大笑声。 3．Henry Kissinger had slept there before，in July and again in October． 3在这之前，基辛格在七月和十月两度在这里下榻。
4．When you tune a radio set，you select some particular stations．
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4当你列收音机调谐时，你正选择某个特定的电台。
5．This young man you see was in the ship．He is somewhat altered by grief，or you might call him a handsome person．
5．你瞧见的那位少年，刚才就在那艘船上。他受苦受难，有些变相了。要不然，你准会管他叫美男子。
6．The large scale integrated circuits that have the power of several hundreds of the circuits used in minicomputers are the basic of even smaller cheap units．
6．大规模集成电路具有小型计算机所用的几百个电路的能力，因而是体积小，价格低的装置的基础。
7．If you don’t eat food，your stored energy becomes less and less，so you become weaker and 1ess energetic．
7．如果你不吃食物，那么，你所储存的能量就会变得越来越少。这样，你就会变得身体虚弱，精力减退。 8．Maintenance can he scheduled in an orderly manner rather than on an emergency basis． 8．可按步就班地排在计划中进行维修，而不是万一发生事故后再进行维修的。
9．Now let us analyze the flight of a spacecraft in terms of what we have learned about motion and gravity．
9．现在，让我们根据我们已学过的关于运动和重力方面的知识来分析宇宙飞船的飞行情况。
10．Weightlessness OCCU~S when the force of gravity is offset in some way，for example，when the centrifugal force of a spacecraft in orbit round the earth offsets the earth’s gravitational pull on the pacecraft．
10．当重力以某种方式被抵消，例如，在围绕着地球的轨道上运行的宇宙飞船的离心力抵消地球对飞船的重力引力时，会产生失重现象。 (三)
用省译法翻译下列句子
1．The rate of a chemical reaction is proportional to the concentrations of the reacting substances． 1．化学反应的速度与反应物的浓度成正比。
2．Without gravitation，you would not be able to do lots of things． 2．没有地心吸力，许多事情都做不成。
3．Man has always been interested in extending the range of this senses and the power of his mind． 3．人类一向对扩大感觉范围和提高智力感到兴趣。
4．After people has learned that magnets attract things，centuries passed before they took note of the fact that magnets sometimes also repel things．
4．人们早已知道了磁体能吸引别的物体，又过了几百年，才注意到磁体也有时排斥物体这一事实。
5．If you switch on a flashlight and point at an object，as the switch goes on，the bulb glows and gives off light．
5．如果你打开手电，指向某一个物体，手电筒开关一打开，灯泡就发出亮光。 6．When we talk of electric current，we mean electrons in motion． 6．当我们谈到电流时，我们指的是运动的电子。
7．In spring the day is getting longer and longer and the night shorter and shorter． 7．春季白天越来越长，夜晚越来越短。
8．Energy losses due to friction occur in every machine． 8．每台机器都由于摩擦而损耗能量。
9．University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not． 9．报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。
10．Without adequate management，progress in fisheries technology will lead to a decline in the very industry it is designed to support．
10．没有适当的管理，捕鱼技术的发展反而会导致渔业的衰落。 1．What he told me was only half-truth． 他告诉我的只是一些半真半假的东西。
2 Who will preside at the seminar has not yet been decided． 谁来主持这个会议还没有决定。
3．That substances expand when heated and contract when cooled is a common physical phenomenon． 物质热胀冷缩是普通的物理现象。
1．It does not make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not． 他参不参加会议没有多大关系。
2．It is reported that a new—type computer is coming to the market very soon． 据报道一种新型的计算机将很快进人市场。
3．It is a fact that the United States always interferes in international affairs of other countries． 美国总是干涉别国的内政，这是个事实。
1．Recent studies suggest that many types of intelligence cannot be measured with the usual method． 最近的研究表明，许多类型的智能是无法用常规方法来衡量的。
2．We all thought it a pity that the press conference should have been cancelled． 新闻发布会取消了，我们都感到很遗憾。
3．I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting． 我被选去参加会议，感到很荣幸。 1．This is why we decided to put the theory into practice． 这就是为什么我们把理论付诸实践的原因。
2．High technology is what we are badly in need of． 我们现代急需的是高科技。
1．He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again． 他表示希望再次到中国访问。
2．There can be no question about the fact that automation can raise working． 自动化能提高工作效率，这事实是毫无疑问的。
1．Information protection is a subject on which many computer experts are working now． 信息保护是许多计算机专家正在研究的一个课题。
2．They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which，in the past，many Chinese have laid down their lives．
他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去．许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自已的生命。
1．He saw in front of that white—haired old man，whose eyes flashed red with fury． 他看见前面那个白发老人，眼睛里愤怒的闪着红光。
1．The ambassador was giving a dinner for a few people whom he wished especially to talk to or hear from．
大使只宴请了几个人，因为他特地想和这些人谈谈，听听他们的意见。
2．Chinese trade delegations have been sent to African countries，who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective governments．
中国派了贸易代表团前往非洲各国，以便与有关政府商谈贸易协定。
3．Friction，which is often considered a trouble，is sometimes a help in the operation of machine． 摩擦常被人们看成是一种故障，但有时却有助于机器的运转。
4．Anyone who thinks that knowledge need not to be derived from perceptual knowledge is alp, idealist． 如果不认为理性认识不来源于感性认识，他就是一个唯心主义者。
5．Electricity which is passed through the thin tungsten wire inside the bulb makes the wire very hot．
当电通过灯泡里的细钨丝时，会使钨丝变得很热。 1．While she spoke，tears were running down． 她说话时，泪水直流。
2．He shouted as he ran． 他一边跑，一边喊。
3．Hardly had we arrived when it began to rein． 我们一到就下雨了。 1．Some sulfur dioxide 1 s liberated when coal，heavy oil and gas burn，because they all contain sulfur compounds．
因为煤、石油和煤气都含有硫化物，所以在他们燃烧时会放出一些二氧化硫。 2．Since we live near the sea，we enjoy a healthy climate． 因为我们住在海滨，所以能享受到有益健康的气候。
1．We use insulators to prevent electrical charge from going where they are not wanted． 我们使用绝缘体是为了防止电荷跑到不需要的地方去。 2．Heat is always being transferred in one way or another，where there is any difference in temperature． 凡是有温差的地方，热都会以这样或那样的方式传播。 1．Unless there is motion，there is no work． 如果没有运动，就没有做功。 2．If the government survives the confidence vote，its next crucial test will come in a direct Bundestag vote on the treaties May 4． 假使政府经过信任投票而保全下来，它的下一个决定性的考验将是5月4日在联邦议院就条约举行的直接投票。 1．The sound of thunder nearly always follows the lighting flash although they happen together． 雷声几乎总是跟在闪电后面，尽管他们是同时发生的。
2．No matter when a liquid evaporates，heat is absorbed from its surroundings． 不论液体在什么时候蒸发，都要从它的周围吸收热量。
1．We should start early so that we might get there before noon．． 为了正午以前赶到那里，我们很早就动身了。
2．We sent the letter by mail in order that it might reach them in good time． 这封信我们航空寄去以便能及时收到。
1．The thicker the wire is，the smaller the resistance is． 导线越粗，电阻越小。
2．Sound travels less fast than light． 声音没有光传播的快。
1 It was so dark，that we could see nothing in front of us．． 天太黑了，我们看不见前面的任何东西。
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2．Computers work so fast that they can solve a very difficult problem in a few seconds． 计算机工作如此迅速，一个很难的题目几秒钟内就能解决。 练习二
翻译下列名词性从句
1．Whether a substance keeps its original state or change from one state to another is completely governed by the environmental temperatures．
1．物质保持原状还是从一种状态变化到另一种状态完全由环境温度来决定。
2．Whether a rocket can get away from the earth or not depends on its speed． 2．火箭能否离开地球取决于它的速度。
3．That technological progress helps to relieve scarcities is a fact accepted by economists． 3．技术进步有助于摆脱经济萧条是经济学家所能接受的事实。
4．It was once thought that the earth was the centre of the universe． 4．从前人们认为地球是宇宙的中心。
5．It is believed that petroleum is formed naturally from dead animals and vegetables． 5．人们相信石油是由死亡的动植物自然形成的。
6．Man must early have realized that one outstanding difference between himself and the other animals was that he walked on two legs，the others on four．
6．人类一定早知道，人与任何其他动物的一个显著区别就是人用两条腿行走，而动物用四条腿行走。
7．At the present time the accepted theory is that all matter consists of very small particles called atoms．
7．一切物质都是由称为原子的极小的微粒组成的，这是目前公认的理沦。
8．This is why currents of cold water tend to flow near the bottom of oceans． 8．为什么冷的水流总是靠近海洋底部流动，原因就在于此。 9．This is exactly what we are in need of． 9．我们需要的东西正是这个。
10．The scientist pointed out to us that sound cannot travel through a vacuum． 10．这位科学家向我们指出，声音不能在真空中传播。
11．The great speed of light explains why we think we see things happen at the exact moment they are happening．
11．光速很大，这一事实说明为什么可以认为事物一出现就能看见他们。 12．Investigations into the origins of life on the earth have shown that，given earth like conditions．the formation of 1ife is almost inevitable．
12．地球上生命起源的研究证明，只要具有类似地球的条件，生命的形成几乎是必然的。
13．We all know that cigarette smoking is hazardous to health and that alcohol abuse can kill． 13．我们都知道吸烟对人体健康有害，我们也知道酗酒能致人于死。
14．His account is correct except that some details are omitted． 14．除了些细节未提到外，它的报告是正确的。 15．The process of exchange of gases follows a simple law of physics that a gas flows into the direction of 1east pressure．
15．气体交换过程遵循一条简单的物理规律，即气体向压力小的方向流动。 翻译下列定语从句
一、翻译下列限制性定语从句
1．Some people believe that UFOs are spaceships which are full of visitors from other planets． 1．有些人认为，不明飞行物是来自其它行星，满载旅客的宇宙飞船。
2．Like the human brain．a computer also has a memory where vast quantities of information can be stored．
2．就象人类的大脑一样计算机也有一个能储存大量信息的储存器。
3．Galileo was a famous Italian scientist by whom the Copernican theory was further proved correct． 3．伽利略是有名的意大利科学家，他进一步证明哥白尼学说是正确的。
4．They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased． 4．他们制定出一种新方法，采用之后生产已迅速提高。
5．With the introduction of the electronic computer，there is no complicated problem but can be solved quickly．
5．由于采用了电子计算机，任何复杂问题都能迅速计算出来。
6．Galileo lived at a time when the human spirit was waking after a thousand years of sleep． 6．伽利略生活在人类灵魂经过了千年沉睡之后正在苏醒的年代。
7．If people do not tellⅥhat for an electronic computer to do，it will accomplish nothing．This is the reason why electronic computers will never be able to replace man．
7．如果人们不指示电子汁算机该做什么，它就将什么也不能做。这就是电子计算机永远不能代替人类的原因。 8．Aunt Harriet lived in that leisurely age when servants were employed to do homework． 8．哈丽特姑妈生活在一个悠闲的时代，那时家务事情都可以用雇工来做。 9．We had all experienced days when everything was done well． 9．我们都经历过这样的日子，每件事情都做得称心如意。 10．Each pyramid has a wide stairway which goes from the bottom to the top． lO每座金字塔都有条宽阔的楼梯从底部通到塔顶。 二、翻译下列非限制性定语从句
1．When oil wells are drilled，the first material obtained is frequently natural gas，which burns with a hot flame．
1．钻井时，首先获得的物质常常是天然气，它燃烧时发出炽热的火焰。 2．All matter is made of atoms，which are too small to be seen even through the most powerful microscopes． 2．一切物质皆由原子构成，原子本身大小，即使大倍数的显微镜也看不见它们。
3，If an object is in front of the person wearing the eyeglasses，the light is reflected back to the receiving unit，which sounds a warning note in the left ear．
3．如果一个物体在戴有这种眼镜的人的前面，红外线光就反射回到接收装置，在左耳发出警报声。 4 The last big Alaskan earthquake created a tsunami，that was felt l，500 miles away． 4．最近发生的阿拉斯加大地震引起海啸，在l，500英里之外都能感觉到。
5 One was a violent thunderstorm，the worst I had ever seen，which obscured my objective． 5．有一次是暴风骤雨，猛烈的程度为我平生仅见。这阵暴风雨遮住了目标。
6．He had talked to the general manager，who assured him that everything that could be done would be done soon．
6．他与总经理谈过话，总经理向他保证，凡是能做到的，都尽快去做。 7．In Kuwait，where there are many oi1 wells but no rivers，fresh water had to be got from the desalination of salt water．
7。科威特有许多油井，但没有河流，故必须使海水淡化来取得淡水。 8．Our cities have many factories，which we need to make food products，clothing and many other things． 8城市里有许多加工食物、生产衣服和其它产品的工厂。 9 Perhaps this is the “dead ray”，which we often read about in science fiction． 9．这也许就是我们常在科幻小说中谈到过的“死光”。 10．The electrons，with their negative charges，revolve about the nucleus，which is always positively charged．
10．电子带负电，它绕着带正电的核旋转。 三、将下列定语从句转译成状语从句
1．Two decades ago atomic clocks began to replace mechanical clocks，which are far less accurate． 1．二十年前，原子钟开始取代机械钟，因为后者远不如前者精确。
2．Electricity，which call be easily transmitted and changed into other forms of energy has found wide application in industry and daily life
2．因为电易于输送而且易于转变成其它形式的能，故在工业上和在日常生活中用途很广。
3．Over—production of any commodity can create difficulties，because it can lead to a glut on the market，which may cause prices to fall sharply．
3．任何商品的生产过剩都会带来麻烦，因为它会导致市场供过于求，从而使价格急剧下跌。
4．This will enable doctors to understand the biochemical basis for the mental disorder，which could lead to better treatments．
4．这将使医生们了解精神病的生物化学基础，从而有可能找到更有效的治疗方法。
5．Diagnoses are made quick and accurate by an electronic computer，the use of which is introduced in the hospital
5．如果医院采用电子计算机，开处方会变得更快、更准确。
6．Pitching and heaving will be severe when a ship is steaming in waves，which is equal to the ship in length．
6．如果波长等于船长，那么当船在波浪上航行时，颠簸和起伏运动就会很剧烈。
7 The centre of gravity of a passenger ship should be as low as possible，the initial stability of which may be greatly increased．
7．客船的重心应尽可能低，以便大大提高其稳定性。
8．Chinese delegation have been sent to European countries，who will negotiate trade agreements with the respective governments．
8．中国派出代表团前往欧洲各国，以便与各国政府淡判贸易协定。
9．Thomas Edison，who had failed again and again in his experiment，did not lost heart． 9．尽管实验一再失败，托马斯-爱迪生并没有失去信心。
10．Aluminum alloys，which is not so strong as steel，find wide application in aircraft industry． lO．铝合金虽然强度没有钢那么高，但它却广泛地用于飞机制造业。 翻译下列状语从句 状语从句
一、翻译下列时间状语从句
1_When coal is piled too deep，heat formed within the pile may cause the spontaneous combustion of coal．
1．当煤堆得太厚时，在煤堆里所产生的热可能引起煤的自燃。
2．After Hitler came into power in Germany，Einstein went to America and became her citizen．
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2．希特勒在德国掌权以后，爱因斯坦到美国去了，并成为美国公民。
3．As soon as the computer is plugged into the national network，we can be informed about weather conditions at any time．
3．电子计算机一接人全国性网络，我们就可以随时了解天气情况。
4．The vapor pressure of water increases as the temperature is raised． 4．温度升高，水的蒸汽压力也增大。
5．The space race began on October 4，1957，when the USSR launched the world’s first satellite． 5．空间竞赛始于1957年10月4日，当时苏联发射了世界上第一颗人造卫星。
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6．Rest should be imperative when the temperature rises above 38C． 6．如果体温超过38℃，就应强制休息。
7．The leader of the party was examining the soil near the entrance to the cave when the machine showed that there was gold under the ground．
7这个组的领导人正在检查山洞入口处附近的土壤，就在这时，这部机器显示出地下有金子。 8．When you have tanks of air on you，you can stay in deep water for a long time． 8．如果背着空气罐，人们就可以长久呆在深水中。
9．Edison tried 1600 substances before he found a right one for filament inside his electric bulbs． 9．爱迪生试验了1600种材料，然后才找到适于制造灯丝的一种。
10．A lot of more researches will have to carry out before these or other ways of predicting dangerous earthquakes can be found．
10．必须进行更多的研究才能找到预报各种危险地震的办法。 二、翻译下列地点和原因状语从旬
1．Television cameras are used to watch processes where it would be difficult or even dangerous for a human to be present．
1．在人们难以到达，甚至有危险的地方，可用电视摄像机来监视生产流程。
2．Where petroleum is found，there are usually deposits of useful natural gas． 2．在找到石油的地方常存在可以利用的天然气资源。
3．At speeds faster than the speed of sound，the plane leaves the sound waves behind where they cannot cause the plane any trouble．
3．飞机以高于声速的速度飞行时，把声波抛在后边，这样声波就不会给飞机造成麻烦。
4．Where a vessel has vertical sides，the pressure on the bottom is equal to the height of the liquid times its density．
4．如果容器壁垂直，则容器底的压力等于液体高度乘以液体的密度。
5．Where the ohm is too small a unit，we may employ the kilo—ohm and the meg-ohm． 5．如果欧姆这个单位太小，我们可以采用千欧或兆欧。
6．The death—rate could begin to rise again because medicine and hygiene cannot keep up with the continued rise in population．
6．由于医疗卫生水平赶不上人口的持续增长，因而死亡率可能再度上升。
7．As the floods had put the telephone out of order，we could not find out how they were managing． 7．由于洪水已使电话发生故障，因此我们就不能了解他们正在怎么办。
8．Drivers of long—distance trucks have a particular interest in weather information because it will affect their perishable goods during transportation．
8．长途卡车司机对天气预报特别感兴趣，因在运输过程中，易腐烂的货物将会受到天气的影响。
9．As helicopters can go anywhere and can hover over any spot，they make good flying cranes． 9．直升飞机什么地方都能飞去，任何地点都可起飞，因此是一种良好的飞行起重机。 10．Since sound travels through air，there is no sound without it． 10．声音是通过空气来传播的，没有空气就不会有声音。 三、翻译下列条件、让步、目的状语从句
1．Unless measures are taken at once，it is possible that all the oceans of the world would be heavily polluted by the year 2,000．
1．如果不立即采取措施，那么到2000年，世界海洋就会受到严重的污染。
2．If a stone should be thrown at a speed of about five miles a second，it would not fall back to the earth．
2．如果以每秒约五英里的速度抛出一块石头，石头就再不会落到地球上来。 3．Iron or steel parts will rust，if they are unprotected． 3．如果不加保护的话，铁件或钢件是会生锈的。
4．Though mathematics is abstract，it plays an important role in solving some of the down—to—earth problems．
4．数学尽管很抽象，但在解决实际问题时作用却很大。
5．Many laws of nature actually exist though they have not yet been discovered． 5．虽然许多自然规律我们仍未发现，但它们确实是存在的。
6．No matter what new techniques might be developed in calculating systems pure mathematics wi11 still be used in some way to tackle major problems in science and technology．
6．不管计算系统中可能发展什么样的新技术，纯数学仍将在某些方面用来处理科技中的主要问题。 7．The cabin has to be air—conditioned and has to be at normal pressure so that the passengers may eat，read and sleep in comfort．
7．飞机的客舱应使用空调并保持正常压力，以使旅客能舒适地进食、阅读和睡眠。
8．Scientists are searching for new ways of making better use of the oceans so that we can benefit more from them．
8．科学家正在寻求更好地利用海洋的新办法，以使人们从中得益。
9．In order that an inflammable gas may burn in air，it is raised to the ignition temperature． 9．为使易燃气体在空气中燃烧，应将其温度提高到着火点。
10 In order that an electric current may flow in a circuit the latter must be complete and must consist of materials which are electrical conductors． 10．要使电流流过线路，线路就必须完整并由导体组成。 四、翻译下列结果、方式、目的状语从旬
1．A simple device is gathering the sun’s rays and concentrating them so that the solar stove is hot enough to boil water and cook food．
1．一个简易的装置正在收集太阳光线并把它聚集起来，因而太阳炉灶有足够的温度把水煮开，把食物煮熟。 2．On high mountains the air pressure is very low so that water will boil at temperatures below
0
100 C．
2．高山上的气压很低，水不到l00℃就沸腾了。
3．Modern radar systems are so sensitive that they allow the pilot of an airplane to land completely blind in perfect safety．
3．现代雷达系统很灵敏，飞行员能完全靠仪表而安全地着陆。
4 The primitive man lived in the damp blackness of vast forests，as the pygmies of Africa do to this day．
4．原始人就象现在的非洲矮人一样，住在大森林中潮湿阴暗的地方。
5．Matter can change from one state to another according as its temperature rises or drops． 5．物质从一种状态变到另一种状态是由温度升降所决定的。
6．It was then that scientists discovered the great value of penicillin as we know it today． 6．正是在那时，科学家们才发现青霉素的巨大价值。
7．Nothing in an electronic computer has to move except electrons，and that really does travel as fast as lightning．
7．计算机里只有电子在运动，而电子确实移动得和闪电一样快。
8．Though copper is not so good a conductor as silver，it is better than other metals． 8．虽然铜不是象银那样好的一种导体，但它的传导性还是比别的金属好。
9．It takes far more time for the earth to make a complete turn round the sun than to do about its axis．
9．地球绕太阳旋转一周比其绕轴自转需要多得多的时问。
10．The resistance is the greater，the longer is the wire． lO．导线越长，电阻就越大。
1．Those pyramids were built around 400AD． 那些金字塔建于公元400年左右。
2．Large quantities of steam are required by modern industry． 现代工业需要大量蒸汽。
3．English is spoken in Britain，the U．S．A and some other countries． 英国、美国和其他一些国家讲英语。
4．It is known that matter is in constant motion． It is reported that?据报道? It is said that?据说? It is hoped that?希望?
It is supposed that?据推测? It is believed that?有人认为?
It is well known that?大家知道／众所周知?
5．Your skin like other parts of living thing，is made up of cells． 人的皮肤也像人体的其他部分一样由细胞组成。 6．A force is needed to stop a moving body． 要使运动着的物体停下来需要用力。 1．He is no doctor． 他根本不是医生。
2．A11 is not gold that glitters 发光的并非都是金子。
3．None of these substances are good conductor． 这些物质都不是良导体。
4．Without substances，there could be no world． 没有物质就没有世界。
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5．We cannot be too careful in doing experiments． 做实验越细越好。(或作实验怎么仔细电不过分。)
6．It is a pity but we know more about this subject． 可惜，我们对这门学科还不够了解。
7．The mountain is not valuable because it is high． 山并不因为高而有价值。
1．These bacteria are too small to be seen．but they do exist． 这些细菌小的看不见，但他们确实存在。
2．What the design paper is I cannot remember． 设计图纸内容究竟是什么，我不记得了。 (强调宾语。)
3．Down came the hammer and Out flow the sparks． 铁锤一落，火星四射。 (强调状语down。)
4．It is shallow people who Judge by appearance． 浅薄的人，才以貌取人。
1．The platform would collapse if al1 of you stood on it． 假如你们都站在上面，这个平台会塌下来的。 (对现在情况的假设。)
2．If I had not studied hard，1 would have failed in the exam． 假如我学习不刻苦，就不会通过考试。 (对过去情况的假设。)
3．If he should change his mind，what would we do? 如果他一旦改变主意，我们该怎么办? (对将来情况的假设。)
4．But for your cooperation，we could not have succeeded in our experiment。 没有你们的帮助，我们的实验是不可能成功的。
5．If he had listened to me，he would not be in such trouble now． 如果当时听了我的话，现在就不会遇到麻烦了。 (一)顺译法0
The East Greenland Current carries much ice from the Arctic down the coast of Greenland，maintaining the low temperatures and rendering access to the east coast of Greenland difficult．
东格陵兰海流把大量的冰块从北极带到格陵兰沿岸，使其常年保持很低的气温，还使船只很难驶抵东海岸。 (二)逆译法
Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty，when there are pretty children in a pool and a young Diana on the edge，to receive with wonder anything you Call catch．
当你跟可爱的孩子们站在池子里，又有个年轻的狄安娜在池边好奇地接受你捉上来的任何东西的时候，如果你懂得什么HU美的话，时间是过的很快的! (三)分译法
His famous will，in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in Physics，Chemistry，Physiology，Medicine，Literature and Peace，is a memorial to his interests and ideals．
他那著名的遗嘱是他的爱好和理想的结晶。在遗嘱中他遗留下了钱，为在物理学、化学、生物学、医学、文学与和平方面的杰出成就提供奖金。 (四)综合法
The problem of genetic damage to human population from radiation exposures including those resulting from the fallouts from testing of atomic weapons has properly claimed much popular attention in recent years．
由于接触辐射，包括核武器试验产生的放射性散落物，人类很有可能遭到基因损伤。这一问题近年来已经理所当然地引起了人们广泛地注意。 一、将下列被动句译成汉语 练习三
1．Current will not flow continually，since the circuit is broken by the insulating material. L电流不再继续流动，因为电路被绝缘材料隔断了。
2．The working plan will be examined by a special committee first． 2．这个工作计划将先由一个特别委员会加以审查。
3．If the pressure in a closed vessel is allowed to rise too high，the vessel will burst． 3．如果听任密封容器中的压力过分升高，容器就会爆炸。
4．Most of the questions have been settled satisfactorily；only a few questions of second importance remain to be discussed.
4．大部分问题已经圆满解决了，只剩下几个次要问题有待讨论。
5．Now so much has been published on all kinds of subjects that even a specialist who devoted all his tune to reading could not keep up with it．
5．现在就各种问题发表了许多材料，即使是专家整天看材料也跟不上。 6．Therefore, when we are received with so much honor and so much kindness in this great country．I believe that the People’s Republic of China is doing a very significant thing．
6．因此，当我们在这个伟大的国家里受到这样隆重和盛情的接待时，我认为中华人民共和国这样做是有重大意义的。
7．Now fresh water is becoming scarce．But more and more is needed because of the increasing number of people in the world．
7．现在淡水越来越不足，而由于世界人口日益增长，淡水的需要量却越来越大。
8．It is required that the machine should be maintained at regular intervals． 8．机器需要定期维修。
9．It should be pointed out that this process is oxidation． 9．应该指出这一过程是氧化。
10．It is generally recognized that the insulation resistance of a cable is inversely proportional to its length．
10．普遍认为电缆的绝缘电阻与其长度成反比。 二、将下列否定句译成汉语
1．Such a poor state could not possibly have waged against its neighbor without from other countries support．
1这样贫穷的国家如果没有他国的支持，后来根本不可能对其邻国发动战争。 2．Nothing in the world moves faster than light． 2．世界上没有任何东西比光走得快。
3．All these metals are not good conductors． 3．所有这些金属不都是良导体。
4．Not every minute difference is noted． 4．并不是每一点细微差别都注意到了。
5．There is no material but will deform more or 1ess under the action of force． 5．在力的作用下，各种材料或多或少都要变形。
6．They worked neither for fame nor for personal gains． 6．他们工作一不为名二不为利。
7．The speed of light is too great to be measured with a simple unit． 7．光的速度太大，以至于不能用简单的单位来度量。
8．Although he explained it to her，she was still completely at sea． 8．尽管他给她作了解释，可她仍然迷惑不解。
9．We were kept in the dark as to future plans． 9．我们对未来的计划一无所知。
10．Japan is the last country to invent radar，but England． 10．发明雷达的国家决不是日本，而是英国。 三、将下列强调句译成汉语
1．Much more important than the element itself are sortie of its compounds. 1．比这一元素本身更重要的是它的一些化合物。
2．Of considerable interest is that many planets revolve round the sun besides the earth． 2．相当有趣的是，除地球外，有许多行星环绕太阳旋转。
3．With the development of electrical engineering，power can be transmitted over distance． 3．随着电气工程的发展，电力可以远距离输送。
4．Surrounding the earth is a layer of air of great thickness． 4．环绕地球的是一层厚度很大的空气。
5．Between atoms there is enough space for them to move，and move they do． 5．原子之间有足够的空间让原子运动，而它们的确在运动。 6．Different metals do differ in their conductivity． 6不同的金属一定具有不同的导电性能。
7．It is the power station that supplies the motive power to the whole city． 7．供给全城动力的就是发电站。
8．It was Newton who proved mathematically that the path of a planet must be an ellipse． 8．用数学证明行星的轨道必定是个椭圆的，就是牛顿。
9. It is only through a great deal of practice that we shall be able to operate this machine too. 9．只有通过大量实践，我们才能操作这台机床。
10．The notions of energy thermodynamics emphasizes． 10．能的概念为热力学所强调。 四、将下列虚拟旬译成汉语
I．If these stamps were genuine，they would be worth a lot of money． 1．这些邮票如果是真的，可就值大钱了。
2．If this bridge had been built of armored concrete，its strength would have been much greater. 2．这座桥要是当今用钢筋混凝土建造，它的强度就会大大提高。
3．If any country were in the same position that we are，they would be making the same case with
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