常用高频词汇总结4Doctor BlackHesays the studies show that food programs need to place the greatest importance on the first two years of life. It is high time their diets were improved. Diets should include foods rich in vitamin A and other useful vitamins and minerals. The researchers say early help such as this could reduce child deaths by 25%. Title: A new research waysThe________●Diets should be improved.to save ●Diets should contain food with rich childrenvitamins and minerals. 常用高频词汇概括4
方式方法:method(s) /means/ approach(es) /way(s) / measure(s) / manners/ solution(s)
常用高频词汇总结5Without proper planning, tourism can cause problems.For example,too many tourists can crowd public places that are also enjoyed by the inhabitants of a country.If tourists create too much traffic,the inhabitants become annoyed and unhappy.They begin to dislike tourists and to treat them impolitely Advantages●Developing economy●Keeping the ●Advancing of local people●Increase employment●Having a bad effect on other ●Bringing over crowdedness●Increase pressure on traffic__________Disadvantages 常用高频词汇概括5
比较(comparison):similarities / difference(s); advantage(s) /benefits/ disadvantage(s) / strengths / weaknesses 其他常用高频词汇
主题:theme(s) / topic(s) / subject(s)/title 数字/数据:data / figure(s) / statistic(s)
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种类:type(s) / kind(s) / species /variety(ies) / sort(s) 形势/情形:situation(s) / condition(s)/ case(s)/occasions 特点/特征:feature(s) / characteristic(s)/character 重要性/意义:significance(s) / importance(s) / meaning(s)
理解文章分析表格定位信息分析整合信息选择合适词汇表达解题思路 步骤方法1.略读:浏览全文,确定主题,理清框架结构和段落大意2.扫读:扫读图表,分析表格结构和内容,明确任务要求3.细读:带着问题深入阅读,定位所需信息,分析整合、转换概括、准确表达4.复读:认真校对,纠正错误 解题提示?重视文章段落和表格层次的一一对应文章段落主题句vs表格里的小标题文章段落细节vs表格详细内容文章细节内容表格小标题?做完后,审核?词的大小写、单复数、动词的正确形式
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(六)书面表达部分
㈠对高考英语书面表达题的基本认识
书面表达题旨在测试考生的英语表达能力,看其是否能够运用学过的英语知识和掌握的技能进行思想交流。从历年高考试卷来看,书面表达是指导性写作,即按照题目所给的目的、时间、对象、地点、内容、长度等条件去完成写作。它不同于命题作文,可以随意发挥;也不是简单的句子翻译。必须做到行文切题,紧扣中心思想,不漏要点,并且意思连贯,文理通顺,语言准确、得当。
㈡书面表达题的题型特征
从近些年的高考英语书面表达题来看,我们基本上可以将书面表达题大致归纳为两种写作类型:一类是文字
性提示/表格提示写作;另一类是看图作文。
?文字提示/表格提示写作
对于文字提示的写作,要注意根据表达的需要选择恰当的时态。如:写信介绍学生减轻学业负担后的课外活动情况,写作时也要将一般现在时和一般过去时相结合;假设你是新华中学的学生李华,得知某英文报招聘兼职记者,你有意应聘,请按所给要点给报社写一封自荐信,这种作文除介绍工作经历的句子用一般过去时态外,其他均应使用现在时态。
对于表格提示的写作,特别要注意重新组织所给的材料,不能依据表格逐条地翻译。 ?看图写作
看图写作比文字提示写作更能考察学生的思维能力和语言组织能力。大致可分为三种类型:
① 写信。近些年全国高考大部分省的英语书面表达几乎都是要求写书信,运用的时态多是一般现在时态,间
或使用一般过去时。如“为朋友介绍所租房屋的位置和大体结构”,文中的时态也以一般现在时为主。 ②写日记。写日记一般是叙述过去的事件,所以句子的时态多是一般过去时。
③写一篇短文,记叙一件事的发生过程。如“描绘一起交通事故的过程”, 写作时多运用一般过去时。 看图作文须注意的问题:
① 仔细观察几幅图画,弄清故事的开头和结尾,理清事件的发展过程;
②确定好表达要点, 要点不仅仅体现在图画中,还体现在所给题目要求的文字中。
㈢ 解书面表达题的基本技巧
基本技巧:
?首先要认真审题。读懂题目所给信息,初步确定要点内容,并可用序号标出以免遗忘。 ?列题纲使用要点条理化,序化,统筹安排布局。
?勿要直译,需意译。文中不用直接引语。尤其对看图情景作文要构建完整故事结构,不可逐句罗列了事。 ?要刻意把好语言关。要用自己最熟悉的句型结构和词语,力求文理通顺,语言准确。没有把握的词句不要写,
确有把握的可以锦上添花。
?遇到一时想不起的词语,需变通。可以用同义近义词代替,也可以用否定词加反义词来表达,亦可变换句式。
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不可钻牛角尖,更不能生造词语或汉语化表达。
?注意文章的长度。看具体内容而定,如果内容多,应多用复杂句式,如果内容不多,为了达到词的限数应多
用简单句式,并适当增补合理内容。
?注意保持卷面整洁,书写工整清楚,书写的好坏会直接影响阅卷老师的情绪。
?最后应注意复查全文。看内容要点有无遗漏,标点、格式、大小写是否规范,是否有语病等。
㈣解书面表达题必要的知识储备
从知识储备的角度来说,我认为解书面表达题除了具备必要的词汇量、一定的语法知识和语言组织能力外,还要着重注意以下两点:
⒈ 掌握下面几种常用的英文文体的格式
?书信格式示例 :
25 Tianshui Road Lanzhou, China January 3rd, 2003
208 Hope Road Sydney, Australia Dear Laura,
How are you getting on now? ________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,
Zhou Lan
?通知格式示例: ①书面通知格式示例
NOTICE
In order to arouse the students’ interest in learning English, the Student Union has decided to set up an English Club with the help of the teachers of English.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Student Union ②口头通知格式示例 Boys and girls,
May I have your attention, please? I have an announcement to make.
The Students’ Union is going to hold a party on Sunday evening, November 12th, to welcome our friends from the United States.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you!
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?致词(speech)格式示例: ①欢迎词格式示例
Ladies and gentlemen/ Mr President/etc,
Welcome to …
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all. Thank you. ②欢送词格式示例 Dear friends,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Good luck to … / Goodbye, dear friends. (4)正反观点比较性作文格式
描写现象;
陈述正反两方面观点并分别说明理由; 陈述作者自己的观点。
⒉ 了解下面一些可能在英语书面表达中使用到的重要句型 1)以形式主语it引导的有关句型。
(1)“It is / was+被强调的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.”例如: ①It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.
“直到他回来我才睡觉”(一定要注意被强调句型谓语动词否定的转移及形式)。 ②It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.
“只因为他有病了今天没有来上学”(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since) ③It is I who am a student. “我确实是个学生”。
(2)“It happened(chanced)that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced sth. =sb.did sth. by chance.” 例如: It happened that he was out when I got there.“当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在” =He happened to be out when I got there. = It chanced that he was out when I got there = He was out by chance when I got there.
(3)“It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done
= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/ had done”(还有动词appear可这样使用)例如: It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.“好像你以去过北京”
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