2）rather than 宁可，宁愿（表示主观选择）
常用结构：… would/had rather do … than (do/doing) sth. Rather than … would ….
… prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. (偶尔doing sth.)
e.g. He would rather sacrifice his life than see damage done to state property.
他宁可牺牲自己的生命，也不肯看到国家财产受到损失。
e.g. Rather than being punished, he should be rewarded. 他该受奖励，而不应该受惩罚。
e.g. He prefers to work rather than remain idle. 他宁愿工作，也不愿闲呆着。
3) as planned 是由as引导的方式状语从句，省略部分为as (it was) planned 3. The fifth was chosen for D-Day to allow a safety margin in case the attack needed
to be postponed.（lines．22-23）
6月5日被选定为进攻开始日，其用意是留下一个安全系数，以防万一进攻需要推迟。
此句中in case 引导的条件状语从句。注意比较in case of, in the case of, in this/that case, a case in point等。
2）postpone vt.推迟，使延期 （~ + sth.; ~ + doing sth.）
4. But an unusually stormy transition from spring toward summer that year held out
little hope that
there would be a suitable break in the weather（lines．25-27）
然而，当年春夏之交大风暴异乎寻常的多，想天气在这个当儿出现一个适合进攻的风平浪静的间隙，希望微乎其微。 1）but引导转折从句
2) that 引导的同位语从句，修饰hope. 3) little 表否定含义。
5. As a result, the paratroopers were scattered over a wide area and most missed their drop zones, some by as much as 20 miles. （lines．57-58） 结果伞兵降落过于分散，大多数人偏离了降落区域，有的偏离了20英里之多。 1)as a result 后为表示结果的语句。比较as a result of ,其后为表示原因的语句。 2) as much as为同级比较短语。
6. Never before had suck a fleet been assembled（lines．71-72） 以前从未调集过如此庞大的舰队。
1)此句为倒装句，正常语序为 such a fleet had never been assembled before。 2)Assemble vt. 聚集，集会
7. The German shore batteries that would have contested a landing in the original area would undoubtedly have taken a heavy toll. The landing at the new sector was virtually unopposed.（lines．104-106）
要是在原定地区登陆的话，德军海岸炮群无疑会拼命抵抗并给盟军造成惨重伤亡。在新防区的登陆几乎没有遭到任何抵抗。
1）在句中，定语从句that would have contested a landing in the original area修饰 batteries；
2）a heavy toll 伤亡惨重
8. Despite difficulties, Eisenhower‘s gamble with the elements was to pay off.
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（lines．107-108）
尽管困难重重，艾森豪威尔在与恶劣天气的赌博中赢得了胜利。 1）在句中，despite ( in spite of) 引导让步状语。
2）pay off 成功，取得好成果; 全部偿清; 付清工资后解雇
e.g. Two years of business school really paid off. 在商业学校就读两年真是很合算。
e.g. You'll have to pay off your old loan before being allowed a new one. 你必须还清旧债，才能重新贷款。
e.g. The company has paid off some redundant employees. 公司在发放工资后解雇了一些多余的雇员。 六、自测复习
Text A
Old Words or Expressions
New Words or Expressions
prevent from doing sth. stand/get/be in the way (cause to) take part in sth. engage (sb.) in sth. take a risk take a gamble continue doing sth. in a determined way press on/ahead wait patiently for a chance bide one‘s time below zero, made less by minus with the loss of at the cost of take sb. by surprise catch sb. off guard stop completely bring to a halt because of thanks to be taken into consideration be reckoned with cause damage, injuries or deaths take its/a toll
大炮 Artillery 飞机 aircraft 军队 troop 舰队 fleet; Armada
渡海部队 Sea-borne troop 空降部队 airborne unit
空降兵 Paratrooper 伞降信号兵 pathfinder 军舰 naval vessel
骑兵中队 Cavalry squadron 舰炮轰击 Naval bombardment 骄兵必败 Pride comes before a fall 孤注一掷 take the gamble of doing sth. 侥幸的是 by a stroke of luck
措手不及 caught off guard by sth.
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冰雪卫士 the icy defender
Text B
Old Words or Expressions
New Words or Expressions
so as to be safe if (sth.) happens helpful; showing approval because of cancel
endure without giving in; resist before
prevent from moving 诺曼底登陆
他很可能是对的 一切就绪 风平浪静
希望微乎其微 一丁点希望 意见不一 军事演习 降落区域 身体虚弱
出现了意想不到的好运 occurred
尽管困难重重 建立立足点
在法国境内长驱直入
七、四级和六级真题词汇链接
in case favorable due to call off withstand prior to pin down
the Normandy Landing he is likely to right.
everything was controlled calm sea little hope
a thin ray of hope opinions were divided a war-game exercise drop zone in poor shape
a strange stroke of good fortune despite difficulties establish a toehold
thrust on deep into France
1. _____ I admire David as a poet, I do not like him as a man. A) Much as C) If only B) Only if D) As much 2. When I go out in the evening I use the bike _____ the car if I can. A) rather than C) in spite of B) regardless of D) other than 3. In Britain , the best season of the year is probably ______spring.
A) late B) last C) latter D) later
4. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon__________ it.
A) got off B) got across C) got away D) got over
5. When he realized the police had spotted him, the man_________ the exit quickly
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as possible.
A) made off B) made for C) made out D) made up
6. I'd ________ his reputation with other farmers and business people in the community, and then make a decision above whether or not to approve a loan. A) make out B) account for C) take into account D) make up for 7. ________ your poor record in school, we think you should study harder.
A) In spite of B) In charge of C) In view of D) In case of
8. The computer has brought about surprising technological changes __________ we organize and produce information. A) in a way B) in the way C) in that way D) in no way
9. Government reports, examination compositions, legal documents and most business letters are the main situations _______ formal language is used. A) in which B) in that C) on which D) at what
10. He always did well at school _____ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A) in spite of B) regardless of C) on account of D) in case of 11. ______ the storm, the ship would have reached its destination on time.
A) in spite of B) in case of C) but for D) because of 12. Everybody ______ in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.
A) assembled B) accumulated C) piled D) joined 13. The little man was ________ more than one meter fifty tall.
A) nearly B) quite C) barely D) almost
14. New York ________ second in the production of apples, producing 850,000,000pounds this year.
A) ranked B) occupied C) arranged D) classified 15. A dark suit is ______ to a light one for evening wear.
A). proper B).suitable C). favorable D) preferable
16. The ability to store knowledge makes computers different from every other machine ______invented. A) ever B) thus C) yet D) as
17. Because of a _____ engagement, Lora couldn't attend my birthday party last Saturday.
A) pioneer B) premature C) prior D) past 18. The car won't start because the battery has ______.
A) run up B) run over C) run down D) run of
19. Beijing has cut its birth-rate_______ almost 60 percent in the past 20 years.
A) to B) by C) for D) with
20. We object ________punishing a whole group for one person's fault.
A) against B) about C) to D) for 21. I can't________ what that object is.
A) make up B) make over C) make out D) make for 22. I want to buy a new tie to ________ this brown suit.
A) go into B) go after C) go with D) go by
23. When the whole area was________ by the flood, the government sent food there
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by helicopter.
A) cut away B) cut down C) cut up D) cut off
24. The bridge named________ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.
A) after B) with C) by D) from 25. The engine________ smoke and steam.
A) gives up B) gives in C) gives away D) gives off 26. They _______ in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. A) carried out B) carried off C) carried on D) carried forward 27. A good friend is one who will_________ you when are in trouble. A) stand for B) stand by C) stand up to D) stand up with
28. All I'm trying to do is to ________ why your condition has not improved.
A) look for B) find out C) search for D) get in
29. Young children soon ________ words they hear their elders use.
A) put forward B) look forward to C) turn up D) pick up
30. If you suspect that the illness might be serious , you should not ______ going to the doctor.
A) pick out B) make out C) give off D) put off Key
1-5AAADB 6-10CCBAA 11-15 CCCAD 16-20ACCBC 21-25CCDAD 26-30CBBDD
Unit 2
Smart Cars
一、 课文A重点词汇 1. alert v. 警告
【例句】The manager alerted the staff to the crisis facing the company. 经理提醒全体员工注意公司所面临的危机。
a. 警觉的，警惕的；注意的：alert to danger 警惕危险an alert bank guard.警觉的银行保安人员
n. 警报 a bomb alert 空袭警报
【扩展】 alertly ad. 机警地，警觉地 alertness n. 机警，警觉 用法 no the alert 注意，提防，小心（后接 for/against）
【例句】Drivers msut be on the alert for traffic signals. 司机必须注意交通信号。 Alert sb. to sth. 提醒某人注意某事
【例句】alert sb. to the danger of swimming 提醒某人游泳危险 2. approximately ad. 近似于，大约
【例句】There were approximately 200people on the plane. 飞机上大约有200人。 【扩展】 approximate a. 大约，大概 v. 近似，近似值，略计
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