part of a movement away from colonial names. The traditional cultural center of India, Mumbai is today a very modern city with world-class shopping, restaurants, and business areas. It is also home to Bollywood, the world's largest movie industry.
India is a complex country, culturally rich and diverse. If you visit India, be prepared for sensory overload; you will experience a culture of amazing depth and variety.
Five-star luxury can be enjoyed at Mumbai's Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, built in 1903 by Persian-Indian businessman Jamsetji Tata. According to local legend, Tata was not permitted to enter the finest British-managed hotel of that time, Wilson's, because of its policy of serving only European guests. In response, he established the Taj, with a promise that it would have the world's best service. Ever since, the Taj Mahal Palace has been listed among the world's top hotels. What about Wilson's? It's long gone.
Across the street from the Taj is the famous Gateway of India, an arch standing about 25 meters high. The monument was built to celebrate the visit to India of England's King George V and Queen Mary in 1911. Sellers and performers, including snake charmers, can be found in the surrounding busy park. At night, lit up by electric lights, the Gateway appeals to sightseers -- and lovers, too!
Just a one-hour ferry ride from Mumbai is the island of Elephanta. The island was named by the Portuguese, supposedly after a huge statue of an elephant that used to be there. It has amazing cave temples cut deeply into the rock, featuring sculptures preserved since the seventh century A.D.
Visitors leaving Mumbai can board their train at the Victoria Terminus (renamed Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus). This remarkable station is said to have been India's largest construction project when it was built in 1888. An impressive mixture of British and Indian building styles, the station is preserved today as a World Heritage Site. A. Multiple Choice. Question 1. Why is Mumbai said to be the New York of India? Question 2. According to a local legend, why did Jamsetji Tata establish his hotel? Question 3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the Gateway of India? Question 4. What language is \ Question 5. What kind of audience is this passage most likely intended for?
Script
Bollywood, Mumbai's famous film industry, was established in 1913, when the first movie was made there. Its name is derived from Bombay, the colonial name of Mumbai, and Hollywood , the American movie making center. Of the 1,000 or more Bollywood movies made today, most are musicals that include a mixture of song, dance, love, comedy, and action. Song and dance scenes by the male and female stars are often performed in impressive structures or surrounded by nature. Bollywood movies appeal to people all over the world. Bollywood movies are especially popular in the many areas of the world that have been populated by Indians and that have a cultural connection with India, such as South Africa, Nigeria, and Morocco.
Viewing
Mountain Train Answer Key
Before You View
A. 1. b 2. d 3. e 4. c 5. a B. 1. a 2. a
Viewing Comprehension
A. 1. T 2. F 3. F 4. T 5. T 6. F B. 1. 2250 2. 803. ten
C. Sample answers: 1. Six people. 2. In 1881. 3. It's winding. 4. For its cultural importance. After You View A. 1. b 2. c 3. a
B. 1. As long as it still works for travel in the mountains, and it appeals to tourists. 2. Answers will vary, but should be supported by reasons to show that students have properly considered the questions. Script
Mountain Train Narrator:
There are many trains in India, but none may be as special as the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway. It's so small that people call it the \
Every day, a six-man team prepares the old engine with water, coal, and steam before permitting it to make the long mountain climb. People here have depended on the railway since it was established in 1881. A familiar feature for locals, the train has become almost like an old friend. Passenger:
\
Every day, the toy train climbs over 2,250 meters. Tight mountain turns become increasingly difficult as the train climbs toward Darjeeling, a town located at the foot of the Himalayas and surrounded by some of the tallest peaks in the world.
The winding route means the train needs to use narrow tracks and travel at a very slow speed. Although the entire trip is about 80 kilometers, on a slow day it can take up to ten hours! Despite the inconvenience, the train appeals to both locals and sightseers. Nobody seems to object to the train's slow speed -- in fact, most seem to derive a lot of pleasure from it. While other historic trains may be threatened by modernization, the Darjeeling Railway has been carefully preserved for its cultural importance.
For fans of this train, being slow is actually a good thing. As the sign says, \so has life. \
Writing Answer Key
A. 1. Learn about Manhattan's Grand Central Terminal and the successful fight to preserve it. 2. Take a short tour of Mumbai, India, and experience the city and some of its sights.
3. The historic Dajeeling Himalayan Railway may be the slowest train in the world, but it is also one of the most beloved.
B. The Dajeeling Himalayan Railway may be the oldest and slowest railway still in service today, but despite its inconvenience, it remained the most charming and appealing way of transportation to locals as well as tourists. Modern railways may be faster, but more dangerous. Besides, the mountains where the toy train travels present wonderful scenery, which is best
enjoyed on a slow train on the Dajeeling Himalayan Railway.
Unit 5 Storms Warming Up Answer Key
1. Answers will vary, but should be supported by reasons to show that students have properly considered the questions.
2. Storms can kill or injure people and animals; destroy homes; flood the land; and leave people without food, water, shelter, or electricity.
3. Low-lying areas in Southeast Asia, Bangladesh, India, and China have had the greatest loss of life from storms. Severe storms also occur frequently along the Gulf of Mexico.
Listening
5A When Disaster Strikes Answer Key
Before You Listen
A. 1. helicopter 2. roof 3. flooding 4. levee B. 1. Hurricane Katrina 2. Some people died or were injured, others lost homes and belongings. Listening Comprehension A. 1. d 2. c 3. d 4. b 5. d B. a. 3 b. 4 c. 2 d. 5 e. 1 After You Listen
A. 1. exposed to the dangers of deadly floods 2. ignore the problem of rising sea level 3. challenging circumstances 4. distributed 5. engineers 6. rarely widespread 7. certain sectors 8. perfectly pleasant to reside in 9. sink beneath the waves
B. 1. sinking 2. resides 3. Circumstances 4. Engineers 5. exposed 6. ignore 7. distribute 8. widespread 9. sector Script
The Flooding of New Orleans
Hurricane Katrina, which struck the U.S. Gulf Coast in August 2005, was one of the costliest natural disasters in U.S. history -- both economically and in terms of lives lost. Damage to the city of New Orleans was estimated at more than 22 billion dollars. Over one million people were forced out of the city, and nearly 1,500 people lost their lives. The Storm Arrives
A day before Hurricane Katrina passed close to New Orleans, residents were ordered to leave the city. Unfortunately, tens of thousands of people ignored the order or were unable to leave. When Hurricane Katrina hit, water broke through the system of levees and flood walls constructed by government engineers. Many people in low-lying sectors of the city were forced up onto their roofs by the flood water and waited for help to come by boat or helicopter. Chaos in the City
Circumstances soon grew worse. There were not enough police left in the city, so people were
not only exposed to dangerous floodwaters but also to widespread crime. \were focused on getting people off roofs and out of the water,\were not enough people in the city to rescue and distribute food and water to those who needed help.\Looting of stores was common. \looted,\said Matthew, 35. \only to keep my family and myself alive. They left us here for days without any food or water, like we were just supposed to die. So we had to loot or die.\
A borrowed hotel curtain hung over street signs provided shelter for one large extended family. \was starting to think it was going to be our home forever,\day that buses were going to take us to shelters. It was just lies and more lies.\lived without running water or toilets as they waited for help. Dead bodies were left on streets. It was days before the government gained control of the city and the remaining people were taken to safety.
Should New Orleans Be Rebuilt?
Some experts believe that rebuilding New Orleans isn't a good idea. Currently, even a hurricane of average strength could cause flooding in the city again. Global warming is raising sea levels each year, and to make things worse, the land beneath New Orleans is sinking at a rate of up to 2.5 centimeters a year. However, despite the risk, two-thirds of the people who left have returned to help rebuild the city they love. A. Multiple Choice. Question 1. What is this passage mainly about? Question 2. How many people lost their lives in the flooding of New Orleans? Question 3. Which of the following is NOT a factor that made the disaster worse? Question 4. New Orleans is sinking at a rate of up to 2.5 centimeters a year. What does the phrase up to mean? Question 5. What can you infer about the rebuilding of New Orleans? Script
The Dutch are used to living in a country which is always exposed to the dangers of deadly floods. A country with half of its land below sea level cannot afford to ignore the problem of rising sea level, and Holland, which already has about U.S. $2.5 trillion invested in flood prevention, plans to invest as much as U.S. $25 billion more over the next century. Life in these challenging circumstances has inspired the Dutch to develop many excellent methods of fighting floods. In fact, during the flooding of New Orleans, the tiny country of Holland sent flood-fighting equipment and machinery which was distributed to the brave people fighting the high waters there. Thanks to the skill of Dutch engineers, flooding in Holland is rarely widespread, and is instead contained to certain sectors of the country. Two such areas are the valleys of the Rhine and the Meuse Rivers. Despite large flood walls, these rivers regularly flood the surrounding areas. During dry times, however, those areas are perfectly pleasant to reside in. One solution that is being developed is a type of house that seems normal in every way, except that it can float during times of high water rather than simply sink beneath the waves as normal houses would. Groups of houses would form floating neighborhoods in which people could live together during times of high water, temporarily getting around by boat until the end of the flood.
5B Superstorm Answer Key
Before You Listen
A. 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T
B. 1. They are all huge rotating storms with high speed wind, but are called tropical cyclones in the Indian Ocean, hurricanes in the Caribbean Sea, typhoons in the Pacific Ocean. 2. They may cause huge property loss, injuries, and even deaths of human beings. Listening Comprehension A. 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. a 5. b B. 1. d 2. a 3. e 4. c 5. b After You Listen
A. 1. warm and humid air 2. rotate around a center of low pressure 3. upward from the ground 4. qualifying 5. in a repeating cycle 6. blame for a number of deaths 7. attempts to forecast 8. professional storm researchers 9. combination of methods B. 1. qualifies 2. blame 3. cycle 4. Professional 5. rotates 6. combination C. 1. Answers will vary.
2. Answers will vary, but must be convincing and show the students have properly considered the questions. Script
Tropical Cyclones
We call them by sweet-sounding names like Firinga or Katrina, but they are huge rotating storms 200 to 2,000 kilometers wide with winds that blow at speeds of more than 100 kilometers per hour. Weather professionals, or meteorologists, know them as tropical cyclones, but they are called hurricanes in the Caribbean Sea, typhoons in the Pacific Ocean, and cyclones in the Indian Ocean. They occur in both the northern and southern hemispheres. Large ones have destroyed cities and killed hundreds of thousands of people. Birth of a Giant
We know that tropical cyclones begin over water that is warmer than 27 degrees Celsius (80 degrees Fahrenheit) slightly north or south of the earth's equator. Warm, humid air full of water vapor moves upward. The earth's rotation causes the growing storm to start to rotate around its center (called the eye). At a certain height, the water vapor condenses, changing to liquid and releasing heat. The heat draws more air and water vapor upward, creating a cycle as air and water vapor rise and liquid water falls. If the cycle speeds up until winds reach 118 kilometers per hour, the storm qualifies as a tropical cyclone. Storm Surge
Most deaths in tropical cyclones are caused by storm surge. This is a rise in sea level, sometimes seven meters or more, caused by the storm pushing against the ocean's surface. Storm surge was to blame for the flooding of New Orleans in 2005. The storm surge of Cyclone Nargis in 2008 in Myanmar pushed seawater nearly four meters deep some 40 kilometers inland, resulting in many deaths.
Difficult to Predict
The goal is to know when and where the next tropical cyclone will form. \that yet,\