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总论 ································································································ 2 1.1. 规划编制目的 ··········································································· 2 1.2. 规划依据 ·················································································· 2 1.3. 指导思想和规划原则 ······························································· 3 1.4. 规划范围和规划年限 ······························································· 3 1.5. 规划的技术路线 ······································································· 4 1.6. 规划重点 ·················································································· 4 2.
规划区域背景情况 ········································································· 4 2.1. 自然条件 ·················································································· 4 2.2. 社会经济概况 ··········································································· 8 2.3. 规划区相关建设规划要点 ······················································· 9 3.
环境现状调查与评价 ··································································· 10 3.1. 主要污染源分布 ····································································· 10 3.2. 废水污染源产生及排放情况 ················································· 10 3.3. 污染源的排放情况 ································································· 12 3.4. 环境质量现状评价 ································································· 12 3.5. 环境容量分析 ········································································· 13
目 录
4. 经济与环境预测··········································································· 14 4.1. 人口预测 ················································································ 14 4.2. 环境影响预测 ········································································· 14
5. 规划目标和功能区的划分 ··························································· 15 5.1. 总规划目标 ············································································ 15 5.2. 环境功能划分 ········································································· 16 5.3. 水污染物总量控制 ································································· 17
6. 常德市水环境规划方案 ······························································· 18 6.1. 水环境保护与综合整治 ························································· 18 6.2. 水环境污染源综合整治方案 ················································· 19
7. 实施方案 ······················································································ 20 7.1. 投资方案分析 ········································································· 20 7.2. 资金来源 ················································································ 21 7.3. 实施规划的保障措施 ····························································· 22
8. 环保目标可达性分析 ··································································· 24 8.1. 自然资源开发对环境的影响 ················································· 24 8.2. 经济发展方向和行业结构对环境目标的影响 ······················ 24 8.3. 居民生活水平对环境的影响 ················································· 24 8.4. 环境管理的作用 ····································································· 25
9. 环境规划布局图··········································································· 25
10. 心得体会 ······················································································ 26
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湖南省常德市水环境规划
1. 总论
1.1. 规划编制目的
调控规划区域的人类经济活动，减少污染，防止资源破坏，保护人类生存、经济和社会持续稳定发展所依赖的基础——环境。
1.2. 规划依据
湖南省常德市水环境保护规划的编制以下列文件为依据： （1）《中华人民共和国环境保护法》； （2）《中华人民共和国水污染防治法》； （3）《中华人民共和国水法》； （4）《中华人民共和国水土保持法》； （5）《中华人民共和国城市规划法》；
（6）《中共中央国务院关于关于加强城市规划工作的通知促进》； （7）《国家环境保护“十一五”规划划和2010年规划》； （8）《全国生态环境保护纲要》；
（9）《小城镇环境保护规划编制导则》(试行)；
（10）湖南省及常德市国民经济及社会发展“十五”计划及二O一O年发展规划。 引用标准
（1）《综合污水排放标准))(GB8978——1996) （2）《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》
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（3）《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002)
1.3. 指导思想和规划原则 1.3.1.
指导思想
贯彻可持续发展战略，坚持环境与发展综合决策，根据常德市的生态环境特点、环境容量和生态承载能力，探索通过保护资源、环境使之可持续利用，努力解决小城镇建设与发展中的生态环境问题；坚持以人为本，以创造良好的人居环境为中心，加强城镇生态环境综合整治，努力改善城镇生态环境质量，实现经济发展与环境保护“双赢”，促进小城镇在推动农村城市化、城乡一体化进程中健康地发展。
1.3.2. 规划原则
本规划遵照以下原则：
（1）坚持环境建设、经济建设、城镇建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展的方针，实现环境效益、经济效益、社会效益的统一。
（2）实事求是，因地制宜。针对常德市所处的地理位置、环境特征、功能定位，正确处理经济发展同人口、资源、环境的关系，合理确定其产业结构和发展规模。
（3）坚持污染防治与生态环境保护并重、生态环境保护与生态环境建设并举。预防为主、保护优先，统一规划、同步实施，努力实现城乡环境保护一体化。 （4）突出重点，统筹兼顾。以建制镇环境综合整治和环境建设为重点，既要满足当代经济和社会发展的需要，又要为后代预留可持续发展空间。 （5）充分发掘常德市自然生态景观特色，科学地进行生态环境保护和生态环境建设，塑造具有“江南水乡强烈个性的文化特色城市”。
（6）坚持前瞻性与可操作性的有机统一。根据时代发展的方向科学地研究，高起点、高标准，使规划方案满足时代发展的要求。
1.4. 规划范围和规划年限 1.4.1.
规划范围
常德市域范围1.82万km2，规划中心城区面积622.8 km2;，包括武陵区全部行政辖区、鼎城区武陵镇、灌溪镇、斗姆湖镇等8个乡镇区域、柳叶湖旅游度假区和德山经济技术开发区，规划建设用地面积160km2。
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1.4.2. 规划年限
规划基准年：2011年； 近期：2011年～2013年； 中期：2013年~2020年； 远期：2020年以后的20~30年。
1.5. 规划的技术路线
常德市环境保护规划技术路线是：根据常德市总体规划和社会经济发展规划的要求，收集自然、社会和环境资料，从污染源调查和环境质量的评价入手，分析研究主要的环境问题及其成因，进行环境功能分区，确定环境质量保护目标（环境容量随之确定）和污染物允许排放量（同时保证浓度达标排放和质量达标；浓度达标能计算出一个排放量，但这排放量不一定小于环境容量，这时必须在达标排放的前提下采取进一步措施削减排放量，使得最后的排放量既小于浓度达标排放量，也小于环境容量，也就是排放浓度和环境质量同时达标），通过污染源排放负荷（即预测的污染物产生量）和环境质量预测，提出污染物排放控制和削减方案，制定环境保护对策措施。
1.6. 规划重点
本规划重点有以下几个方面：
（1）依据《常德市“十一五”经济社会发展规划》预测规划期内经济增长引起的废水发生量、排放量及其环境影响；
（2）分析规划区环境容量，提出污染物总量控制目标；
（3）以《常德市总体规划》为基础，分析经济发展对市区水环境质量的影响，并规划保护方案和建设项目；
2. 规划区域背景情况
2.1. 自然条件 2.1.1.
地理位置
常德市位于湖南省西北部，地处长江中游洞庭湖水系、沅江下游和澧水中下游以及武陵山脉、雪峰山脉东北端。常德市东据西洞庭湖，与益阳市的南县、沅江市湖汊交错；西倚湘西山地，与蜿蜒在张家界市慈利县、永定区及怀化市沅陵县的武陵山脉相承；北枕鄂西山地和江汉平原，与湖北恩施土家族苗族自治州鹤
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