OD?AD?OA?a,从而A(0,0,0),B1(0,3a,0),?3a,0),B(a,22D(0,,0a). 所以 CC1?BB1?(?a,3a,0).
由BC?13131AD可得C(a,a,a),所以DC?(a,a,?a). 22222设平面DCC1D1的一个法向量为m?(x0,y0,z0),由m?CC1?0,m?DC?0,
??ax0?3ay0?0,?得 ?取y0?1,则x0?3,z0?33,所以m?(3,,133). 31ay0?az0?0.?ax0??22又平面ABB1A的法向量为OD?(0,,0a),所以1cos?OD,m?=OD?mODm=33a3?93. 31a31393. 31故平面DCC1D1与平面ABB1A1所成锐二面角的余弦值为BD,设AB1交A1B于点O, 解二:(1)连接AB1、A1D、
连OD,如图2所示.
ABD, 由AA1?AB,?DAB??DAA1可得△AA1D≌△
所以A1D?BD.由于O是线段A1B的中点,所以DO?A1B,
又根据菱形的性质AO?A1B,所以A1B?平面ADO,从而A1B?AD. (2)因为AD//BC,AD?2BC,所以延长AB、DC交于点E,
图2
EF, 延长A1B1、D1C1交于点F,且BE?AB,B1F?A1B1.连接
则EF//BB1.过点O作BB1的垂线交BB1于点G,交EF于点H, 连接DH,如图3所示.因为EF//BB1,所以OH?EF.
DH?EF, 由题意知DO?平面ABB1A1,可得
故?DHO是平面DCC1D1与平面ABB1A1所成二面角的平面角. 易知OG?333a,GH?3a,所以OH?a.在Rt△DOH中, 222?33?DH?OH?OD???2a????2233aOH39331?2?. ?a2?a,所以cos?DOH?DH31231a2图3
11
故平面DCC1D1与平面ABB1A1所成锐二面角的余弦值为
393. 3112.已知平行四边形ABCD,AB?4,AD?2,?DAB?60o,E为AB的中点,把三角形ADE沿DE折起至A?4,F是线段AC11的中点. 1DE位置,使得AC(1)求证:BF//面A1DE; (2)求证:面A1DE?面DEBC; (3)求二面角A1?DC?E的正切值.
A1FDCDCAEBEB
解析: (1) 如图
A1 F为AC1中点
G,连接FG、GE 证明:取DA1的中点
GDFC?GF//DC,且GF?DC
E为平行四边形ABCD边AB的中点
12EB?EB//DC,且EB?DC ?EB//GF,且EB?GF ?四边形BFGE是平行四边形
12?BF//EG
EG?平面A1DE,BF?平面A1DE
? BF//平面A1DE
(2)取DE的中点H,连接A1H、CH
A1FDH12
AB?4,AD?2,?DAB?60o,E为AB的中点
??DAE为等边三角形,即折叠后?DA1E也为等边三角形 ?A1H?DE,且A1H?3
CEB在?DHC中,DH?1,DC?4,?HDC?60o 根据余弦定理,可得
HC2?DH2?DC2?2DH?DCcos60o?12?42?2?1?4?,HC?13AC?4, A1H?3,12?AC?A1H2?HC2,即A1H?HC 11?13在?A1HC中,2
又
?A1H?DE?AH?HC1???DE?面DEBC,所以A1H?面DEBC ?HC?面DEBC???DEHC?HA1FDHEBOC又
A1H?面A1DE
?面A1DE?面DEBC
(3)过H作HO?DC于O,连接AO1、HO
A1H?面DEBC ?A1H?DC
又A1HHO?H
?DC?面A1HO ?DC?AO1,DC?HO
是二面角A1?DC?E的平面角 ??AOH1o在Rt?A,HO?DH?sin60?1?H?31HO中,A133,故?22tan?AOH?13?2 32所以二面角A1?DC?E的正切值为2
13. 设等差数列?an?的前n项和为Sn,满足:a2?a4?18,S7?91.递增的等比数列?bn?,Tk?126, 前n项和为Tn,满足:b1?bk?66,b2bk?1?128(1)求?an?、?bn?的通项公式
13
(2)设数列?cn?对?n?N,均有
?cc1c2????n?an?1成立,求c1?c2???c2015 b1b2bna2?a4?2a3?18??7(a1?a7)解:由题意得?,得a3?9,a4?13 S??7a?9174?2?则公差d?4,则an?a3?4(n?3)?4n?3
?b2bk?1?b1bk?128,b1?bk?66
则b1,bk是方程x?66x?128?0的两根,得b1?2,bk?64 又Tk?2b1?bkq2?64q??126,则q?2,则bn?2n
1?q1?q(2)?cc1c2????n?an?1 b1b2bn?cc1c2????n?1?an(n?2) b1b2bn?1cn?an?1?an?4(n?2) bn两式相减得
则cn?4bn?2n?2(n?2) 又
c1?a2?5,b1?2,则c1?10 b1则c1?c2???c2015?10?(22?24???22017)?22018?6
14. 设各项均为正数的数列?an?的前n项和为Sn,满足an+12=4Sn+4n?3,且a2,a5,a14恰好是等比数列?bn?的前三项.
(1)求数列?an?、?bn?的通项公式;
*(2)记数列?bn?的前n项和为Tn,若对任意的n?N,(Tn?)k?3n?6恒成立,求实
32数k的取值范围. 解:(1)
2an+12=4Sn+4n?3,?当n?2时,an=4Sn?1+4?n?1??3,
?an+12?an2=4?Sn?Sn?1??4=4an?4,
?an+12?an2?4an?4??an?2?2,
an?0恒成立,?an+1?an?2,n?2,
当n?2时,
?an?是公差d?2的等差数列.
14
2a2,a5,a14构成等比数列,?a5?a2?a14,?a2?8??a2??a2?24?,
2解得
a2?3,
?当n?2时,an?3?2?n?2??2n?1,
2a2由条件可知,=4a1+4?3,?a1?2
?2,n?1an???2n?1,n?2. ?数列?an?的通项公式为
?b1?3,b2?9,?数列{bn}的通项公式为bn?3
n?1b1(1?qn)3(1?3n)3n?1?33?33Tn????(?)k?3n?6*1?q1?3222(2), 对n?N恒成
n?k?立, 即
2n?43n对n?N*恒成立, 11分
令
cn?2n?42n?42n?6?2(2n?7)c?c??n?1?nn?13n,3n33n,
当n?3时,
cn?cn?1,当n?4时,cn?cn?1
22k?27,27.
?(cn)max?c3?
15.已知数列?an?满足an?3an?1?3n?1(n?N?,n?2)且a3?95。 (1)求a1,a2的值;
(2)是否存在一个实数t,使得bn?1?(a?t)(n?N)且?bn?为等差数列?若存在,求nn3出t的值;如不存在,请说明理由; (3)求数列?an?的前n项和Tn.
解析:(1)当n=2时,a2?3a1?8,当n=3时,
a3?3a2?26?95?a2?23,?23?3a1?8?a1?5.
(2)法一:当n?2时,bn?bn?1?111a?t?a?t??????an?t?3an?1-3t? nn?13n3n?13n?1n1?2t3?1?2t?1?. ??3n3n15