3. 增加名词
1). First you borrow, then you beg. 头一遭借钱，下一遭就讨饭。
2). Mary washed for a living after her husband died of cancer. 玛丽的丈夫得癌症去世后，她靠洗衣服维持生活。 3). He ate and drank, for he was exhausted.
他吃了点东西，喝了点酒，因为他疲惫不堪了。
4). The development of economy remains one of the priorities of the Chinese Government.发展经济仍然是中国政府的首要课题/任务之一。
5). That black jacket is indeed cheap and fine. 那件黑夹克真是价廉物美。 6). He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 他满脸皱纹，皮肤黝黑，头发灰白稀疏。
7). A new kind of car—small, cheap—is attracting increasing attention.
一种新型轿车正越来越引起人们的注意——这种轿车体积小，价钱便宜。 8). His arrogance made everyone dislike him. 他的傲慢态度使谁也不喜欢他。
9). After all preparations were made, the planes were flown across the U.S. to San Francisco. 一切准备工作就绪以后， 飞机就飞越美国去了旧金山。 4、增加语气词或量词
1). Don’t get angry. I’m just making fun of you. 不要生气嘛！我不过开开玩笑罢了。
2). As for me, I didn’t agree from the very beginning. 我呢，从一开始就不赞成。 3). They (the eyes) were the same colour as the sea, cheerful and undefeated.
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那双眼睛啊，像海水一样的蓝，令人愉快，毫不沮丧 4). A red sun is rising slowly on the horizon. 一轮红日正从地平线上冉冉升起。
5). A stream was winding its way through the valley into the Dadu river. 一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇合到大渡河去了。 6）This too was a complicate lie. 这也纯粹是一派胡言。 7). Once, they had a quarrel. 有一次，他们争吵了一番。 8). Seeing is believing. 百闻不如一见。
9). The essence remains its identity while appearances may vary. 万变不离其宗。
10）Man, was, is and always will be trying to improve his living conditions. 人类过去、现在而且将来总是在尽力改善生活条件。 二）汉译英常用的增词法
1. 我早晨起床后的第一件事是收拾房间。
The first thing I do after I get up in the morning is to tidy up the room. 2. 意大利著名旅行家马可·波罗曾这样叙述他印象中的杭州：……
A famous ancient Italian traveler, Marco Polo, once described his impressions of Hangzhou like this: ……
3. 台湾是中国的领土。 Taiwan is part of Chinese territory.
4. 饭店现有三个餐厅和一个贵宾间、240个座位。The restaurant now has three dining rooms
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and a VIP room with a total of 240 seats. 5. 狠抓管理，安全生产。
We should improve management and ensure safe production. 6. 月亮升得高高的，明亮犹如银盘。
The moon rose high, shining as brightly as a silver plate. 7. 突然电话铃响了。母亲让我回去送弟弟去医院看病。
Suddenly the telephone rang. It was my mother calling me. She wanted me to go home and take my brother to hospital.
8. 对确有困难的中西部地区和老工业基地，中央财政将继续给予支持。
In the case of the enterprises of western and central China and old industrial bases that are in real financial difficulties, the central government will continue to offer financial help.
9. 有条件的地方要率先实现现代化。
The areas with suitable conditions must take the lead in achieving modernization. 10. 该公司的主要经营范围包括：… …
The business scope of the company covers the following areas: … … B．增词使结构完整
1. 收效可能来得慢，但是有把握，而且是巨大的。The rewards may come slowly, but they are sure and tremendous.
2. 我们应当逐步消灭城乡差别。
We should gradually eliminate the difference between city and country. 3. 我吃得不多，睡得不好。
I am unable to eat much or sleep soundly.
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4. 她生来富于同情心，总是乐于帮助别人。She is sympathetic by nature and is always ready to help others.
5. 新婚夫妇有数十位宾客陪同，坐着汽车到新房去了。
The newly wedded couple, accompanied by dozens of guests, went to their chamber by car.
6. 全国人民总体上实现了由温饱向小康的跨越。The Chinese people nationwide have developed from the stage of having enough to eat and wear to that of living a better-off life. 7. 明朝的时候，这座城市成了一个繁荣的港口。In the Ming Dynasty the city became a flourishing port.
8. 沿着南京路向东走，走到尽头，是靠黄浦江江岸的一个很美的地区。
Walking eastward along Nanjing Road, one finally comes to a very beautiful area bordering the bank of the Huangpu River. C. 增加代词 1). 小不忍则乱大谋。
If one is not patient in small things, one will never be able to control great ventures. 2). 交出翻译之前，必须读几遍，看看有没有要修改的地方，这样你才能把工作做好。Before handing in your translation, you have to read it over and over again and see if there is anything in it to be corrected or improved. Only thus can you do your work well. 3). 没有调查就没有发言权。
He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak. 又如：―又要马儿跑得快, 又要马儿不吃草, 简直可笑。‖
You want the horse to run fast and yet you don’t let it graze. Isn’t it ridiculous! 4). 别把手搁在口袋里。
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Don’t put your hands in your pockets. 5). 天一天天冷起来了。 It is getting colder day by day. 6) 尝试而失败还是比不尝试好。
It is better to try and fail than never try at all. 7). 你三星期完成这项设计不容易。
It was not easy for you to finish this design in three weeks. 8). 把钟拆开比把它装起来容易。
It is easier to take a clock apart than to put it together again. Omission (省略法) 1). A book is useful. 书（是）有用（的）。 2). The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕太阳转。
3). On Sundays we have no school. 礼拜天我们不上课。
4）由于时间仓促，作者水平有限，书中疏漏 在所难免，欢迎广大读者批评指正。 Any advice and criticism is warmly welcome about this book. （一）英译汉时常用的省略 I．从语法角度来看 1. 省略代词
1).He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable. 他消瘦而憔悴，看上去一副可怜相。
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