附件8：
110（66）kV～750kV避雷器技术标准
（附编制说明）
国家电网公司
目录
1 总则 ····································· 1 2 引用标准 ··································· 1 3 避雷器类型 ·································· 2 3.1 金属氧化物避雷器 ······················································································································ 2 3.2 碳化硅阀式避雷器 ······················································································································ 2 4 使用环境条件 ································· 2 4.1 正常使用环境条件 ······················································································································ 2 4.2 异常使用环境条件 ······················································································································ 3 5 避雷器选择的一般程序······························ 3 6 技术要求 ··································· 4 6.1 无间隙金属氧化物避雷器 ········································································································ 4 6.2 带串联间隙金属氧化物避雷器 ································································································14 6.3 碳化硅阀式避雷器 ·····················································································································18 7 技术资料 ·································· 21 7.1 招标前用户和制造厂所需提供的技术资料 ·············································································21 7.2 合同签订后供货方所需提供的技术资料·················································································21 7.3 设备供货时应提供以下资料····································································································21 8 试验 ···································· 22 8.1 无间隙金属氧化物避雷器 ·······································································································22 8.2 带串联间隙金属氧化物避雷器 ································································································24 8.3 碳化硅阀式避雷器 ···················································································································26 8.4 试验方法 ··································································································································27 9 标志、包装、贮存和运输 ··························· 30 9.1 标志 ···········································································································································30 9.2 包装 ···········································································································································31 9.3 随产品提供的技术文件 ·············································································································31 9.4 运输和贮存 ································································································································31 10 技术服务 ································· 31 10.1 项目管理 ································································································································31 10.2 设备监造 ································································································································31 10.3 现场服务 ································································································································31 10.4 售后服务 ································································································································31 附录A无间隙金属氧化物避雷器的典型参数 ····················· 33 附录B避雷器用橡胶密封件的结构型式及系列参数 ·················· 34 附录C绝缘子金属附件热镀锌层技术要求 ······················ 37
I
附录D碳化硅阀式避雷器的电气特性 ························ 38 附录E碳化硅阀式避雷器直流泄漏电流要求 ····················· 39 附录F碳化硅阀式避雷器用碳化硅技术要求 ····················· 40
II
110（66）kV～750kV避雷器技术标准
1 总则
1.1 为适应电网的发展要求，提高设备运行的安全可靠性，加强输变电设备技术管理，特制定本技术标准。
1.2 本标准是依据国家和国际的有关标准、规程和规范并结合近年来国家电网公司输变电设备评估分析、生产运行情况分析以及设备运行经验而制定的。
1.3 本标准对金属氧化物避雷器、碳化硅阀式避雷器设备的设计选型（运行选用）、订货、监造、出厂验收、包装运输、现场安装和现场验收等环节提出了具体的技术要求。
1.4 本标准适用于国家电网公司系统的110（66）kV～750kV金属氧化物避雷器以及交流电力系统标称电压110（66）kV～500kV碳化硅阀式避雷器。35kV及以下电压等级避雷器可参照执行。 2 引用标准
以下为输电设备设计、制造及试验所应遵循的国家、行业和企业的标准及规范，但不仅限于此：
GB 311.1-1997 高压输变电设备的绝缘配合 GB 2900.12-1989 电工名词术语 避雷器
GB 2900.19-1982 电工名词术语 高电压试验技术和绝缘配合 GB 7327-1987 交流系统用碳化硅阀式避雷器 GB 11032-2000 交流无间隙金属氧化物避雷器
GB 16434-1996 高压架空线路和发电厂、变电所环境污区分级及外绝缘选择标准 GB/T 16927.1-1997 高电压试验技术 第一部分：一般试验方法 GB 50150-1991 电气装置安装工程电气设备交接试验标准 DL 474.5-1992 现场绝缘试验实施导则 避雷器试验 DL/T 620-1997 交流电气装置的过电压保护和绝缘配合 DL/T 804-2002 交流电力系统金属氧化物避雷器使用导则 DL/T 815-2002 交流输电线路用复合外套金属氧化物避雷器
DL/T 864-2004 标称电压高于1000V 交流架空线路用复合绝缘子使用导则 JB 2440-1991 避雷器用放电计数器 JB/T 4035-1999 阀式避雷器用碳化硅
JB 5892-1991 高压线路有机复合绝缘子技术条件 JB/T 8177-1999 绝缘子金属附件热镀锌层 通用技术条件 JB/T 8460-1996 高压线路用棒形复合绝缘子 尺寸与特性 JB/T 9669-1999 避雷器用橡胶密封件及材料规范 JB/T 9670-1999 金属氧化物避雷器电阻片用氧化锌
1
Q/GDW 109-2003 750kV系统用金属氧化物避雷器技术标准 国家电网公司电力生产设备评估管理办法（生产输电[2003]95号） 国家电网公司关于加强电力生产技术监督工作意见（生产输电[2003]29号） 国家电网公司预防110（66）kV～750kV避雷器事故措施（国家电网生[2004]641号） 3 避雷器类型 3.1 金属氧化物避雷器 3.1.1 无间隙金属氧化物避雷器
系统标称电压（Un）不小于110（66）kV的无间隙金属氧化物避雷器按其标称放电电流及使用场合分类见表1。
表 1 系统标称电压不小于110（66）kV的无间隙金属氧化物避雷器分类
标称放电电流In 避雷器额定电压Ur kV(有效值) 避雷器类别 20kA等级 420≤Ur≤648 10kA等级 90≤Ur≤468 5kA等级 84≤Ur≤90 并联补偿电容器用 84≤Ur≤108 电站及线路用 1.5kA等级 60≤Ur≤207 变压器中性点用 电站及线路用 3.1.2 带串联间隙金属氧化物避雷器 系统标称电压（Un）不小于110（66）kV的带串联间隙金属氧化物避雷器主要用于输电线路中限制雷电过电压及（或）操作过电压。 3.2 碳化硅阀式避雷器
系统标称电压（Un）不小于110（66）kV的碳化硅阀式避雷器按照放电间隙的种类可分为磁吹阀式避雷器和普通阀式避雷器。 4 使用环境条件
4.1 正常使用环境条件
不同类型避雷器的正常使用环境条件见表2。
表 2 避雷器的正常使用环境条件
金属氧化物避雷器 110（66）kV≤Un≤500kV 海拔高度 环境温度 最大日温差 日照强度 电源频率 工作电压 ≤1000m ≤＋40℃，≥－40℃ ≤25K ≤1.1kW/m ≤62Hz， ≥48Hz 长期工作电压不超过持续运行电压 2Un＝750kV ≤2000m ≤＋40℃，≥－25℃ ≤32K ≤1kW/m 50Hz 长期工作电压不超过持续运行电压 2碳化硅阀式避雷器 ≤1000m ≤＋40℃，≥－40℃ ≤25K ≤1.1kW/m 50Hz 系统短时工频电压升 高不超过额定电压 2 2