交班驾驶员应当告知接班驾驶员船舶的航行状态，如： The ship?s position, course, speed, or any danger to navigation.
He shall ensure that the relieving officer fully understand all standing orders or the Master?s night orders. The relieving officer shall check the ship?s position, course and speed; be aware of the tides, currents, weather, visibility; note the status of all bridge equipment; note the movement of other vessels nearby.
special attention for shift change is to make sure everything is clearly stated and understood.
3. Describe the differences between navigation in a narrow channel and in a traffic separation scheme.
a) The rules in navigating in a narrow channel .
b) The rules in navigating in a traffic separation scheme . c) The major differences in terms of technical navigation.
Rule 9 of COLREG specifies rules for vessel navigating in a narrow channel.
In a narrow channel, a vessel shall proceed near to the starboard limit of the channel if it is safe and possible. A vessel shall avoid crossing a narrow channel. 在狭水道沿航道外缘行驶,要避免穿越狭水道。
Any vessel shall, if the circumstances of the case admit, (如果情况容许)avoid anchoring in a narrow channel. Rule10 of COLREG specifies rules for vessel navigating in a traffic separation scheme.
In a traffic separation scheme a vessel shall proceed in the general direction of the traffic flow of that traffic lane. 沿船舶总流方向行驶
But usually she will proceed along the centerline of the traffic lane and shall keep clear of a traffic separation line or separation zone. 沿着航道中间线行驶，远离通航分隔线或通航分隔带 This is different from narrow channel navigation.
4. Describe advantages of various tools or technologies for proper lookout. a) The features of radar observation . b) The advantages of visual lookout .
c) The correct uses of various tools or technologies .
There are various tools or technologies for keeping a proper lookout at sea.
Radar can detect the presence of an object within its working range in various weather conditions. 各种天气下，在量程范围内可探测到物标的出现
The bearing and distance of the object are noted and plotted. 可记录和标绘物标的方位和距离 But radar cannot tell the shape, size or height of the object. 无法呈现物标的形状、大小和高低 Besides, radar has blind sectors, so we cannot rely totally on the detection of radar. 有盲区 Visual lookout can discover object and find out its shape, size and height.
But this can only be possible within a certain distance in favorable weather conditions.
Therefore, in some circumstances, lookout should be stationed even when radar is in operation. Different tools or technologies have their respective advantages and disadvantages,
so we should use all available means to keep a proper lookout in order to ensure safe navigation.
5. Describe the preparations to be done by the Deck Department prior to arrival a) General introduction of the responsibilities of Deck Department in pre-arrival situation .
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b) Preparations to be done prior to arrival .
Before a vessel arrives at a port, some preparation work must be done. Inform the agent at the port about the ship?s ETA.
Ask the agent to arrange berthing, pilot, tug and so on.
Prepare the documents and certificates required for inspections. All navigational equipment should be tested and recorded. Arrange mooring ropes on the deck. Prepare cargo gears.
Inform the engine room about ETA.
Gather detail information of the port such as fairway, tides and currents. Remind the crew to obey the port rules and regulation.
第6章 修船与船体保养
1 Describe the formalities before carrying out a ship’s repair. a) The necessity of carrying out a ship?s repair . b) The formalities before a ship?s repair begins . c) Special attention paid to the repair .
After a period of operation, a ship as well as its equipment needs repairing in Order to keep it in an efficient state.
Usually the Company will inform the Captain of ship repair three months in advance.
Then the Captain will instruct the Chief Officer and the Chief Engineer to compile repair lists with relevant personnel.
If any replacement is necessary and no corresponding spare is on board,spare Order lists should also be compiled.
The repair lists, spare order lists and store lists for ship repair will be sent to the Company for approval. Preparations including fire-protection preparations should be made before the ship repair.
2、Describe the procedures of carrying out hull maintenance . a) The preparations before carrying out hull maintenance . b) The contents of hull maintenance .
c) The cautions to be taken while carrying out hull maintenance .
Hull maintenance includes cleaning, derusting, painting and maintenance of deck equipment 船体保养包括清洁，除锈，涂漆和甲板机械的保养
To ensure the ship to proceed in good condition, prolong serving time and reduce repair cost, the ship repair must be carried out.
为了确保船舶在良好状态下行驶，延长使用寿命和减少维修成本，必须要进行修船 Before maintenance, preparations shall be made. 维修之前，应做好准备
The rusted area shall be scraped to bare metal 生锈的地方必须除白
The operators shall be in proper distance and use suitable tools to prevent hurting.
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工作人员必须在安全距离内使用适当的工具防止受伤
After derusting, do some cleaning and apply anti-corrosive paint in time.除锈之后，进行清洁并及时涂上防锈漆
3、Describe the procedures of carrying out an overhaul for navigational aids . a) The necessity of carrying out overhaul for navigational aids . b) The contents of the overhaul . c) The cautions to be taken.
Navigational aids play an important role in ensuring the ship?s safety navigation. It is very necessary carry out periodical overhaul for them.
Important navigational aids include radar, compass, GPS, AIS, GMDSS and so on. The contents of the overhaul normally include Checking the effective operation of these aids;
Checking the important parts of the navigational aids, Repairing or replacing the faulty parts.
In overhauling, the cautions to be taken are safety prevention.
4、Describe the procedures of carrying out the maintenance of riggings . a) The preparations before carrying out the maintenance of riggings . b) The contents of the maintenance of riggings .
c) The cautions to be taken while carrying out the maintenance .
It is very necessary to carry out the maintenance of riggings on board ship. Some preparations must be done before the maintenance. Prepare necessary tools and materials.
The contents of the maintenance of riggings include: Finding out any rust marks on the wire rope and fittings; Replace any broken items;
Adjust the tension of the wires properly.
In overhauling, the cautions to be taken are safety prevention.
第7章 事故处理
1 Describe the procedures in handling fire on board. a) The alarms .
b) The measures taken after the fire has been extinguished . c) Your position and function during fire-fighting .
If there is fire on board, the correct procedures include: First, sound the fire alarm at once. Then inform the bridge and master.
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Rescue person in danger.
If possible, use the proper extinguishers at hand to fight the fire. The measures taken after the fire has been extinguished includes:
Check the fire spot carefully to ensure that there is no remaining flame. Post watchmen to prevent any re-ignition. If there is re-ignition, put out the re-ignition.
As a third officer, during fire fighting I the leader of the fire fighting team. And I will carry out the captain?s orders.
2 Describe the emergency procedures in handling ship-borne oil pollution. a) The alarms .
b) Typical and detailed procedures .
c) Your position and function during handling ship-borne oil pollution .
If an oil spill ocurrs on board, sound the alarm at once and inform the master immediately. The typical procedures are:
activate emergency response procedures according to the SOPEP. Stop all oil transfer operations.
Shut off all the valves on the pipeline.
Inform the oil supply barge or oil terminal with details. Clean up the oil spill immediately.
The chief officer is the on-scene commander in handling ship-borne oil pollution. The master shall submit a Statement of Fact to certain authority.
3 Describe briefly one of the cases that you have experienced or heard as to collision, fire, flooding, or grounding.
a) The brief introduction to the story .
b) Your comments on the successes of the measures . c) Your comments on the improperness of the measures .
I have heard of a case happening on board a crude carrier. At first, a fire broke out in the engine room of the ship. The fire prevented access to the engine room fire pump. The emergency fire pump could not be started successfully.
Foam was not available because there was no water pressure on the foam line. Only portable extinguishers were usable and these had little effect. At last, the vessel was abandoned.
I think that the measures taken in that case were correct.
But the emergency fire pump on board was not properly maintained and frequently tested.
4 Describe the procedures in refloating ship aground. a) The different situations of being aground .
b) The measures taken to refloat the ship aground . c) Special attention paid to refloat the ship .
There are different situations of ship?s being aground such as 船舶搁浅有各种情况
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aground forward, aground aft and aground full length. 船首，船尾，船底全部搁浅 We should judge the aground situation. 判断搁浅情况
We must pay attention to the water depth around the ship, tide situation, damage situation and so on. 注意船周围的水深，潮汐及受损情况
Then we will take proper measures to reploat the ship. 采取正确措施
The measures to refloat a ship include pumping out ballast water, jettisoning cargo,tide riding and so on. 措施有泵出一些压载水，弃货，乘潮
In refloating ship aground, special attention should be paid to keep the ship?s seaworthiness. 保持船舶的适航性
5 Describe the procedures in handling cargo damage. a) Descriptions on different cargo damages .
b) The general procedures for handling cargo damages . c) Special attention paid to the handling of damages .
Cargo damage includes breakage, leakage, water damage and so on.货损包括破损、漏损、水损等等 During discharging, the C.O should check any cargo damage before the cargo leaves the ship. 卸货期间，大副要在货物卸下船前检查货损
The damage extent and number of pieces damaged should be clearly written down on the receipt. 损坏的程度和数量应该清楚记录在收据上
Then a discharging report should be written out with the cause and extent of the damage. 书写关于原因和货损程度的卸货报告
The receipt and report should be sent to the company ASAP. 尽快把收据和报告送到公司
Choose the words of remarks on the receipt carefully in order that the liability will not be increased. 收据上的意见用语必须认真选择避免增加责任和不利
第8章 消防与船员自救
1 Describe fire precautions on board
a) Fire protection-equipment to be checked . b) Procedures of a fire drill . c) Summary .
Fire precautions on board are very important.船上防火非常重要
Fire-fighting equipment should be checked regularly 要经常定期检查消防设施 Fire extinguishers should be charged in good time灭火器要及时充满
Cargo ships should have a fire drill every month.每个月要进行一次消防演习
The drills should be conducted as if there were an actual fire.演习必须当作真实发生火灾一样来进行。 Drill details should be entered into the logbook.演习的详情必须记录在航海日志上 The better we?re prepared, the safer the ship will be.准备越充分，船就越安全
2 Describe damage control on board. a) Equipment to be checked . b) Damage control activities . c) Summary .
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