大学英语四级考试专项辅导 作文部分
2．在充分领会图表信息的基础上，结合标题和其题目要求构思文章布局。一般来说，图表作文均可采用这样的标准结构：
第一段：描写数据的主要趋势，对数据进行比较分析，总结归纳图表所呈现的主要特征。 第二段：分析揭示图表表象后面的原因。 第三段：下结论
用于描写图片或数据的语句
1．As we can see from the chart/graph/table/diagram,…
2. The chart/graph/table/diagram displays/illustrates/describes that… 3. The figures/statistics in the chart reflect/show/reveal that… 4. It is clear/apparent from the chart/graph/table/diagram that… 5. In 1990, it increased/decreased from ... to ...
6. By comparison with 1998, it decreased/increased by…
?compared with?7. The figure has nearly doubled, ?? that of last year.
as against??8. It has ??increased??
decreased???two and a half times???almost?twice?, compared with ...
?six times????twice?9. The number is ?4 times?half???? as much as that of 1990. ??10. It ??accounts for?? ... percent of the total.
?takes (up)??halfless than???11. The number was ..., ?? a ?third?more than??quarter???? of the total of 1990. ??12．…. had the largest percentage/proportion of
13. On the top of the list is …, which accounts for 60% 14. At the bottom is…, which takes up 20% 15. ….is second to …,
16 A is ranked/rated first, followed by B at 30% and C at 25%
17. The number of … increased/rose / dropped/declined/fell by….% from … to… 18. The number of …remained steady/stable at approximately … between… and… 19. The situation/figures reached a peak/high/ bottomed out at…% in … 20. The number soared to a record high of…
模板练习
Direction: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How People Spent Their Holiday. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below.
Year 1990 1995 2000 Traveling 37% 51% 76% Staying at home 63% 49% 24%
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大学英语四级考试专项辅导 作文部分
1．上图所示为了1990年，1995年、2000年某城市人们度假方式的情况，请描述其变化； 2．请说明发生这些变化的原因； 3．得出结论。 范文
How People Spent Their Holidays
As can be seen from the table, the past decade have witnessed dramatic changes in the way people spent their holiday between 1990 and 2000. In 1990, 63% of people spent their holidays at home, while the figure dropped considerably to 24% in 2000. It is obvious from the table that people tended to be more and more mobile, and they wanted to get entertainment in the outside world.
What contributed to these changes? I think the reasons are as follows. To start with, with the rapid development of economy, people earn by far more money than they used to. Thus, people are able to afford traveling expenses. Secondly, People think it important to get well-informed about the outside world in this new ear when everything is on the move. Traveling, of course, is a sure way to achieve this goal. What’s more, in this competitive society, people are usually under great stress. However, it is not difficult to find traveling an effective way to relieve people’s stress and get relaxation. Last but not least, by traveling outside, people are close to nature, which is not only beneficial to both their health and peace of mind.
In conclusion, people prefer to go traveling rather than stay at home during holidays for a combination of reasons. Moreover, it seems that this trend will last in the foreseeable future.
真题回顾
2002年6月全国大学英语四六级考试作文题 (1991年6月也属此类)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Student Use of Computers. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the chart and the outline given below:
1.上图所示为某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间: 1990年(2 hours)、1995年(4 hours)、2002年(14 hours)，请描述其变化；
2. 请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)； 3. 你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。 范文
Students’ use of Computers
From the chart, we can see clearly that the average number or hours a students spends on the
computer per week has increased from less than two hours in 1990 to nearly four hours in 1995, and then to 20 hours in 2000.
This significant growth in the use of computers by students in the 1990s can be attributed to several factors. Firstly, because of the social modernization, computer becomes an indispensable tool for students to study and communicate. Today’s society relies heavily on computers for immediate access to the news and for entertainment. Secondly, the fast development of the internet stimulates people to spend more and more hours on computer. What’s more, due to the fierce competition in Hi-tech industry, the price of computer has dropped significantly. It is no longer a luxury but a common ―household appliance‖.
However, the increasing use of computers results in some problems and challenges. Some students cannot resist the temptation of some unhealthy information on the internet and are lured by it without self-control. And some others indulge themselves in computer games so much that they cut class so often. 评析：相对于统计表来说，柱形图的数据显得非常简洁明了。该图的横向坐标为日期，纵向坐标为大学生每周使用计算机的时间。写作时要考虑的关键是计算机应用与日期的关系：随着日期的推移，大学生使用计算机的时间越来越多。文章第一段中对图表的描述言简意赅，具有高度的概括性，开门见山，直入主题。文章第二段采用主题句+支撑的段落结构，分别采用等使论述层次清晰，一目了然，显示了考生良好的驾驭英语语言的能力，反映了考生良好的语言基本功。第三段用将话锋一转，指出了当今学生使用计算机时存在的实际问题。对于本类图表作文来说，可以根据题目中的提纲把
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大学英语四级考试专项辅导 作文部分
第三点作为整个文章的结尾段内容，也可以再单独加一个段落作为结论段，如：In a word, what we should do is to use computers wisely, that is to say, take advantages computers bring to us and do our utmost to avoid its disadvantages。
写作训练
1．Directions: Write a composition based on the following graph. The composition should be entitled \
参考范文
From the diagram, we can see that between 1900 and 1950, the population of the state remained a little less than 200,000. Since 1951 it has been increasing rapidly. In the past four decades, the population has gone up by over three times.
There are several reasons for the increase. Firstly, the open policy being carried out in the state has enabled many foreign laborers to work there. Secondly, the beautiful scenery of the small island has
attracted many tourists and some of them have been permitted to settle there. In addition, the government may not have realized the necessity of controlling population.
If this trend continues, it is no doubt that the small state will suffer from various kinds of problems caused by overpopulation, such as lack of land resources, food shortage and traffic congestion. Therefore, actions should be taken to control the increase of the population.
2．Directions: Write a three-paragraph composition to:
1. State the changes in people's diet in the past five years. 2. Give possible reasons for the changes. 3. Draw your own conclusion.
You should quote as few figures as possible. Year 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 Grain 49% 47% 46.5% 45% 45% Milk 10% 11% 11% 12% 13% Meat 17% 20% 22.5% 23% 21% Fruit and Vegetables 24% 22% 20% 20% 21% Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 参考范文 Changes in People's Diet
As can be seen from the table, great changes have been taking place in people's diet in the past five years. Grain, as the main food of most Chinese, is now playing a less important role, while the proportion of some high-energy foods, such as milk and meat, has increased.
What has caused these changes? I think there are two reasons. First, people now have more money.
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大学英语四级考试专项辅导 作文部分
The price of meat and milk is much higher than that of grain, so in the old days people couldn't afford them. Now they have enough money to buy both meat and milk. Second, people nowadays pay more attention to the elements of their diet. They look for a well-balanced diet that will be good for their health.
In short, there have been changes in people's diet in the past five years because of financial and health reasons, and there will be further changes in the future.
应用文
1．综观历年四、六级写作考试总的趋势是应用性增强，考生有必要熟悉这一应用文文体的写作，尤其是书信作文的写作。
2．常见的书信类投诉信、询问信、道歉信、感谢信、邀请信、求职信、求学信和推荐信。 3.注意书信格式
英文书信通常包括六个部分：Heading（信头），Inside Address（信内地址），Salutation（称呼），Body of Letter（信的正文），Complementary Close（结束语），Signature（签名）。
1）信头 指发信人的单位名称、地址、发信日期。从信纸的上端中央往右写，第一行可单位名称，第二行写门牌号和路名，第三行写市名、省名、邮政号码，第四行写国名，第五行写发信日期。学生写信时第一行写班级名称，第二行写系科名称，第三行写学校名称，第四行写市名、省名、邮政号码，第五行写国名，第六行写发信日期。国内信件可以省略国名。
2）信内地址 指收信人的姓名、单位和地址，信头下隔一二行，从左边开始写。第一行写姓名、头衔，其他部分格式与信头格式相仿，只是不要再写日期。
商业信件及公函必须写信头和信内地址。亲朋好友之间的信可不写信内地址，信头处只写发信日期就行了。
3）称呼 信内地址下隔一二行写称呼，其左侧与信内地址第一行对齐。对不相识的男子，单数常用Sir, Dear Sir,或 My Dear Sir；复数常用 Dear Sirs 或 Gentlemen。对不相识的女士，单数常用Madam, Dear Madam, 或 My Dear Madam；复数常用 Mesdames或My Dear Mesdames。对比较熟悉的男子，一般称Dear Mr...即可；对比较熟悉的女士，一般称Dear Mrs (或 Miss)...即可。熟人和亲人之间通信，可用下列称呼（按亲密程度排列）：Dear David; My dear David, Dearest David, My dearest David, My dearest, Darling David, My darling, My very own darling等。有头衔的可把头衔缩写放在名字前，如 Prof. Wang, Dr. Liu, Gen. Chang等。
4）信的正文 称呼下方隔一二行处开始写正文。写信与写文章一样，要分段写，每段有一个中心思想，内容表达清楚，语言简单明了，态度诚恳礼貌。给亲友的信还应该亲切热情。
5）结束语 结束语是写信人对收信人的谦称，写在正文下面二三行处，从中间写起，第一个词的开头字母要大写，末尾用逗号。 给机关团体或不相识的人可用： Yours truly或Truly yours
Yours faithfully或Faithfully yours Yours sincerely或Sincerely yours 给上级或长者的信可用：
Yours respectfully或Respectfully yours Yours obediently或Obediently yours Yours gratefully或Gratefully yours 给一般熟人或朋友的信可用：
Yours, Yours ever, Ever yours, Yours as ever, 或 Yours sincerely 给亲属或挚友的信可用：
Yours affectionately, Lovingly yours, Your loving son (child, sister...),或Yours devoted friend 6）签名 即写信人署名，写在结束语下面偏右处。
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大学英语四级考试专项辅导 作文部分
分类讲解 1．投诉信 当你希望某事得到改善或某个问题得到补救时，往往会写投诉信。 写作策略
开头段：说明与收信人的相关性，并表明写作意图。
主体段：说明投诉的原因，要展开说明，可以说明具体理由，也可以说明问题的具体体现方式，比如，表达你对此事带来不便的感受、心情。此外，提出你对如何改进或者解决问题的建议，清楚表明你希望问题如何得到解决。
结尾段：表达你希望上述问题得到迅速解决的强烈愿望，并对有关人员做出的努力表示感谢，希望尽快得到满意的答复。 常用句型
1. I am writing to you to complain abut…
2. I am writing to express my dissatisfaction with… 3. I am completely disappointed /upset to find…
4. There are some problems with… that I wish to bring to attention . In the first place,… in the second place. …
5. To improve the situation, it is advisable to take the following measures, For one thing, … For another,… 6. I do hope that the problems will be solved as soon as possible.
7. I do hope my suggestions will be taken into consideration to improve the situation.
8. We believe that you will take this matter serious form now on and make every effort to prevent its recurrence.
2. 询问信 主要目的是寻求所需的信息或帮助。 写作策略
开头段：表明写作意图，说明写这封信的目的是寻求什么样的信息或帮助。 主体段：询问具体问题，强调所需信息的重要性。
结尾段：表达获取信息的强烈愿望，提供联系方法以便收信人与你联系，并对有关人员表示感谢。 常用句型
1. I would like to inquire about some information about.. 2. I would like some detailed information on…
3.I shall be grateful if you could have details concerning … available.
4. I would be grateful if you would be so kind as to provide me with certain essential information with regard to the following aspects.
5. I am looking forward to a favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
6. Your prompt and favorable attention to my inquiry would be greatly appreciated.
3. 道歉信 主要目的是向收信人表明歉意，请求对方对自己的某种过失表示谅解。 写作策略 开头段：表明写作意图，对某事表示歉意。 主体段：说明道歉的具体原因。
结尾段：再次表明歉意，请求收信人的谅解，并表示你愿意为此做补救。 常用句型
1 I must apologize to you for …
2. I am afraid what I have done has caused many inconveniences to you.
3. I sincerely hope that you can understand that I offended you unintentionally. 4. Please accept my sincere apology for. ..once more.
5. I sincerely hope that you will kindly accept my apologies.
4. 感谢信 主要目的是向收信人表明感谢之情。
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