由
x?1x?0,得x?1
'因为当0?x?1时,g?x??0,g?x?单调递减;当1?x???时,g'?x??0,g?x?单
调递增,所以在x?1处g?x?有极小值1 故当x?1时,g?x??g?1??1,
从而有x?lnx?1,亦即x?lnx?1?lnx 故有?1???1?1???ln1????恒成立。 n?n??'所以f?2x??f?2??2f?x?,原不等式成立。
2km(Ⅲ)对m?N,且m?1 1??有?1??m??m01?1?2?1?k?1?m?1??Cm?Cm????Cm?????Cm?????Cm??
?m??m??m??m?2kmm?m?1??1?m?m?1???m?k?1??1?m?m?1??2?1?1??1?1??????????????2!k!m!?m??m??m?
?2?1?1?1?1??2??k?1?1?1??m?1?1????1?1??1????1??1????????????? 2!?m?k!?m??m??m?m!?m??m?12!?13!???1k!???1m!?2?
1m?m?1??2?12?1?13?2???1k?k?1????
1??11?1?1???1?1?2??1??????????????????
2??23???k?1k??m?1m??3?1m?3
km1??k?1?2?1?又因Cm,故?0k?2,3,4,?,m?????3 ??m???m?1??∵2??1??m??m1???3,从而有2n???1???3n成立,
k?k?1?nknk1??即存在a?2,使得2n???1???3n恒成立。
k?k?1?15.(本题15分)(2007浙江卷)
已知数列?an?中的相邻两项a2k?1,a2k是关于x的方程x2?(3k?2k)x?3k?2k?0的两个根,且a2k?1≤a2k(k?1,2,3,?). (I)求a1,a2,a3,a7;
(II)求数列?an?的前2n项和S2n; (Ⅲ)记f(n)??1?sinn?3??,
2?sinn?f(3)Tn?(?1)f(2)a1a216?(?1)a3a4524?(?1)f(4)a5a6*?…?(?1)f(n?1)a2n?1a2n,
求证:
≤Tn≤(n?N).
k(I)解:方程x2?(3k?2k)x?3k?2k?0的两个根为x1?3k,x2?2,
当k?1时,x1?3,x2?2, 所以a1?2;
当k?2时,x1?6,x2?4, 所以a3?4;
当k?3时,x1?9,x2?8, 所以a5?8时;
当k?4时,x1?12,x2?16, 所以a7?12.
(II)解:S2n?a1?a2???a2n
?(3?6???3n)?(2?2???2)
2n?3n?3n22?2n?1?2.
(III)证明:Tn?1a1a2?1a3a4?1a5a6???(?1)f(n?1)a2n?1a2n,
所以T1?1a1a21a1a2??16,
T2?1a3a4?524.
当n≥3时,
Tn?16?1a3a4?1a5a6???(?1)f(n?1)a2n?1a2n,
≥161616??1?1?????? a3a4?a5a6a2n?1a2n?116?216?2n≥?2?1?11? ????3n?6?22?16???,
1a5a61a7a8(?1)f(n?1)同时,Tn?524?????a2n?1a2n
?1?1≤??????? 24a5a6?a1a2a2n?1a2n?51≤524524?19?219?2n3?1?11? ????1n?9?22?524???.
16≤Tn≤524综上,当n?N*时,.
16. (本小题满分12分)(2007重庆卷)
已知各项均为正数的数列{an}的前n项和满足S1?1,且
6Sn?(an?1)(an?2),n?N
*(1)求{an}的通项公式;(5分) (2)设数列{bn}满足an(2bn?1)?1,并记Tn为{bn}的前n项和,
*求证:3Tn?1?log2(an?3),n?N. (7分)
(I)解:由a1?S1?16(a1?1)(a1?2),解得a1?1或a1?2,由假设a1?S1?1,因此
a1?2,
又由an?1?Sn?1?Sn?16(an?1?1)(an?1?2)?16(an?1)(an?2),
得(an?1?an)(an?1?an?3)?0,
即an?1?an?3?0或an?1??an,因an?0,故an?1??an不成立,舍去. 因此an?1?an?3,从而?an?是公差为3,首项为2的等差数列, 故?an?的通项为an?3n?1.
bn(II)证法一:由an(2?1?3n?log; ?1)?1可解得bn?log2?1??2a2?3n?1??36?25??. 3n?1?3从而Tn?b1?b2???bn?log2?????3n3n?2?36因此3Tn?1?log2(an?3)?log2?????. ??3n?1?3n?2?253n?2fn(?1)3n2?3n(3)n??36?3??3令f(n)??????,则???????3n?1?3n?2fn()3n5?3n(?53()n2)?n?25?2?3332?2.
因(3n?3)3?(3n?5)(3n?2)2?9n?7?0,故f(n?1)?f(n). 特别地f(n)≥f(1)?2720?1,从而3Tn?1?log2(an?3)?log2f(n)?0.
即3Tn?1?log2(an?3). 证法二:同证法一求得bn及Tn,
3由二项式定理知,当c?0时,不等式(1?c)?1?3c成立.
1??1?1???由此不等式有3Tn?1?log22?1???1????1??
2??5?3n?1???3??3??3???log22?1???1????1??2??5??3n?1??583n?2?log22···?·?log2(3n?2)?log2(an?3).
253n?1333证法三:同证法一求得bn及Tn.
令An?··?·25?36473n?1583n?2,Cn?··?. ,Bn?··?··3n?1363n473n?1?3n?23n?13n因
3n3n?13n?13n.因此An2?AnBnCn?33n+22.
3n??363从而3Tn?1?log22???????log22An
3n?1??25?log22AnBnCn?log2(3n?2)?log2(an?3).
证法四:同证法一求得bn及Tn.
下面用数学归纳法证明:3Tn?1?log2(an?3). 当n?1时,3T1?1?log2274,log2(a1?3)?log25,
因此3T1?1?log2(a1?3),结论成立.
假设结论当n?k时成立,即3Tk?1?log2(ak?3). 则当n?k?1时,
3Tk?1?1?log2(ak?1?3)?3Tk?1?3bk?1?log2(ak?1?3) ?log2(ak?3)?log2(ak?1?3)?3bk?1
?log2(3k?3)32(3k?5)(3k?2)
因(3k?3)?(3k?5)(3k?2)?9k?7?0.故log232(3k?3)32(3k?5)(3k?2)?0.
从而3Tk?1?1?log2(ak?1?3).这就是说,当n?k?1时结论也成立. 综上3Tn?1?log2(an?3)对任何n?N+成立.
17.(本小题满分13分)(2008安徽卷)
3设数列?an?满足a1?0,an?1?can?1?c,n?N*,其中c为实数。
*(Ⅰ)证明:an??0,1?对任意n?N成立的充分必要条件是c??0,1?,
(Ⅱ)设0?c?(Ⅲ)设0?c?1313,证明:an?1??3c?22n?1,n?N*;
2?an?n?1?,证明:a1?a2?? 21?3c,n?N*