北京宏途教育 考研英语精品长线保过小班 一对一辅导
touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。
3．非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰，用as或which引导，as一般放在句首，which在句中，as或which在定语从句内部做主语或宾语，如果做主语，从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。★★★
Alice received an invitation from her boss, which came as a surprise. 爱丽丝接到了老板的邀请，这一点很让人惊讶。 The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 太阳使地球变热，这一点对我们很重要。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 我们都知道，抽烟有害健康。
As is known, smoking is harmful to one's health. 正如大家所知，抽烟有害健康。
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句★★
介词后面的关系词不能省略；that前不能有介词；\介词+关系词\结构可以同关系副词when、where和why互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 这就是两年前我住过的房子。
状语从句★★★
从句整体上作状语，引导词一般不担任从句的
- 31 -
13911111708 63388889 www.KaoyanEnglish.com
任何成分，只表达主句和从句之间的逻辑关系。
1 时间状语从句★★★
可以用while, when和as引导，表示“在…时候”；until，till表示“到…时间为止”，before表示“在…之前”，after表示“在…之后”，since表示“自从…”。
Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me.
正当我停下车的时候，一个人走到了我跟前。 When you have finished your work, you may have a rest.
当你完成你的工作时，你就可以休息一会了。 As the day went on, the weather got worse. 随着日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。
I slept until the sun rose. 我一直睡到太阳高挂。 You must wait till I call you. 你一定要等着我叫你。 I didn't manage to do the job until you had explained how to do it. 直到你给我解释如何干这活后，我才会做。
until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。★ 2 条件状语从句★★★
连接词主要有 if(如果), on condition that(如果), unless(除非，相当于if not), as/so long as(只要) 等。
if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件
- 32 -
北京宏途教育 考研英语精品长线保过小班 一对一辅导
句两种。非真实条件句将在虚拟语气中阐述。
If you are not too tired, we can go out for a walk. 如果你不是很累，我们出去散步。 3 原因状语从句★★★
用because, since, as和for 引导。 I didn't go, because I was afraid. 我没去，因为我害怕。
Since /As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey.
鉴于天气如此糟糕，我们必须推迟我们的旅程。
He must be ill, for he is absent today. 他一定是病了，因为他今天不在。 4 让步状语从句★★★
由though, although(尽管)引导。★★★
Although it's raining, they are still working in the field. 虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。
Though the sore can be healed, yet a scar may remain. 伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。
ever if, even though. 即使★★★
We'll make a trip even though the weather is bad. 即使天气很糟糕，我们还是回去旅行。 whether…or…不管……都……★★ Whether you believe it or not, it is true. - 33 -
13911111708 63388889 www.KaoyanEnglish.com
无论你是否相信这一点，它都是真的。
\matter +疑问词\或\疑问词+后缀ever\★★
No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. no matter what = whatever 无论什么 no matter who = whoever 无论是谁
whatever和whoever在状语从句内部做主语、宾语、表语。
no matter which = whichever 无论哪一个
whichever在状语从句内部做主语、宾语、表语和定语。
no matter when = whenever 无论何时 no matter where = wherever 无论哪里 no matter how = however 无论多么
whenever、wherever和however在状语从句内部做或状语。
Whatever some Chinese say, America is a great country. 无论一些中国人说啥，美国都是一个伟大个国家。
However developed America is, it depends much upon Chinese people. ★★ 无论美国是多么的发达，它仍然在很大程度上依赖于中国人民。
5 方式状语从句★★
- 34 -
北京宏途教育 考研英语精品长线保过小班 一对一辅导
方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。
as if, as though★★
两者的意义和用法相同，引导的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。翻译为作\仿佛……似的\，\好像……似的\。
They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实，就仿佛它不存在似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 他那样子就像被雷击了似的。（与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。）
It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 看来天气很快就会好起来。（实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。）
as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是\正如…\，\就像\，多用于正式文体。★
As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。
- 35 -