SH 3501－2002
and exterior diameter of pipeline.
2) Except calibration pipe, distance between any two seams can’t be less than 50mm. d) 在焊接接头及其边缘上不宜开孔，否则被开孔周围一倍孔径范围内的焊接接头，应100% 进行射线检测；
d) Weld joint and its edge shall not be preferably perforated; otherwise, 100% radial test shall be done for weld joints within one aperture range.
e) 管道上被补强圈或支座垫板覆盖的焊接接头，应进行100%射线检测，合格后方可覆盖。 e) 100% radial test shall be done for weld joint to be covered by stiffening ring or support pad.
7.2.2 焊接接头的坡口形式、尺寸及组对要求，若设计文件未规定时，宜按附录B确定。
7.2.2 Type of groove, dimension and assembly requirement of weld joints shall be confirmed
according to Appendix B if there is no requirement in design document. 7.2.3 管子坡口应按下列方法加工：
a) SHA级管道的管子，应采用机械方法加工；
b) SHB、SHC及SHD级管道的管子，宜用机械方法加工。当采用氧乙炔焰或等离子切割时，切割后必须除去影响焊接质量的表面层。
7.2.3 Groove of pipeline shall be processed with following method:
a) For SHA level pipe, mechanical treatment method shall be adopted.
b) For SHB, SHC and SHD pipes, mechanical treatment method may be adopted. If
oxyacetylene flame or plasma is adopted, surface coat that can impact welding quality shall be removed after cutting.
7.2.4 壁厚相同的管道组成件组对时，应使内壁平齐，其错边量不应超过下列规定： a) SHA级管道为壁厚的10%，且不大于0.5mm；
b) SHB、SHC及SHD级管道为壁厚的10%，且不大于1mm。
7.2.4 When assembling elements of pipes with the same wall thickness, the inner wall shall be even.
Unfitness of butt joint cant’ exceed the following values:
a) For SHA level pipe, 10% of wall thickness and not larger than 0.5mm;
b) For SHB, SHC and SHD pipes, 10% of wall thickness and not larger than 1mm.
7.2.5 壁厚不同的管道组成件组对，当壁厚差大于下列数值时，应按图2、图3的要求加工。 a) SHA级管道的内壁差0.5mm或外壁差2mm；
b) SHB、SHC及SHD级管道的内壁差1.0mm或外壁差2mm。
7.2.5 When assembling elements of pipes with different wall thickness, if different of wall thickness
exceeds following values, processing shall be done according to figure 2 and 3. a) For SHA level pipe: inner wall: 0.5mm, or exterior wall: 2mm;
b) For SHB, SHC and SHD pipes: inner wall: 1.0mm, or exterior wall: 2mm.
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SH 3501－2002
图2 不同壁厚管子加工要求
Fig.2 Requirements for Processing of Pipes With Different Wall Thickness
图3 不同壁厚管子和管件加工要求
Fig.3 Requirements for Processing of Pipes and Elements With Different Wall Thickness
7.2.6 焊接接头的坡口的渗透检测应按下列规定进行： a) 材料淬硬倾向较大的管道坡口100%检测；
b) 设计温度低于-29℃的非奥氏体不锈钢管道坡口抽检5%。 7.2.6 Requirements for penetration test of weld joint’s groove
a) 100% of grooves with trend of harden quenching shall be tested.
b) 5% of grooves of non-austenitic stainless steel pipe whose design temperature is lower than
-29℃ shall be tested. 7.2.7 焊接接头组对前，应用手工或机械方法清理其内外表面，在坡口两侧20mm范围内不得有油漆、毛刺、锈斑、氧化皮及其他对焊接过程有害的物质。
7.2.7 Before assembly of weld joints, inner and exterior faces of it shall be removed with manual or mechanical method. There shall be no paint, burr, rusty stain, scale and other sundries in 20mm range at two sides of grooves that can impact welding.
7.2.8 焊接接头组对前，应确认坡口加工形式、尺寸，其表面不得有裂纹、夹层等缺陷。
7.2.8 Before assembly of weld joints, machining mode and dimension of grooves shall be checked.
There shall be no crack or interlayer on the surface. 7.2.9 不锈钢管采用电弧焊时，焊接接头组对前应在坡口两侧各100mm范围内涂白垩粉或其他防粘污剂。
7.2.9 If arc welding method is adopted for welding of stainless steel pipe, chalk powder or other
antisticking agent shall be painted on surface in range of 100mm from two sides of grooves before assembly of weld joints.
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SH 3501－2002
7.2.10 施工过程中，除设计文件要求进行冷拉伸或冷压缩外，不得用强力方法组对焊接接头。 7.2.10 Cold drawing or cold compression shall be carried out according to the design document. Can’t
assemble weld joints with force. 7.2.11 定位焊应与正式焊接的焊接工艺相同。定位焊的焊缝长度宜为10mm~15mm、厚度为2mm~4mm，且不超过壁厚的2/3。定位焊的焊缝不得有裂纹及其他缺陷。
7.2.11 Tack weld shall be the same with welding process of formal welding. Length of seam may be 10mm~15mm and thickness may be 2mm~4mm and not larger than 2/3 of wall thickness. There shall be no crack and other defects on the seam.
7.2.12 在合金钢钢管上焊接组对卡具时，卡具的材质应与管材相同，否则应用焊接该钢管的焊条在卡具上堆焊过渡层。
7.2.12 If assembled fixture will be welded onto alloy steel pipeline, material of fixture shall be the same
with that of pipeline. Otherwise, use the electrode to weld an intermediate layer on fixture. 7.2.13 焊接在管道上的组对卡具不得用敲打或掰扭的方法拆除。
7.2.13 Assembled fixture welded on pipeline can’t be removed by knock or breaking off with fingers
and thumb. 7.2.14 当采用怕氧乙炔焰切割合金管钢管道上的焊接卡具时，应在离管道表面3mm处切割，然后用砂轮进行修磨。有淬硬倾向的材料，修磨后尚应作磁粉检测或渗透检测。
7.2.14 If using oxyacetylene flame to cut welded fixture on alloy steel pipeline, shall cut at the point
3mm away from surface of the pipeline, and then grind the surface with grinding wheel. Magnetic particle test shall be done for material that may be quenched after grinding. 7.3 焊接工艺要求Requirement for welding procedure
7.3.1 不得在焊件表面引弧或试验电流。设计温度低于-29℃的管道、不锈钢及淬硬倾向较大的合金钢管道，焊件表面不得有电弧擦伤等缺陷。 7.3.1 Can’t generate the arc or test current on surface of weldment. There shall be no abrasive arc on surface of weldment on pipeline with design temperature lower than -29℃, stainless steel pipeline or alloy steel pipeline with trend of harden quenching.
7.3.2 内部清洁要求较高的管道、机器入口管道及设计文件规定的其他管道的单面焊焊缝，应采用氩弧焊进行根部焊道焊接。 7.3.2 For inconel welds of pipeline with high requirement for cleanness of its inner, inlet pipeline for machine and other pipelines specified in the design document, root weld bead shall be welded with argon arc.
7.3.3 在焊接中应确保起弧与收弧的质量。收弧时应将弧坑填满，多层焊的层间接头应相互错开。 7.3.3 Quality of arc starting and arc stopping shall be guaranteed. Arc crater shall be filled up when
stopping arc. Interlayer joints of multilayer welding shall be stagger. 7.3.4 除焊接工艺有特殊要求外，每条焊缝应一次连续焊完。如因故被迫中断，应采取防裂措施。
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SH 3501－2002
再焊时必须进行检查，确认无裂纹后方可继续施焊。
7.3.4 Each seam shall be welded once except there are special requirements. If it is interrupted, crack
control measures shall be taken. Welding can be continued when there is no crack. 7.3.5 管道冷拉伸或冷压缩的焊接接头组对时所使用的工、卡具，应待该焊接接头的焊接及热处理工作完毕后，方可拆除。
7.3.5 Tools and fixtures used for assembly of weld joints on pipeline by cool drawing or compression
shall be removed after welding and heat treatment of weld joints. 7.3.6 公称直径等于或大于500 mm的管道，宜采用单面焊接双面成形的焊接工艺或在焊缝内侧根部进行封底焊；公称直径小于500 mm的SHA和SHD级管道的焊缝底层应采用氩弧焊。
7.3.6 Welding procedures of single-side welding and both sides forming or sealing run at root of inner
side of seam may be adopted for pipeline whose nominal diameter is ≧500mm. Base coat of weld joint on SHA and SHD level pipeline whose nominal diameter is less than 500mm shall be welded with argon arc. 7.3.7 奥氏体不锈钢管道焊接，应按下列要求：
a) 单面焊焊缝宜用手工钨极氩弧焊焊接焊缝底层，管内应充氩气或氮气保护；
b) 在保证焊透及熔合良好的条件下，应选用小的焊接工艺参数、采用短电弧和多层多道焊接
工艺，层间温度应按焊接作业指导书予以控制；
c) 有耐腐蚀性要求的双面焊焊缝，与介质接触一侧应最后施焊。 7.3.7 Requirements for welding of austenitic stainless steel:
a) Base coat of inconel weld shall be welded with manual argon tungsten-arc welding method.
The pipeline shall be charged with argon or nitrogen for protection.
b) Under the precondition of complete penetration and satisfactory fusion, small parameters
for welding procedure, short arc and multilayer and multipass welding procedure shall be adopted. Interpass temperature shall be controlled according to welding operation instruction.
c) Seam of both sides welding with requirements for its resistance to corrosion shall be
welded to medium at the end. 7.3.8 奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头焊后应按设计文件规定进行酸洗与钝化处理。
7.3.8 After welding, pickling and passivating treatment of weld joints of austenitic stainless steel pipe
shall be carried out. 7.3.9 焊接完毕后，应及时将焊缝表面的熔渣及附近的飞溅物清理干净。 7.3.9 After welding, slag and splash nearby shall be cleaned off. 7.4 预热与热处理Preheating and heat treatment
7.4.1 管道组成件焊前预热应按表8的规定进行。中断焊接后需要继续焊接时，应重新预热。 7.4.1 Preheating of elements of pipeline before welding shall be carried out according to table 8. If
welding is interrupted, the elements shall be repreheated before welding.
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SH 3501－2002
表8 管道组成件焊前预热要求
Table 8 Requirements for Preheating of Elements of Pipeline Before Welding 钢种或钢号 Steel type or grade 10, 20 16Mn, 12CrMo 15CrMo 12Cr1Mov 1Cr5Mo 2.25Ni, 3.5Ni 壁厚 Wall thickness mm ≥26 ≥15 ≥12 ≥6 任意Random 任意Random 预热温度 Preheating temperature ℃ 100~200 150~200 150~200 200~300 250~350 100~150 7.4.2 当环境温度低于0℃时，除奥氏体不锈钢外，无预热要求的钢种，在始焊处100mm范围内，应预热到15℃以上。
7.4.2 When ambient temperature is lower than 0℃, except austenitic stainless steel pipe, the surface
from welding point to 100mm away of steel without preheating requirement shall be preheated to over 15℃. 7.4.3 异种钢焊接预热应按SH 3526的规定进行。 7.4.3 Preheating of special steel shall meet SH 3526.
7.4.4 预热应在坡口两侧均匀进行，内外热透并防止局部过热。加热区以外100 mm范围应予以保温。
7.4.4 Preheating shall be uniformly carried out at both sides of groove. Inner and outer shall be heated.
Local overheating shall be prevented. Range of 100mm from heating area shall be insulated. 7.4.5 预热范围应为坡口中心两侧各不小于壁厚的3倍，有淬硬倾向或易产生延迟裂纹的材料，两侧各不小于壁厚的5倍，且不小大100 mm。
7.4.5 Preheating range is from two sides of center of groove to 3 times of wall thickness away. For
material with trend of harden quenching or delayed cracking, the range shall be from two sides of center of groove to 5 times of wall thickness away and be not less than 100mm.
7.4.6 管道焊接接头的热处理，应在焊后及时进行。常用钢材焊接接头的热处理温度，宜按表9的规定确定。
7.4.6 Heat treatment of weld joints shall be carried out after welding. Temperature for heat treatment
of weld joints of common steel pipe shall be confirmed according to table 9.
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