SH 3501－2002
zone. The ratio of sampling for test shall not be less than 20%, and the number shall not be less than 1. 7.5.12 热处理后焊缝的硬度值，不宜超过母材标准布氏硬度值加100HB，且应符合下列规定： a) 合金总含量小于3%，不大于270HB； b) 合金总含量3%~10%，不大于300HB； c) 合金总含量大于10%，不大于350HB。
7.5.12 After heat treatment, the hardness value of the weld seam shall not exceed the total value of
Brinell hardness plus 100 HB, besides the flowing specifications:
a) If the total alloy content is less than 3%, the hardness value shall not be more than 270 HB; b) If the total alloy content is within 3%~10%, the hardness value shall not be more than 300
HB;
c) If the total alloy content is more than 10%, the hardness value shall not be more than 350
HB.
7.5.13 热处理自动记录曲线异常，且被查部件的硬度值超过规定范围时，应按班次加倍复检，并查明原因，对不合格焊接接头重新进行热处理。
7.5.13 In case the self-recorded curve indicates abnormalities and the hardness value of the inspected
part exceed the specified scope, double recheck shall be carried out according to the trick; furthermore, the reason shall be found out and all unqualified welding joints shall bear a new heat treatment.
7.5.14 无损检测和硬度测定完成后，应填写相应的检测报告与检测记录。
7.5.14 Upon the completion of nondestructive examination and hardness inspection, the relevant
inspection report or record shall be written.
7.5.15 进行无损检测的管道，应在单线图上标明焊缝编号、焊工代号、焊接位置、无损检测方法、返修焊缝位置、扩探焊缝位置等可追溯性标识。
进行焊接接头热处理的管道，还应在单线图上标明热处理及硬度试验的焊缝编号。 7.5.15 For piping under nondestructive examination, some traceable markings shall be made on the line diagram, such as S/N of weld seam, code of welder, position of welding, method for nondestructive examination, position of weld seam for rework, position of weld seam for expanded detection, etc.. For piping whose welding joints are under heat treatment, the S/N of weld seam for heat treatment and hardness test shall also be indicated.
8 管道系统试验 Test for piping system
8.1 管道系统压力试验
Pressure test for piping system
8.1.1 管道系统压力试验，应按设计文件要求，在管道安装完毕、热处理和无损检测合格后进行。 8.1.1 Pursuant to the design document, the pressure test for piping system shall be conducted after the
completion of piping erection and heat treatment as well as passing the nondestructive
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SH 3501－2002
examination.
8.1.2 管道系统试压前，应由建设/监理单位、施工单位和有关部门对下列资料进行审查确认：
a) 管道组成件、焊材的制造厂质量证明文件； b) 管道组成件、焊材的校验性检查或试验记录；
c) SHA级管道弯管加工记录、管端的螺纹和密封面加工记录； d) 管道系统隐蔽工程记录；
e) 符合本规范7.5.15条要求的单线图； f) 无损检测报告；
g) 焊接接头热处理记录及硬度试验报告； h) 静电接地测试记录； i) 设计变更及材料代用文件。
8.1.2 All the following data shall be reviewed and confirmed by the employer/supervision unit,
construction unit and other relevant departments prior to pressure test:
a) Quality certification released by the manufacturers of constituent elements and welding
materials for piping;
b) Records of standard check or test for constituent elements and welding materials for
piping;
c) The processing records of elbow of SHA piping, screw thread at the piping ends and the
sealing surface;
d) Records of concealed work of piping system;
e) Line diagram conforming to Clause 7.5.15 of this Specification; f)
Report of nondestructive examination;
g) Records of heat treatment of welding joints and report of hardness test; h) Records of static earthing test; i)
8.1.3 管道系统试压前，应由施工单位、建设/监理单位和有关部门联合检查确认下列条件：
a) 管道系统全部按设计文件安装完毕；
b) 管道支、吊架的型式、材质、安装位置正确，数量齐全，紧固程度、焊接质量合格； c) 焊接及热处理工作已全部完成； d) 合金钢管道的材质标识明显清楚； e) 焊缝及其他需进行检查的部位不应隐蔽；
f) 试压用的临时加固措施符合要求，临时盲板加置正确，标志明显，记录完整； g) 试压用的检测仪表的量程、精度等级、检定期符合要求；
h) 有经批准的试压方案，并经技术交底。
8.1.3 All the following conditions shall be jointly checked and confirmed by the employer/supervision
unit, construction unit and other relevant departments prior to pressure test: a) The whole piping system is installed according to the design document;
b) Model, material quality and mounted position of the support and trapeze of piping shall be
duly correct; the quantity is complete; the level of tightness and the quality of welding are satisfied;
Design alteration and material substitution document;
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SH 3501－2002
c) d) e) f)
All work of welding and heat treatment are completed;
Marking of material quality of alloy steel piping is obvious and clear; Weld seam and other parts needing inspection shall not be concealed;
The temporary fastening measures for pressure test are in compliance with the requirement; the temporary blind plate is at correct position, with obvious marking and complete records;
g) The measurement range, precision and verification period of the instrument is in
conformity with the requirement;
h) Approved program of pressure test is available, with technical clarification.
8.1.4 管道系统的压力试验应以液体进行。液压试验确有困难时，可用气压试验代替，但应符合下列条件，并有经施工单位技术总负责人批准的安全措施：
a) 公称直径小于或等于300 mm、试验压力小于或等于1.6 MPa的管道系统； b) 公称直径大于300 mm、试验压力等于或小于0.6 MPa的管道系统；
c) 脆性材料管道组成件未经液压试验合格，不得参加管道系统气体压力试验；
d) 不符合本条a)、b)的管道系统必须用气压试验代替时，其所有的焊接接头应经无损检测合格。 8.1.4 Liquid shall be adopted for pressure test for piping system. In case it is difficult to conduct
hydraulic pressure test, air pressure test can be adopt as substitution, but the following requirements must be satisfied, with security measures approved by the chief technical in-charge of the construction unit: a) Piping system with nominal diameter ≤300mm and test pressure ≤1.6 Mpa; b) Piping system with nominal diameter ＞300mm and test pressure ≤0.6 Mpa; c) The constituent elements made of fragile material shall not be brought into the air
pressure test before they are pass the hydraulic pressure test; d) For piping system out of the scope of a) and b) of this clause that must adopt air pressure
test instead of hydraulic pressure test, all of its welding joints shall pass the nondestructive examination before the test.
8.1.5 压力试验的压力应符合下列规定：
a) 真空管道为0.2 MPa；
b) 液体压力试验的压力为设计压力的1.5倍；
c) 气体压力试验的压力为设计压力的1.15倍。
8.1.5 The pressure used for the pressure test shall conform to the following:
a) 0.2 Mpa for vacuum piping;
b) The pressure of the hydraulic pressure test shall be 1.5 times of the design pressure; c) The pressure of the air pressure test shall be 1.15 times of the design pressure. 8.1.6 管道压力试验时，试验温度、应力值应符合下列规定：
8.1.6 During the process of pressure test for piping, values of the test temperature and stress shall conform to the following:
a) 当设计温度高于试验温度时，管道的试验压力应按公式(1)核算：
a) When the design temperature is higher than the test temperature, the test pressure of the piping shall be calculated by Formula (1):
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SH 3501－2002
[б]1
Pt=KP0 22222222222222222222222222222222222222(1)
[б]2
式中：
K－系数，液体压力试验取1.5，气体压力试验取1.15； Pt－试验压力，MPa； P0－设计压力，MPa；
[б]1－试验温度下材料的许用应力，MPa； [б]2－设计温度下材料的许用应力，MPa。 Here:
K-coefficient, which is 1.5 for hydraulic pressure test and 1.15 for air pressure test; P1-test pressure, Mpa; P0-design pressure, Mpa;
?1-allowable stress of the material in test temperature, Mpa; ?2- allowable stress of the material in design temperature, Mpa;
b) 液体压力试验时的应力值，不得超过试验温度下材料屈服点的90%；
b) The value of stress under hydraulic pressure test shall not exceed 90% of the yield point of the
material in test temperature;
c) 气体压力试验时的应力值，不得超过试验温度下材料屈服点的80%。
c) The value of stress under air pressure test shall not exceed 80% of the yield point of the material in test temperature;
8.1.7 液体压力试验应用洁净水进行，当生产工艺有要求时，可用其他液体。奥氏体不锈钢管道用水试验时，水中的氯离子含量不得超过25 mg/L。 8.1.7 Clean water shall be used for hydraulic pressure test; other liquid may be used otherwise required by the production process. When water is adopted for hydraulic pressure test for austenitic stainless steel piping, the content of chloride ion in the water shall not be more than 25 mg/L.
8.1.8 液体压力试验时液体的温度，当设计文件未规定时，应符合下列要求： a) 非合金钢和低合金钢的管道系统，液体温度不得低于5℃；
b) 合金钢的管道系统，液体温度不得低于15℃，且应高于相应金属材料的脆性转变温度。 8.1.8 The liquid temperature for hydraulic pressure test shall conform to the following if it is not
specified in design document:
a) For piping system made of non-alloy steel or low alloy steel, the liquid temperature shall not be lower than 5℃;
b) For piping system made of alloy steel, the liquid temperature shall not be lower than 15℃ and shall be higher than the brittle transition temperature of the relevant metal material.
8.1.9 因试验压力不同或其他原因不能参与管道系统试压的设备、仪表、安全阀、爆破片等应加置盲板隔离，并有明显标志。
8.1.9 Any equipment, instrument, relief valve or blasting plate that cannot be brought into pressure test for piping system due to different test pressure or other reasons shall be indicated with obvious marking. 8.1.10 液体压力试验时，必须排净系统内的空气。升压应分级缓慢，达到试验压力后停压10 min，
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SH 3501－2002
然后降至设计压力，停压30 min，不降压、无泄漏和无变形为合格。
8.1.10 Prior to the hydraulic pressure test, the air in the system shall be completely exhausted. Boosting shall be carried out slowly and step by step and it shall stop for 10 min when the pressure reaches the test pressure; then, the pressure shall be lowered down to the design pressure and stop for 30 min; if the pressure does not drop and no leakage or deformation occurs, the piping system is deemed to be qualified;
8.1.11 气体压力试验时，必须用空气或其他无毒、不可燃气体介质进行预试验。预试验压力应根据气体压力试验压力的大小，在0.1 MPa~0.5 MPa的范围内选取。
8.1.11 Prior to the air pressure test, a trial test shall be carried out using air or other nontoxic and incombustible gas. The pressure for trial test shall depend on the test pressure of air pressure test and be chosen within the scope of 0.1 Mpa~0.5 Mpa.
8.1.12 气体压力的试验时，试验温度必须高于金属材料的脆性转变温度。
8.1.12 During the air pressure test, the test temperature shall be higher than the brittle transition temperature of the metal material.
8.1.13 气体压力试验时，应逐步缓慢增加压力。当压力升至试验压力的50%时，稳压3 min，未发现异常或泄漏，继续按试验压力的10%逐级升压，每级稳压3 min，直至试验压力，稳压10 min，再将压力降至设计压力，涂刷中性发泡剂对试压系统进行仔细巡回检查，无泄漏为合格。 8.1.13 During the air pressure test, boosting shall be carried out slowly and step by step. When the pressure is boosted to 50% of the test pressure, stabilize the pressure for 3 min; if no abnormality or leakage occurs, continue the boosting step by step on the basis of 10% of the test pressure, 3 min of pressure stabilization for each step till the test pressure; then stabilize the pressure for 10 min and then lower the pressure down to the design pressure; then brush the piping system with neutral foaming agent and check the whole system carefully, if no leakage is found, the piping system is deemed to be qualified.
8.1.14 试压过程中若有泄漏，不得带压修理。缺陷消除后应重新试验。
8.1.14 If any leakage is found during the process of pressure test, repair shall not be conducted
with the pressure. Upon the removal of the defect, a new test shall be carried out.
8.1.15 管道系统试压合格后，应缓慢降压。试验介质宜在室外合适地点排净，排放时应考虑反冲力作用及安全环保要求。
8.1.15 Once the piping system passes the pressure test, the pressure shall be lowered down slowly. All test mediums shall be discharged at a proper place outside; attention shall be paid to the impact of recoil as well as the requirement for safety and environmental protection.
8.1.16 管道系统试压完毕，应及时拆除所用的临时盲板，核对盲板加置记录，并填写管道系统试压记录。
8.1.16 Upon the completion of pressure test for piping system, all temporary blind plates shall be dismantled in time; the erection record of the blind plate shall be checked and the records of pressure test for piping system shall also be filled out.
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