重庆大学硕士学位论文
工作资源、知识共享与工作绩效的关系研究
硕士研究生：韦志飞 指导教师： 王 勇 专 业：管理科学与工程 所在院系：经济与工商管理学院
论文提交时间：二○一三 年 四 月 七 日
重庆大学硕士学位毕业论文 工作资源、知识共享与工作绩效的关系研究
摘 要
全球化的影响促使企业经营步伐的加快，人类已进入了一个以知识为主导的经济时代，决定一个国家经济增长的关键因素已由技术、资本转为人力资源的提升。为了维持与提升竞争力，协助与照顾优秀员工的成长则成为现今企业能够长久发展的重要基石。工作资源作为一种内在激励机制，能够促进员工成长、学习与发展，进而能够促使员工产生有益的行为和工作绩效。而以往对于工作绩效的研究，往往停留在变量对工作绩效影响的现象层面，缺少对工作绩效影响的机制或者过程的探讨。本文从心理视角出发，探讨在知识共享共同作用下，工作资源是如何对工作绩效产生影响的。
本文通过对大量的国内外文献研究的基础上，提出研究的概念模型和研究假设。以纸质版问卷、电子版问卷以及网络版问卷等三种方式进行问卷调查，最终回收有效问卷293份，对假设模型中的变量指标进行信度和效度的分析，同时通过探索性因子分析以及验证性分析表明，工作资源可分为社会支持、工作控制感和工作发展机会三个维度；知识共享可分为知识贡献和知识获取两个维度；工作投入可分为活力、奉献和专注三个维度；工作绩效可分为任务绩效、关系绩效、学习绩效以及创新绩效四个维度。同时本文对人口统计变量和研究变量进行了差异性分析，分析发现，部分人口统计变量与研究变量存在着显著的关系。
最后，本文通过结构方程模型拟合分析的结果显示：工作资源对工作投入存在正向的影响关系；工作资源对知识共享存在正向的影响关系；工作资源对工作绩效存在正向的影响关系；工作投入对知识共享存在正向的影响关系；工作投入对工作绩效存在正向的影响关系；知识共享对工作绩效的影响关系不显著，通过分析，发现这主要是工作资源与工作投入、工作绩效形成的“螺旋上升”的效果，使得知识共享与工作绩效影响不显著，而通过知识共享与工作绩效的拟合分析发现，知识共享与工作绩效是存在着显著关系的。 关键词：工作资源；工作投入；知识共享；工作绩效
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重庆大学硕士学位毕业论文 工作资源、知识共享与工作绩效的关系研究
Abstract
The impact of globalization impels the accelerated pace of enterprise, human being has entered the era of a knowledge-led economy, the deciding key factor in a country's economic growth by technology, capital has changed into the promotion of human resources. In order to maintain and enhance competitiveness, assisting and taking care of the excellent staff’s growth has become an important cornerstone for today's enterprises to a long-term development. Work resources as an internal incentive mechanism can promote employee’s growth, learning and development, and be able to motivate employee to have a beneficial behavior and job performance. Previous research to job performance, always stays in the phenomenon level of the variables to the job performance, lacks discussing the mechanism or process of the impacting on the job performance. So from the psychological perspective and the effect with the knowledge sharing, work resource is how to impact on job performance will be discussed in this paper.
In this paper, conceptual model and research hypotheses are proposed base on a large number of domestic and foreign’s literature. 293 valid questionnaires are collected by the three ways of investigation, that is paper version of the questionnaire, the electronic version of the questionnaire, and the network version of the questionnaire, the variables indicators in the model’s assumptions are analysed through the reliability and validity analysis, through the exploratory factor analysis and confirmative factor analysis show that job resources can be divided into social support, work control and personality for professional development, knowledge sharing can be divided into knowledge donating and knowledge collecting, job engagement can be divided into vigor, dedication and absorption, job performance can be divided into task performance, contextual performance, learning performance and innovative performance. In the same time, demographic variables and research’s variables are analysed by difference analysis, the analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between some demographic variables and research’s variables.
Finally, the structural equation model fitting analysis shows that: work resources exist a positive effect on job engagement, work resources exist a positive effect on knowledge sharing, work resources exist a positive effect on job performance, job engagement exists a positive effect on knowledge sharing, job engagement exists a positive impact on job performance, The relationship to the knowledge sharing and job performance is not significant, through the analysis, for the effect of job resources and job engagement, job performance forming a \making the knowledge sharing and job performance is not significant, thus through the fitting analysis with knowledge sharing and job performance, knowledge sharing and job performance exists a significant relationship.
Keywords: Work Resource; Job Engagement; Knowledge Sharing; Job Performance
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重庆大学硕士学位毕业论文 工作资源、知识共享与工作绩效的关系研究
目 录
摘 要 ............................................................................................................................................. 1 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... 2 1绪论 .............................................................................................................................................. 5 1.1 研究的背景 .......................................................................................................................... 5 1.2 研究的意义 .......................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 研究的创新点 ...................................................................................................................... 6 1.4 研究的方法与技术路线 ...................................................................................................... 7 2文献综述 ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1工作资源 .............................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.1 工作资源的理论基础 .................................................................................................. 9 2.1.2工作资源的定义与结构 ............................................................................................... 9 2.1.3工作资源的影响研究 ................................................................................................. 10 2.2 工作投入 ............................................................................................................................ 10 2.2.1工作投入的定义 ......................................................................................................... 10 2.2.2工作投入的维度 ......................................................................................................... 11 2.2.3工作投入的影响研究 ................................................................................................. 12 2.3 知识共享 ............................................................................................................................ 12 2.3.1知识的定义与分类 ..................................................................................................... 12 2.3.2知识共享的定义 ......................................................................................................... 13 2.3.3知识共享的影响研究 ................................................................................................. 14 2.4 工作绩效 ............................................................................................................................ 15 2.4.1工作绩效的定义 ......................................................................................................... 16 2.4.2工作绩效的结构 ......................................................................................................... 16 2.4.3工作绩效的影响因素 ................................................................................................. 17 3 研究设计 ................................................................................................................................... 19 3.1 研究变量的界定 ................................................................................................................ 19 3.2 研究假设与研究模型 ........................................................................................................ 20 3.3 测量工具 ............................................................................................................................ 24 3.3.1 工作资源量表 ............................................................................................................ 24 3.3.2 工作投入量表 ............................................................................................................ 24 3.3.3 知识共享量表 ............................................................................................................ 25 3.3.4 工作绩效量表 ............................................................................................................ 25 3.3.5 人口统计变量 ............................................................................................................ 25 3.3.6 数据分析方法 ............................................................................................................ 25 4 问卷调查与初步分析 ............................................................................................................... 27 4.1 研究样本 ............................................................................................................................ 27 4.1.1 样本选取与数据收集 ................................................................................................ 27 4.1.2 样本描述性分析 ........................................................................................................ 27 4.2 信度分析 ............................................................................................................................ 30 4.2.1工作资源指标的信度分析 ......................................................................................... 30
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重庆大学硕士学位毕业论文 工作资源、知识共享与工作绩效的关系研究
4.2.2工作投入指标的信度分析 ......................................................................................... 31 4.2.3知识共享指标的信度分析 ......................................................................................... 32 4.2.4工作绩效指标的信度分析 ......................................................................................... 32 4.3效度分析 ............................................................................................................................ 33 4.3.1工作资源指标的效度分析 ......................................................................................... 33 4.3.2工作投入指标的效度分析 ......................................................................................... 35 4.3.3知识共享指标的效度分析 ......................................................................................... 36 4.3.4工作绩效指标的效度分析 ......................................................................................... 37 4.3 独立样本T检验与方差分析 ............................................................................................ 38 4.4 相关性分析 ........................................................................................................................ 48 5结构方程模型验证 .................................................................................................................... 50 5.1 结构方程模型介绍 ............................................................................................................ 50 5.1.1结构方程模型的定义 ................................................................................................. 50 5.1.2结构方程模型的评价 ................................................................................................. 50 5.2测量模型的验证性分析 ..................................................................................................... 51 5.2.1 工作资源测量模型的验证性分析 ............................................................................ 51 5.2.2 工作投入测量模型的验证性分析 ............................................................................ 52 5.2.3 知识共享测量模型的验证性分析 ............................................................................ 54 5.2.4 工作绩效测量模型的验证性分析 ............................................................................ 54 5.3 结构模型分析与研究假设检验 ........................................................................................ 55 5.3.1关系模型构建 ............................................................................................................. 55 5.3.2关系结构模型拟合分析 ............................................................................................. 57 6研究结果讨论与建议 ................................................................................................................ 61 6.1研究结果讨论 .................................................................................................................... 61 6.1.1研究假设的结果讨论 ................................................................................................. 61 6.1.2统计变量差异性分析的结果讨论 ............................................................................. 62 6.2 研究建议 ............................................................................................................................ 64 6.3 局限性与未来研究的方向 ................................................................................................ 65 6.3.1研究局限 ..................................................................................................................... 65 6.3.2未来研究的方向 ......................................................................................................... 65 7结论 ............................................................................................................................................ 67 致谢 ............................................................................................................................................... 69 参考文献 ....................................................................................................................................... 70 附录 ............................................................................................................................................... 75 A员工工作绩效影响研究的调查问卷 ................................................................................... 75 B作者攻读硕士学位期间已发表的论文 ................................................................................ 77 C作者在攻读学位期间参加课题项目情况 ............................................................................ 77
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