(Ⅰ)求数列{xn}的通项公式; (Ⅱ)设{xn}的前n项和为Sn,求sinSn。 【解析】(I)f(x)?
x12??sinx?f?(x)??cosx?0?x?2k??(k?Z) 2232?2? f?(x)?0?2k???x?2k??(k?Z)
332?4? f?(x)?0?2k???x?2k??(k?Z)
332? 得:当x?2k??(k?Z)时,f(x)取极小值
32? 得:xn?2n??
32?(II)由(I)得:xn?2n??
3
Sn?x1?x2?x3???xn?2?(1?2?3???n)?2n?2n??n(n?1)??33
当n?3k(k?N*)时,sinSn?sin(?2k?)?0 当n?3k?1(k?N*)时,sinSn?sin 当n?3k?2(k?N*)时,sinSn?sin 得: 当n?3k(k?N*)时,sinSn?0 当n?3k?1(k?N*)时,sinSn? 当n?3k?2(k?N*)时,sinSn??
例题15. (2012广东理)(本小题满分14分)
设数列?an?的前n项和为Sn,满足2Sn?an?1?2n?1+1,n?N?,且
3 23 22?3 ?324?3 ??32a1,a2?5,a3成等差数列。
(1) 求a1的值; (2)求数列?an?的通项公式。 (3) 证明:对一切正整数n,有解:(1)由2Sn?an?1?2n?1?1,
令n?2有 2?a1?a2??a3?7,又 2?a2?5??a1?a3
1113???????. a1a2an2? a1?1
(2)
2Sn?an?1?2n?1?1 2Sn?1?an?2n?1
○1
○2
由○1-○2有 2a?a?a?2n nn?1n? an?1?3an?2n
?
bn?1?an?13an2n??2n?12n?12n?1 令
an?bn则 2n31bn? 22n 即
32bn?1?13?, bn?12
b1?a11? 22
??b???1?为公比为
的等比数列。
?3?????2?n?3?bn?1??b1?1????2?a?3?bn????1?n2n?2?nnn?1
? a?3n?2n
(3)an?3n?1?3n?2n?3n?1?2?3n?1?2n?1??0,n?N? ? an?3n?1 即
11?n?1an3
?
1111113?1?3???????1??2?????n??1?n?? a1a2an332?3?23?
1113??????? a1a2an2例题16. (2012广东理)(本小题共14分)
数列?an?满足a1=2,an?1=2?4?an2,数列{bn}定义为:bn=2n?1an,n∈N?.
(1)求数列?an?的通项公式; (2)证明:bn<7, n∈N? 解:(1)设a1?2sin,则
4?
a2?2?4?4sin2?4?2?2cos?4?2(1?cos?4?4sin2?23?2sin?23
若ak?2sin?2k?1,则由递推关系知
?2k?1?2sin ak?1?2?2cos?2k?2
所以,?an?的通项公式
an?2sin?2n?1(n?N?) ?2n?2sin(2)由(1)知,bn因为0?x?证明)
所以bn
?2n?2sin?2n?1(n?N?),于是
?2时,sinx ?2?2n?1?2n?2??2n?1?2??7 证毕. 例题17(2012山东理)(本小题满分12分) 在等差数列{an}中,a3+a4+a5=84,a9=73. (Ⅰ)求数列{an}的通项公式; (Ⅱ)对任意m∈N﹡,将数列{an}中落入区间(9m,92m)内的项的个数记为bm,求数列{bm}的前m项和Sm。 解析:(Ⅰ)由a3+a4+a5=84,a5=73可得3a4?84,a4?28,而a9=73,则5d?a9?a4?45,d?9,a1?a4?3d?28?27?1, 于是an?1?(n?1)?9?9n?8,即an?9n?8. (Ⅱ)对任意m∈N﹡,9m?9n?8?92m,则9m?8?9n?92m?8, 即9m?1?88?n?92m?1?,而n?N*,由题意可知bm?92m?1?9m?1, 99于是Sm?b1?b2???bm?91?93???92m?1?(90?91???9m?1) 9?92m?11?9m92m?1?99m?192m?1?10?9m?192m?1?19m???????21?9808808081?992m?1?19m?即Sm?808, .