国际工程常用英汉词汇汇编
一、基础词汇 access 交通
agreement 同意、协议 allocation 分配、配置 approval 同意、批准 arbitration 仲裁
Asia Development Bank 亚洲开发银行 assistant 助理、助手
authorize(delegate)授权、委托 Bill of Quantities(BOQ) 工程量表 civil works 土建工程 claim 索赔
comment 评论、意见
commercial manager 商务经理 conditions of contract 合同条件 general conditions 通用条件
conditions of particular application 专用条件 special conditions of contract 特别条件 Conditions of contract for Works of Civil Engineering Construction 土木工程施工合同条件
construction management 施工管理 consultant 顾问
contract agreement 合同协议 Contractor 承包商 cooperation 合作 coordination 协作 cost 费用
cost control 成本控制 counterclaim 反索赔 demobilization 退场 department 部门 Designer 设计者 drawing 图纸
shop drawing 车间图 design drawing 设计图 as-built drawing 竣工图 blue drawing 蓝图
transparent drawing 透明图 construction drawing 施工图 electric works 电气工程
Employer(Client/Owner) 业主 Engineer 工程师
Engineer's representative 工程师代表 engineering project 工程项目 international project 国际工程
overseas project 海外工程 domestic project 国内工程 equipment 设备 expatriate 外籍职员 expert 专家 export 出口
Federation of Civil Engineering Contractor 土木工程承包商联合会 formal 正式的
hydromechanical works 金结工程 import 进口
in charge of 负责、主管 informal 非正式的 Institution of Civil
Engineers(ICE) 土木工程师协会 instrument 仪器、器械 insurance 保险 labour 劳务 layout 布置
leading company(sponsor)牵头公司、责任公司liability(responsibility/obligation) 责任、义务 lump sump 总包 machinery 机械
manpower(human resource) 人力资源 Manufacturer 制造商 material 材料
measure 办法、措施
take effective measures 采取有效措施 measurement 测量、计量 memorandum 备忘录 mobilization 进场 objection 反对 payment 支付 plant 设备
point of view(opinion) 观点、意见 prequalification 资格预审 procurement 采购 profit 利润
progress control 进度控制 project manager 项目经理 quality control 质量控制
request(application) 申请、请求 review 审查 risk 风险
river closure 截流 river diversion 导流 safety 安全
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signature 签名 site 工地、现场
site engineer 现场工程师 specification 规格、规范 staff 职员
Subcontractor 分包商 submission 提交
supervise 监督、监视 Supplier 供货商
the International Chamber of Commerce国际商会
unit price 单价
variation(change) 变更 World Bank 世界银行 二、工程施工类
（一）工程施工-土建类
◆开挖与支护（Excavation and Support) 明挖（Open Excavation ) bench excavation 台阶开挖 concrete excavation 砼开挖 fault excavation 断层开挖
foundation excavation 基础开挖 local excavation 局部开挖
mass(bulk) excavation 大面积开挖 protective layer excavation 保护层开挖 rock excavation 岩石开挖 slope excavation 边坡开挖
soft ground excavation 软基开挖 soil excavation 土方开挖
structural excavation 结构开挖 tooth excavation 齿槽开挖
unclassified material excavation 不分类料开挖
coefficient of nonuniformity 开挖不均匀系数 cutoff trench 截水槽
dewatering(drainage) 排水 excavation pit 开挖基坑
intensity of excavation 开挖强度 overexcavate ( overbreak ) 超挖 pump sump 水泵坑
Underexcavate ( underbreak ) 欠挖 underbreak treatment 欠挖处理
洞挖及地下开挖（Tunnel and Underground Excavation)
a round of excavation 一个开挖循环 adit 支洞
advance 进尺
advances depth 进尺深度 breaking hole 崩落孔 cushion hole 缓冲孔 drift 掏槽
bottom drift 底部掏槽 center drift 中心掏槽 side drift 边部掏槽 top drift 顶部掏槽 drilling 钻孔
driving(progress) rate 进尺率 easer 掏槽孔
erecting supports for the roof and side wall 对顶拱及边墙进行支护
full face excavation 全断面开挖
heading and bench excavation 导流与台阶开挖
loading and hauling muck(mucking ) 装拉渣 loading (charging) 装药 perimeter hole 周边孔 pilot tunnel 导洞 removing dust 除尘
removing ground water 清除地面积水 shooting the explosive (blasting) 放炮 top heading excavation 上导洞开挖 ventilation 通风
钻孔爆破(Drilling and Blasting) abandoned hole 废孔
average hole depth 平均孔深 average quantity used in unit volume blasted 平均单耗 blasting result 爆破结果 blockness 块度
controlled perimeter blasting 周边控制爆破 data of explosive filled 装药参数 data of holes drilled 钻孔参数 delayed blasting 延时爆破 exploratory hole 探孔 explosive quantity 药量
explosive quantity in a sound 单响药量 handling misfire 处理哑炮 light charge 少量装药
loosening blasting 松动爆破 pattern 布孔方式
distance between holes 孔距 distance between rows 排距 post shearing blasting 微差爆破 prespliting blasting 预裂爆破
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quantity of holes 孔数 smooth blasting 光面爆破 延时支护(rock support)
expansion shell rock bolt 胀壳式张拉锚杆 feature rock anchor 随机锚索 feature rock bolt 随机张拉锚杆 feature rock dowel 随机砂浆锚杆 feature rock reinforcement 随机加固 lattice girder 钢桁架、格构大梁 pattern cement grouted rock dowel 系统水泥浆锚杆
pattern resin grouted rock dowel 系统树脂浆锚杆
pattern rock dowel 系统砂浆锚杆 pattern rock reinforcement 系统加固 permanent rock support 永久支护
post-tensioned cement grouted tendon rock anchor 后张拉水泥浆锚索 rebound material 回弹料
return rock bolt 回头张拉锚杆
return rock reinforcement 回头加固 shotcrete anchorage 喷锚
shotcrete with wire mesh 挂网喷砼 steel fabric shotcrete 钢纤维喷砼 steel rib 钢拱架
temporary rock support 临时支护
tensioned resin grouted rock bolt 树脂张拉锚杆
◆土石料的填筑及碾压施工工序（Working Sequence) backfill 回填 blend 混合 compact 碾压
controlled sprinkling 控制洒水 cut the slope 削坡 dump 卸料 exploit 开采 level 整平 load 装料
moisture condition 水分调节 place and spread 摊铺 remove 清除 replace 重新回填
retreat (do the work again) 返工 scarify 翻松、刨毛
screen and wash 筛分和冲洗 take a sample 取样
test 测试
transport 运输 treat 处理 trim 修整
缺陷（Defects）
calcium particles 姜石
contaminated material 受污染料
declination of the boundary 料界偏差 dry 干燥
lack of compaction 漏压 lump sump 结块 muddy 泥泞
oversize material 超粒径材料 pocket 囊穴 seepage 渗流 separation 分离 shear area 剪力区 lens 透镜体 其它（Others)
bonding surface 结合面 byproduct 副产品
controlling parameter 控制参数 fill placement record 填筑记录 frog area 蛙夯区
required embankment 必要填方 subzone 分区
◆混凝土（Concrete ）
air-entrained concrete(aerated concrete) 加气砼
asphalt concrete 沥青砼 blinding concrete 垫层砼
cast-in situ(site/place)concrete 现浇砼 plastic concrete 塑料砼 fibrous concrete 纤维砼 first stage concrete 一期砼 foamed concrete 泡沫砼
high-performance concrete 高性能砼 high-strength concrete 高强砼 intrusion concrete 压浆砼
lean concrete (poor concrete) 贫砼
lightweight aggregate concrete 轻骨料砼 mass concrete 大体积砼 non-fines concrete 无砂砼 non-plastic concrete 干硬性砼 non-shrinkage concrete 无收缩砼 normal concrete 常态砼 plain concrete 素砼
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porous concrete 多孔砼
prestressed concrete 预应力砼 pump concrete 泵送砼 reinforced concrete 钢筋砼
roller compacted concrete( rollcrete) 碾压砼 second stage concrete 二期砼 作业（Activity）
clearance(clearing) 清理 concrete
pouring(placement/casting) 砼浇筑 curing 养护
Membrance curing 薄膜养护 moist curing 湿润养护 normal curing 标准养护 steam curing 蒸汽养护 repairing 修理
Scabbling (chiping/roughening) 凿毛 greencutting 冲毛 surface finishing 收面 vibrating 振捣 缺陷（Defects）
bug hole(pitted surface) 麻面 cavity 狗洞 cold joint 冷缝 crack 裂缝
deformation 变形 depression 坑洼
fire-damaged concrete 火损砼 formwork shifting(moving) 跑模 grout leakage 漏浆（挂帘） honeycomb 蜂窝
incomplete vibration 不完全振捣、漏振 irregularity 不规则
segregation(bleeding) 离析 stair(staggered joint) 错台 tie rod hole 拉杆孔 water leakage 漏水 water seepage 渗水 外加剂（Admixture） accelerator 速凝剂
air-entraining agent 引气剂
bloating(bulking /expansion) agent 膨胀剂 coring admixture 着色剂
early-strength admixture 早强剂
gas-forming admixture 发气剂（起泡剂） fluidizer 塑化剂
retarding agent 缓凝剂
set-controlling admixture 调凝剂
super-plasticizer 增塑剂、高效减水剂 surface-active agent 表面活性剂 water-reducing agent 减水剂
accelerating water reducer 速凝型减水剂 retarding water reducer 缓凝型减水剂 waterproof agent 防水剂 指标（Indexes）
compressive strength 抗压强度 compressive stress 压应力 concrete class 砼等级 final strength 终凝强度 graduation 级配
graduation curve 级配曲线 impermeability 抗渗性
initial setting strength 初凝强度 mix design 配比设计
resistance to freezing and thawing 抗冻融性 shear strength 抗剪强度 slump 坍落度
specific weight/gravity 比重
stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性 strain 应变
surface finish 表面平整度 tensile strength 抗拉强度 tensile stress 拉应力 thermal stress 温度应力 water-cement ratio 水灰比 working stress 工作应力 其他（Others） acceptance 验收 age 龄期
aggregate 骨料
fine aggregate 细骨料 coarse aggregate 粗骨料 air pocket 气囊 airtightness 气密性
alternative 替代物、替换方法 apply 应用、施加
bending moment 弯矩 block 仓号
binding strength 黏结强度 calibration 标定
cement anchor 锚固卷 concrete plug 砼塞
concrete precast element 砼预制件 concrete release sheet 发料单
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construction joint 施工缝 contamination /pollution 污染 conversion(reconstruction) 改建 coverage 覆盖范围 curing agent 养护剂 delivery sheet 运料单 direct discharge 直接入仓 elevation 高程、正视图
epoxy mortar application 还氧砂浆抹面 existing 现有（存）的 expansion joint 伸缩缝 facilitate 使容易（便利） gabion 纤丝笼 humidity 湿度
identity 识别、标记 ingredient 成分、配料 inspection 检查、验收
preliminary inspection 初验 final inspection 终验
appearance inspection 外观检查 intact 完整的、未被触动的 inter-tower joint 塔间缝 introduce into 将……穿入 isolate 隔离 laitance 浮浆皮
layer(lift)height 层高
meet design requirement 满足设计要求 moment of inertia 惯性距
Pocket (box out/preset hole) 预留孔 post-cooling 后冷却 post tensioning 后张拉 pre-cooling 预冷却 pre-stressing 预应力 pre-tensioning 先张拉 pull-off test 扒拉试验
reinforcement cover 钢筋保护层 remark 备注
section area 截面面积 shearkey 抗剪键 key groove 键槽
shotcrete dry-mix process 干喷砼生产 shotcrete wet-mix process 湿喷砼生产 simplify 简化
simultaneously 同时地 spacer 水泥垫块 spacing 间距
stress concentration 应力集中
symmetry 对称
technical data 技术参数
temperature control 温度控制 temperature difference 温差 temperature rise(gain) 温度升高 theoretical elongation 理论延长量 unloading 卸载 water stop 止水
PVC water stop PVC止水 rubber water stop 橡皮止水 copper water stop 铜止水 watertightness 闭水性 winter protection 冬季保温
◆模板（Formwok/Shutteringform) erecting(setting up/fixing) formwork 立模 Stripping (removing/dismantling) formwork 拆模
bond breaker 脱模剂 climbing cone 爬升锥 dam bracket 大坝支架 distance piece 横支撑
double-curvature formwork 双曲模板 flat formwork 平面模板 formwork oil 模板油 pigtail anchor 猪尾筋
retractable formwork 进退式模板 shearkey box 键槽盒 sliding formwork 滑模
steel form carrier 钢模台车 steel formwork 钢模
steel waling 钢围令、钢支撑 stopend 堵头、封堵模板
temporary formwork 临时模板 tie rod(form tie) 拉杆
tiltable formwork 倾斜式模板
vault and invert formwork 顶拱及底拱模板 wood formwork 木模
◆钢筋（Reinforcement Rebar） distribution bar 分布筋 dowel 插筋
horizontal bar 水平筋 lap length 搭接长度
main stress bar 主应力筋 overlap 搭接 shear bar 剪力筋
splice welding 绑条焊接 starter bar 起始筋、苗子锦
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